Logistics English 科学出版社

Logistics English 科学出版社
物流英语 Logistics English 科学出版社

Unit 1 Elements of Logistics
Warm-up Questions What does logistics mean to you? What made logistics a well-recognized business? Work with your partner and try to tell the class what aspects logistics include.

Words and Expressions maneuverability n. maneuver v. /n. 1
1.[countable] a skilful or careful movement that you make, for example in order to avoid something or go through a narrow space eg. A careful driver will often stop talking before carrying out a complex maneuver. 2.[uncountable and countable] a skilful or carefully planned action intended to gain an advantage for yourself eg.They tried by diplomatic maneuvers to obtain an agreement.

flexibility n. 适应性, 机动性 flexible adj. eg. Flexible plastic tubing eg. Our plans are quite flexble. integrated adj. 综合的,完整的 integration n. eg. An integrated transport plan/ an integrated personality eg. The integration of black children into the school system in the Southern States of America

eg. Her statement contains several inaccuracies.
containment n. 阻止, 遏制 contain v. 包含; 控制; 阻止 eg. Until we’d built up sufficient forces to drive the invaders back, we pursued a policy of containment. eg. Her statement contains several inaccuracies. eg. I was so furious that I couldn’t contain myself. eg. Has the revolt been contained ?

1.to not notice something, or not see how important it isￚsynonym miss
overlook v. 1.to not notice something, or not see how important it isￚsynonym miss eg. It is easy to overlook a small detail like that. Nobody could overlook the fact that box office sales were down. 2. to forgive someone's mistake, bad behaviour etc and take no action eg. She found him entertaining enough to overlook his faults. 3. if a house, room etc overlooks something, it has a view of it, usually from above eg. Our room overlooks the ocean.

Proceed v. 1.formal to continue to do something that has already been planned or started proceed with eg. The government was determined to proceed with the election. Before proceeding further, we must define our terms. 2. proceed to do something, to do something after doing something else first - used sometimes to express surprise or annoyance eg. Sammy took off his coat and proceeded to undo his boots. 3. proceed against somebody : to begin a legal case against someone proceed from something :to happen or exist as a result of something eg. ideas that proceed from a disturbed state of mind

adapt v. 1.[intransitive and transitive] to gradually change your behaviour and attitudes in order to be successful in a new situation adapt to eg.The children are finding it hard to adapt to the new school. flowers which are well adapted to harsh winters The ability to adapt is a definite asset in this job. adapt yourself/itself etc (to something) eg.How do these insects adapt themselves to new environments?

2.[transitive] to change something to make it suitable for a different purpose
eg. adapt something to do something The car has been adapted to take unleaded gas. adapt something for somebody These teaching materials can be adapted for older children. 3.[transitive usually passive] if a book or play is adapted for film, television etc, it is changed so that it can be made into a film, television programme etc eg.be adapted for something Many children buy books after they have been adapted for television. 4.adapted adj. eg. She lives in a specially adapted flat.

humble adj. 1.not considering yourself or your ideas to be as important as other people's (opposite proud) eg. modest and humble man 2.having a low social class or position eg. He started his career as a humble peanut farmer. humble background/origins etc Iacocca rose from humble beginnings to become boss of Ford. 3. in my humble opinion, spoken used humorously to give your opinion about something. 4.my humble apologies, British English spoken used humorously to say you are sorry

5.[only before noun] simple and ordinary, but useful or effective
eg. The humble potato may be the key to feeding the world's population. 6. eat humble pie, to admit that you were wrong about something 7. your humble servant, British English old use a formal way of ending a letter 8. somebody's humble abode someone's house or apartment - us

Ultimate adj. 1.someone's ultimate aim is their main and most important aim, that they hope to achieve in the future ￚsynonym final eg. ultimate goal/aim/objective etc. Complete disarmament was the ultimate goal of the conference. Our ultimate objective is to have as many female members of parliament as there are male. 2.the ultimate result of a long process is what happens at the end of it eg. The ultimate outcome of the experiment cannot be predicted. eg. The ultimate fate of the tribe was even sadder. the ultimate failure of the project

3. if you have ultimate responsibility for something, you are the person who must make the important final decisions about it eg. The ultimate responsibility for policy lies with the President. The ultimate decision rests with the Public Health Service. 4. better, bigger, worse etc than all other things or people of the same kind eg. 'The Rolling Stones' is the ultimate rock and roll band. The female nude is surely the ultimate test of artistic skill.

