1. Offender DNA Databases
Global Update
Presented by Tim Schellberg
Gordon Thomas Honeywell Governmental Affairs
HID Users Meeting
Brasilia, Brazil
September 5, 2012

2. ARE THE ANSWER CRIMINAL OFFENDER DNA DATABASES SOLVE CRIME
REDUCE CRIME
EXONERATE THE INNOCENT
SAVE MONEY

3. 44 COUNTRIES, OVER 40 MILLION OFFENDER SAMPLES
THE WORLD
ADOPTS DATABASING
44 COUNTRIES, OVER 40 MILLION OFFENDER SAMPLES
Australia
Finland
Netherlands
South Korea
Austria
France
New Zealand
Spain
Barbados
Germany
Macedonia
Sweden
Belarus
Hong Kong
Norway
Switzerland
Belgium
Hungary
Panama
Taiwan
Canada
Iceland
Poland
United Arab Emirates
Chile
Israel
Portugal
United Kingdom
China
Japan
Qatar
United States
Croatia
Jordan
Russia
Cyprus
Kuwait
Slovenia
Denmark
Latvia Lithuania
Slovakia
Estonia
Singapore
These countries have implemented legislation/polices on a national basis to database the DNA of a defined category of criminal offender

4. Countries with Nationwide Criminal DNA Database Programs – Approx
Countries with Nationwide Criminal DNA Database Programs – Approx. Sizes
Databases over 1 Million
Databases 50K or less
China - 12,000,000 (GTH)
Russia - 50,000 (est.)
United States - 10,423,000 (GTH)
Jordan - 40,000 (GTH)
United Kingdom - 4,859,903 (GTH2010)
Singapore - 40,000 (est.)
France - 1,214,511 (GTH2010)
Belarus - 35,000 (GTH)
Chile - 35,000 (est.)
Databases over 100K
Latvia - 32,402 (GTH)
Germany - 746,912 (GTH)
South Korea - 32,295 (GTH)
Canada - 223,735 (GTH)
Hong Kong - 30,000 (GTH est.)
Australia - 200,000 (GTH est.)
Croatia - 29,500 (GTH)
Israel - 170,000 (GTH)
Estonia - 29,274 (GTH2010)
Austria - 129,901 (GTH)
Poland - 28,071 (GTH)
New Zealand - 124,000 (GTH)
Norway - 23,809 ( GTH2010)
Netherlands - 121,272 (GTH)
United Arab Emirates -23,000 (GTH)
Switzerland - 114,364 (GTH2010)
Kuwait - 20,000 (GTH)
Spain - 112,106 (GTH)
Belgium - 18,012 (GTH)
Finland - 112,036 (GTH)
Panama - 15,000 (GTH est.)
Slovakia - 8,216 (GTH2010)
Databases over 50K
Portugal - 6,000 (GTH est.)
Sweden - 99,443 (GTH) Japan - 80,000 (GTH)
Romania - 5,820 (GTH)
Iceland - 5,000 (GTH est.)
Denmark - 77,500 (GTH)
Slovenia - 3,750 (GTH)
Hungary - 75,809 (2010)
Cyprus - 3,000 (GTH est.)
Taiwan - 60,000 (GTH)
Macedonia - 2,449 (GTH)
Barbados - 2,000 (GTH est.)
***In countries that do not have national database programs, we estimate 1-3 million additional samples exist from suspects and volunteers but not placed into national database.  

5. THE WORLD IS POSITIONING
FOR EXPLOSIVE GROWTH
OF OFFENDER DATABASE PROGRAMS
WHO WILL BE NEXT?
India
Algeria
Indonesia
Morocco
Brazil (Leg Passed)
Sri Lanka
Pakistan
Czech Republic
Nigeria
Ireland
Mexico
Uruguay (Leg Pased)
Vietnam
Turkey
Thailand
Italy (Leg passed)
South Africa
Ukraine
Colombia
Kenya
Argentina
Peru
Saudi Arabia
Malaysia (Leg Passed)

6. CODIS IS QUICKLY BECOMING THE
INTERNATIONAL DNA DATABASE SOFTWARE STANDARD 6 6 6
39 countries use CODIS 29 of 44 nationwide programs use CODIS
Country # Labs
Australia (2)
*Argentina (1)
Barbados (1)
Belgium (1)
*Bosnia (1)
*Botswana (1)
Brazil (16)
Canada (8)
*Cayman Islands (1)
Chile (1)
*Colombia (3)
Croatia (1)
*Czech Republic (1)
Country # Labs
Denmark (2)
Estonia (1)
Finland (1)
France (2)
*Georgia (1)
*Greece (1)
Hong Kong (2)
Hungary (1)
Iceland (1)
Israel (1)
*Italy (2)
*Malta (1)
*Mexico (1)
Country # Labs
Republic of Korea (1)
Latvia (1)
Lithuania (1)
Netherlands (1)
Norway (1)
Poland (1)
Portugal (1)
*Romania (1)
Singapore (1)
Slovakia (1)
Spain (7)
Sweden (1)
Switzerland (1)
Countries with CODIS 7.0
* Using CODIS without nationwide offender DNA database program

