1. © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. EXCEL 2007 THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH S E R I E S M I C R O S O F T ® O F F I C E Lesson 8 Rounding and Nesting Functions

2. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 2 Lesson Objectives Use the INT function. Use the ROUND function. Use date and time arithmetic. Create nested functions. Create a hyperlink.

3. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3 Using the INT Function The INT function from the Math and Trig category shows the non-decimal portion of a value. INT stands for “Integer.” An integer is a whole number. The INT function truncates or cuts off all digits after the decimal point.

4. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 4 Using the INT Function

5. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 Keying an INT Function

6. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 6 Using the ROUND Function The ROUND function adjusts a value to a specified digit to the left or right of the decimal point. The value is made larger or smaller. The ROUND function has two arguments: The value to be rounded. The number of digits used for rounding.

7. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Using the ROUND Function

8. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 8 Function Arguments for ROUND

9. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 Using Date and Time Arithmetic To determine an age, subtract the start/birth date from today and divide by 365.25.

10. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 10 Using Date and Time Arithmetic To determine time passed, subtract the start time from the end time. Multiply by 24 to convert the results to hours.

11. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 11 Creating Nested Functions A nested function is a function within a function. The argument for the main function is another function. Use a combination of the Function Arguments dialog box, the formula bar, and the Name Box to build nested functions.

12. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 Creating Nested Functions SUM nested within ROUND

13. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 13 Creating Nested Functions Nested IF formulas

14. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 14 Using Top/Bottom Conditional Formatting Click the Conditional Formatting button. Choose Top/Bottom Rules and the specific rule.

15. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 15 Creating a Hyperlink Display another file. Open another program. Show a Web page. Display an e-mail address. A hyperlink is a clickable object or text that, when clicked, can:

16. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 16 Creating a Hyperlink Clicking the Hyperlink button on the Insert command tab. Right-clicking the cell and choosing Hyperlink from the shortcut menu. Pressing [Ctrl]+[K]. You can create a hyperlink by:

17. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 Creating a Hyperlink You can set a ScreenTip for a hyperlink

18. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 18 Creating a Hyperlink A text hyperlink with its ScreenTip

19. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 19 Using the Compatibility Checker The Compatibility Checker determines what features will not be fully functional when a workbook is saved in a different file format.

20. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 20 Using the Compatibility Checker The Compatibility Checker does not find all problems. A message box may open when a workbook is saved in certain file formats to alert you to additional issues.

21. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 21 Summary Use the INT function to display a value with no decimal positions. The ROUND function adjusts a value up or down, depending on how many digits you use for rounding. It can round to the left or right of the decimal point.

22. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 22 Summary Excel uses a serial number system for dates and times. This allows it to make date and time calculations. In most date and time calculations, you need to convert the results to the proper format. This may require additional arithmetic to change days to years or fractional days to hours.

23. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 23 Summary You can hide a worksheet so that its tab is not visible. A nested function is a function used as an argument for another function. The Conditional Formatting command includes a Top/Bottom Rules setting that formats the highest or lowest values or percentages in a range. Hyperlinks enable you to jump to other files, e-mail addresses, or Web sites.

24. THE PROFESSIONAL APPROACH SERIES © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 24 Summary Workbooks can be saved in a variety of file formats for exchanging data with others. These include CSV text files (comma- separated values) and earlier versions of Excel. The Compatibility Checker scans a workbook before it is saved as an earlier Excel file. It notes features and commands that will not work in the earlier version.