Unit 2 Global Logistics Warm-up Questions
Say as much as you can about Schneider National Mexico Name three big names in logistics flows

Entangle 1.to make something become twisted and caught in a rope, net etc entangle in/with Small animals can get entangled in the net. 2.to involve someone in an argument, a relationship, or a situation that is difficult to escape from entangle somebody in something fears that the US could get entangled in another war be entangled with somebody I didn't want to become entangled with my best friend's wife.

Hook v. 1 ▶FISH◀ to catch a fish with a hook I hooked a 20-pound salmon last week. 2 ▶FASTEN◀ [always + adverb/preposition] to fasten or hang something onto something else hook something onto/to something Just hook the bucket onto the rope and lower it down. 3 ▶BEND YOUR FINGER/ARM ETC◀ [always + adverb/preposition] to bend your finger, arm, or leg, especially so that you can pull or hold something else Ruth hooked her arm through Tony's. He tried to hook his leg over the branch.

Unify v. past tense and past participle unified present participle unifying third person singular unifies [intransitive and transitive]if you unify two or more parts or things, or if they unify, they are combined to make a single unit ￚsynonym unite ￚopposite divideStrong support for the war has unified the nation.His music unifies traditional and modern themes.

Ambitious adj. 1.determined to be successful, rich, powerful etc Alfred was intensely ambitious, obsessed with the idea of becoming rich. ambitious for mothers who are highly ambitious for their children (=who want their children to be successful) 2. an ambitious plan, idea etc shows a desire to do something good but difficult an ambitious engineering project an over-ambitious health reform program

Consolidate v. 1. to strengthen the position of power or success that you have, so that it becomes more effective or continues for longer The company has consolidated its position as the country's leading gas supplier. The team consolidated their lead with a third goal. 2. to combine things in order to make them more effective or easier to deal with We consolidate information from a wide range of sources. They took out a loan to consolidate their debts. The company is planning to consolidate its business activities at a new site in Arizona.

Retain v. 1 .to keep something or continue to have something You have the right to retain possession of the goods. The state wants to retain control of food imports. 2. to store or keep something inside something else A lot of information can be retained in your computer. 3. to remember information I find it very difficult to retain facts. 4. if you retain a lawyer or other specialist, you pay them to work for you now and in the future He has retained a lawyer to challenge the court's decision.

Tremendous adj. 1. very big, fast, powerful etc Suddenly, there was a tremendous bang, and the whole station shook. She was making a tremendous effort to appear calm. She praised her husband for the tremendous support he had given her. Sales have been tremendous so far this year. This plan could save us a tremendous amount of money. 2 .excellent She's got a tremendous voice, hasn't she? tremendously adverb tremendously wealthy

Boom v. 1. if business, trade, or a particular area is booming, it is increasing and being very successful Business was booming , and money wasn't a problem. Tourism on the island has boomed. 2. also boom (something ↔) out [transitive] to say something in a loud deep voice 'Ladies and gentlemen,' his voice boomed out. 3. also boom out [intransitive] to make a loud deep sound Guns boomed in the distance. booming adjective a booming economy

Unit 3 Inventory Management
Warm-up Questions Describe the types of decisions within an organization, beginning with a mission. How do you think decisions should be made now? Why? What is Just-in-Time inventory management?

Collapse v. 1. if a building, wall etc collapses, it falls down suddenly, usually because it is weak or damaged Uncle Ted's chair collapsed under his weight. The roof had collapsed long ago. 2. to suddenly fall down or become unconscious because you are ill or weak He collapsed with a heart attack while he was dancing. Marion's legs collapsed under her. 3. if a system, idea, or organization collapses, it suddenly fails or becomes too weak to continue The luxury car market has collapsed. I thought that without me the whole project would collapse.

Offset v. past tense and past participle offset present participle offsetting 1. if the cost or amount of something offsets another cost or amount, the two things have an opposite effect so that the situation remains the same Cuts in prices for milk, butter, and cheese will be offset by direct payments to farmers. offset something against something He was able to offset his travel expenses against tax. 2. to make something look better by being close to it and different His blonde hair offset a deep tan.

Impose v. 1. if someone in authority imposes a rule, punishment, tax etc, they force people to accept it The court can impose a fine or a prison sentence. 2. to force someone to have the same ideas, beliefs etc as you impose something on somebody parents who impose their own moral values on their children 3. formal to expect or ask someone to do something for you when this is not convenient for them impose on/upon We could ask to stay the night, but I don't want to impose on them.