7. NEW NATIONWIDE IMPLEMENTATIONS
LAST 12 MONTHS
Panama
Law requires DNA from violent/sex offenders, gun owners and police force
Testing underway on criminal offenders
Russia
Law requires testing from violent/sex offenders
Testing has begun on prison population
Kuwait
Currently collecting from some offenders.
Collects from individuals who cannot prove Kuwait citizenship
No specific legislation
Lithuania
All arrestees
All sample destruction

8. IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONWIDE POLICY
IN PROGRESS
Brazil ◊ Saudi Arabia ◊ Oman ◊ Thailand ◊ Argentina ◊ Italy ◊ Greece ◊ Kenya ◊ Ukraine ◊ Malaysia ◊ Brunei ◊ Costa Rica ◊ Uruguay ◊ Trinidad & Tobago

9. IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONWIDE POLICY
IN PROGRESS
Saudi Arabia
Most samples not from criminal offenders, but from immigration and religious visitors
Thailand
Prisoner project positioned to begin in late 2012
Malaysia
Royal Malaysian Police and Department of Chemistry combined to create one of the world’s most comprehensive database policy.

10. LEGAL DECISIONS GLOBAL IMPACT United States United Kingdom
Maryland v. King
Declared Unconstitutional by state supreme court.
STATUS: Under appeal to US Supreme Court. Chief Justice Roberts has granted a temporary stay.
United Kingdom
S and Marper v. United Kingdom

11. HUMAN TRAFFICKING CHINA’S FIGHT AGAINST
Since April 2009 – nearly 39,000 human trafficking cases have been solved.
“The national DNA database is key component of success in China:
Samples from parents compared with:
Street children/criminals
DNA Samples
1,400 children returned to their parents through DNA matches
A database has reduced child trafficking in China.” – Chen Shiqu, Director of the anti-human trafficking office of the Ministry of Public Security.

12. POTENTIAL LEGISLATIVE POLICY
Require DNA from children:
Homeless
Criminal acts
Prostitution
Child labor
Adoption
Proactive collection strategies
Taskforce
Inspection and sampling from at-risk institutions
Orphanages
Prostitution houses
Factories

13. POTENTIAL LEGISLATIVE POLICY
Encourage DNA collection from Parents
Aggressive educational campaign
Considers other relatives if no parents
Sampling of parents is becoming protocol once child reported missing

14. SOUTH AMERICA UPDATE FROM Chile Argentina
Unique government structure will require state by state approach. Cordoba and Buenos Aires to take the lead.
Uruguay
Law passed in 2011
May be taken upon consent from anyone held by law enforcement
May also be taken from crime scenes, from individuals requested by court order, and from officials of the Ministry of Interior, and Ministry of Defense

15. SOUTH AMERICA UPDATE FROM Peru Legislation being developed
Positioning to pass comprehensive database categories in South America
Sent students to Center of Forensic Excellence
Venezuela
DNA testing infrastructure project underway
Paraguay
DNA testing capabilities being developed in partnership with US Government’s ICITAP program
Colombia
Significant testing continues, but still no offender databasing legislation

16. Currently has 30,000 offender samples and 57,000 casework samples
CHILE IS SOUTH AMERICA’S ONLY
NATIONWIDE PROGRAM
Currently has 30,000 offender samples and 57,000 casework samples
The Santiago Times
In 2009, Chile becomes first Latin American country to establish nationwide offender DNA database
Chile’s DNA Lab Director gives Chile President Sebastian Piñera a tour of the new DNA lab.

17. IN BRAZIL LEGISLATIVE SUCCESS
Six years of legislative rejection turns when the impact of a serial murder case comes to light, and the Federal Police and a Senator gets aggressive

18. DNA VICTIM SUPPORT THE MARCO TRIGUEIRO CASE
2006: Brazilian Congress rejects legislation to allow DNA to be taken from every convicted offender.
Released from prison in 2008 for a violent crime conviction - no DNA taken as legislation failed.
Rapes and murders five women in Belo Horizonte during 2009, leaving DNA at all crime scenes
Four of the five murders could have been prevented if the Brazilian Congress would have passed legislation

19. Congress needed to act to save these (4) innocent women.
DNA VICTIM SUPPORT
IS SPREADING INTERNATIONALLY
Adna Feitor Porto
DIED, January 16, 2009
Congress needed to act to save these (4) innocent women.
Ana Carolina
Assuncao
DIED, April 16, 2009
Maria Helena
Lopes Aguilar
DIED, September 16, 2009
Natalia Cristina
De Almeida Paiva
DIED, October 7, 2009
Edna Cordeiro
De Oliveira Freitas
DIED, November 11, 2009

20. LEGISLATIVE CHAMPIONS
Families of BH victims
Brazil Federal Police
Sen. Ciro Nogueira

21. BRAZIL MOVES LEGISLATION
FORWARD
Senator Ciro Nogueira passes DNA law from Senate
President Rousseff signs DNA database law on May 28, 2012

22. ON THE MOVE SOUTH AMERICA
Avoid the European compatibility problem and the need for the complex Prüm system
Think Global searching during implementation
Go higher loci
Go CODIS
Plan together as a region