Sustain v. 1. to make something continue to exist or happen for a period of time She found it difficult to sustain the children's interest. He was incapable of sustaining close relationships with women. the policies necessary to sustain economic growth 2. formal to suffer damage, an injury, or loss of money Two of the fire-fighters sustained serious injuries. Some nearby buildings sustained minor damage. 3. formal if food or drink sustains a person, animal, or plant, it makes them able to continue living They gave me barely enough food to sustain me.

Luxury n. plural luxuries 1. very great comfort and pleasure, such as you get from expensive food, beautiful houses, cars etc in luxury She stole to keep her boyfriend in luxury. He was leading a life of luxury in Australia. 2. something expensive that you do not need, but you buy for pleasure and enjoyment luxuries like chocolate and perfume 3. to have something that is very pleasant or convenient, that you are not always able to have For the first time in three years, they actually had the luxury of a whole day together.

Embrace v. 1.to put your arms around someone and hold them in a friendly or loving way Jack warmly embraced his son. Maggie and Laura embraced. 2.formal to eagerly accept a new idea, opinion, religion We hope these regions will embrace democratic reforms. Most West European countries have embraced the concept of high-speed rail networks with enthusiasm. 3. formal to include something as part of a subject, discussion etc This course embraces several different aspects of psychology.

Senior adj. 1. having a higher position, level, or rank the senior Democrat on the House committee White men hold most of the jobs in senior management . the senior partner in a law firm senior to He is also a diplomat, but senior to me. 2. [only before noun] British English a senior competition is for older people or for people at a more advanced level I won the 60 metre race, my first senior success.

Constraint n. 1. something that limits your freedom to do what you want Constraints on spending have forced the company to rethink its plans. financial/environmental/political etc constraints There have been financial and political constraints on development. impose/place constraints on somebody/something constraints imposed on teachers by large class sizes 2.control over the way people are allowed to behave, so that they cannot do what they want freedom from constraint

Rigid adj. 1. rigid methods, systems etc are very strict and difficult to change rigid and authoritarian methods of education 2. someone who behaves in a rigid way is very unwilling to change their ideas or behaviour rigid adherence to old-fashioned ideas 3 stiff and not moving or bending rigid plastic 4. used to describe someone who cannot move, especially because they are very frightened, shocked, or angry

Unit 4 Warehousing Warm-up Questions
In what aspect can manufacturers and customers benefit from strategic warehousing? Talk about the function of information technology in achieving maximum flexibility in warehousing Why do web firms find it necessary to build warehouses?

Evolve v. 1. if an animal or plant evolves, it changes gradually over a long period of time Fish evolved from prehistoric sea creatures. Animals have evolved camouflage to protect themselves from predators. 2. to develop and change gradually over a long period of time The school has evolved its own style of teaching. Businesses need to evolve rapidly. The idea evolved out of work done by British scientists. evolve into The group gradually evolved into a political party.

Engineer v. 1. to make something happen by skilful secret planning powerful enemies who engineered his downfal Perhaps she could engineer a meeting between them? 2. to change the genetic structure of a plant, animal etc the dangers of engineering native plants genetically engineered crops 3.technical to design and plan the building of roads, bridges, machines, etc

Associate v. 1. to make a connection in your mind between one thing or person and another associate somebody/something with something I don't associate him with energetic sports. 2. be associated (with somebody/something) a) to be related to a particular subject, activity etc problems associated with cancer treatment b) also associate yourself with somebody/something to show that you support someone or something He did not associate himself with the pro-democracy movement.

Payoff n. 1. an advantage or profit that you get as a result of doing something With electric cars there is a big environmental payoff. 2. a payment that is made to someone, often illegally, in order to stop them from causing you trouble Union leaders allegedly received huge payoffs from the company's bosses. 3. a payment made to someone when they are forced to leave their job The average payoff to staff was about £2000.

Recruit v. 1. to find new people to work in a company, join an organization, do a job etc We're having difficulty recruiting enough qualified staff. 2. to get people to join the army, navy etc Most of the men in the village were recruited that day. 3.to persuade someone to do something for you recruit somebody to do something I recruited three of my friends to help me move.

Steep adj. 1. a road, hill etc that is steep slopes at a high angle The road became rocky and steep. a steep climb to the top 2. steep prices, charges etc are unusually expensive opposite low steep rents 3. involving a big increase or decrease steep cuts in benefits steep increase/rise a steep increase in house prices steep decrease/drop a steep drop in orders

Integral adj. 1. forming a necessary part of something Vegetables are an integral part of our diet. integral to Statistics are integral to medical research. 2. [usually before noun] provided as part of something, rather than being separate a TV and integral video recorder

Dedicate v. 1. to give all your attention and effort to one particular thing dedicate yourself/your life to something The actress now dedicates herself to children's charity work. 2. to say at the beginning of a book or film, or before a piece of music, that it has been written, made, or performed for someone that you love or respect dedicate something to somebody The book was dedicated to her husband.

3. to state in an official ceremony that a building will be given someone's name in order to show respect for them 4. to use a place, time, money etc only for a particular purpose dedicate something to/for something The company dedicated $50,000 for the study.

Unit 5 Packaging Warm-up Questions
What are the advantages of using a standardized master carton in the case of the shoe retailer? Give definitions to primary and secondary packaging and tell the class the function of each What problems has globalization of products brought about?

Cube 1.a solid object with six equal square sides a sugar cube an ice cube Cut the meat into small cubes. 2.the cube of something the number you get when you multiply a number by itself twice, for example 4 x 4 x 4 = 64, so the cube of 4 is 64 Overall adj. [only before noun] considering or including everything The overall cost of the exhibition was £400,000. The overall result is an increase in population. An overall winner and a runner-up were chosen. We don't want all the details now, just the overall picture.

Objective n. 1. something that you are trying hard to achieve, especially in business or politics synonym goal :He vowed to achieve certain objectives before the end of his presidency. the best way to accomplish your objectives The degree program has two main objectives . Managers should set specific performance objectives for their teams. A clear objective was set and adhered to.One of your first business objectives should be to get your own office. 2. a place that you are trying to reach, especially in a military attack The 4th Division's objective was a town twenty miles to the east.

Generate v. 1.to produce or cause something synonym create a useful technique for generating new ideas The program would generate a lot of new jobs. generate revenue/profits/income etc Tourism generates income for local communities. generate excitement/interest/support etc The project generated enormous interest. 2. to produce heat, electricity, or another form of energy Wind turbines generate electricity for the local community.

Justify v. 1. to give an acceptable explanation for something that other people think is unreasonable Ministers must appear before parliament and justify their actions. justify doing something How can we justify spending so much money on arms? justify yourself 2. to be a good and acceptable reason for something Nothing justifies murdering another human being. 3.technical to arrange lines of words on a page or computer screen so that they form a straight edge on both the right and left sides

Temper v. [transitive] 1. formal to make something less severe or extreme temper something with/by something The heat in this coastal town is tempered by cool sea breezes. 2. to make metal as hard as is needed by heating it and then putting it in cold water tempered steel

Disperse v. [intransitive and transitive] 1. if a group of people disperse or are dispersed, they go away in different directions Police used tear gas to disperse the crowd. 2. if something disperses or is dispersed, it spreads in different directions over a wide area The clouds dispersed as quickly as they had gathered.

Potential adj. [only before noun] likely to develop into a particular type of person or thing in the future synonym :possible potential customer/buyer/client new ways of attracting potential customers potential benefit/problem the potential benefits of the new system potential danger/threat/risk the potential risks to health associated with the drug

Dynamic n. 1. dynamics a) [plural] the way in which things or people behave, react, and affect each other dynamics of the dynamics of the family He did research on group dynamics and leadership styles. b) [uncountable] the science relating to the movement of objects and the forces involved in movement c) [plural] changes in how loudly music is played or sung 2.[singular] formal something that causes action or change dynamic of She regards class conflict as a central dynamic of historical change.

Unit 6 Transportation: Air, Marine and Ground
Warm-up Questions Compared to rail, water and pipeline, why is the fixed cost of air transport low? What are the advantages and disadvantages of air croft? Why is an effective transportation system very important?

Schedule v. [transitive usually passive] to plan that something will happen at a particular time be scheduled for June/Monday etc The elections are scheduled for mid-June. be scheduled for release/publication/completion etc Her first album is scheduled for release in September. be scheduled to do something Meetings are scheduled to take place all over the country. scheduled flight/service (=a plane service that flies at the same time every day or every week)

Erratic adj. something that is erratic does not follow any pattern or plan but happens in a way that is not regular His breathing was becoming erratic. She found it hard to cope with his erratic behavior. erratically / -kli / adverb He always drives erratically

Via prep. 1. travelling through a place on the way to another place We flew to Athens via Paris. 2. using a particular person, machine etc to send something I sent a message to Kitty via her sister. You can access our homepage via the Internet.

Inventory n. plural inventories 1. [countable] a list of all the things in a place inventory of We made an inventory of everything in the apartment. 2.[uncountable and countable] American English all the goods in a shop ￚsynonym stock

Moderate adj. 1. not very large or very small, very hot or very cold, very fast or very slow etc Even moderate amounts of alcohol can be dangerous. a moderate degree of success a student of only moderate ability Moderate exercise, such as walking or swimming, is recommended. Bake the pie for 30 minutes in a moderate oven. moderate to strong winds

2. having opinions or beliefs, especially about politics, that are not extreme and that most people consider reasonable opposite extreme the more moderate members of the party a moderate politician 3. staying within reasonable or sensible limits opposite immoderate a moderate smoker moderate wage demands ￚsee also moderately

Counteract v. [transitive] to reduce or prevent the bad effect of something, by doing something that has the opposite effect They gave him drugs to counteract his withdrawal symptoms.

Tandem n. [countable] 1. a bicycle built for two riders sitting one behind the other 2. in tandem doing something together or at the same time as someone or something else The two companies often work in tandem. in tandem with The group operated in tandem with local criminals.

Unit 7 Essentials of Supply Chain Management
Warm-up Questions Why is performance cycle longer now than before? What is the features of international transportation? Could you explain what systems integration is?

Merger n. [countable] the joining together of two or more companies or organizations to form one larger one merger of/between a proposed merger between two of the largest software companies merger with There has been a lot of talk about a merger with another leading bank. merger negotiations

Lag v. 1.[intransitive and transitive] to move or develop more slowly than others lag behind She stopped to wait for Ian who was lagging behind. Britain is lagging behind the rest of Europe. 2.[transitive] British English to cover water pipes etc with a special material to prevent the water inside them from freezing or the heat from being lost We've had the hot-water tank lagged.

Alignment n. 1.[uncountable] the state of being arranged in a line with something or parallel to something alignment of the geometrical alignment of the Sun, Moon and Earth at the eclipse out of/into alignment The wheels were out of alignment. 2.[uncountable and countable] support given by one country or group to another in politics, defense etc alignment with their military alignment with the US

Agile adj. 1. able to move quickly and easily Dogs are surprisingly agile. 2. someone who has an agile mind is able to think very quickly and intelligently He was physically strong and mentally agile. ￚagility / noun [uncountable] With surprising agility, Karl darted across the road.

Impetus n. [uncountable] 1. an influence that makes something happen or makes it happen more quickly impetus for The report may provide further impetus for reform. The discovery gave fresh impetus to the research. 2. technical the force that makes an object start moving, or keeps it moving

Unit 8 Organizing for Effective Logistics
Warm-up Questions What is supply chain management? What does logistics management process mean? Could you tell the difference between vertical and horizontal organization?

Appealing adj. 1. attractive or interesting ￚopposite unappealing The city offers an appealing combination of sporting and cultural events. It creates an atmosphere which visitors find so appealing . 2. appealing look/expression/voice etc a look etc that shows that someone wants help or sympathy 'Are you sure it's okay?' she said with an appealing smile. ￚappealingly adverb She looked appealingly at Ben.

Radical adj. 1. ▶CHANGE/DIFFERENCE◀ a radical change or difference is very big and important They are proposing radical changes to the way the company is run. a radical reform of the tax system There are radical differences between the two organizations. 2. ▶OPINIONS◀ radical ideas are very new and different, and are against what most people think or believe He has put forward some very radical ideas . I was shocked by her radical views. a radical approach to education

3. ▶PEOPLE◀ someone who is radical has ideas that are very new and different, and against what most people think or believe a radical left-wing politician a radical feminist 4. ▶GOOD◀ American English informal very good or enjoyable That was one radical party last night! ￚradically adverb a radically different method of production a radically new approach to the problem

Distinguishing adj. 1. [intransitive and transitive] to recognize and understand the difference between two or more things or people ￚsynonym differentiate distinguish between His attorney argued that Cope could not distinguish between right and wrong. distinguish somebody/something from a method of distinguishing cancer cells from normal tissue 2. [transitive not in progressive] to be the thing that makes someone or something different or special The factor that distinguishes this company from the competition is customer service.

distinguishing feature/mark/characteristic The main distinguishing feature of this species is the leaf shape. 3.[transitive not in progressive] written to be able to see the shape of something or hear a particular sound The light was too dim for me to distinguish anything clearly. 4. distinguish yourself to do something so well that people notice and remember you He distinguished himself on several occasions in the civil war.

Guarantee v. 1 a) to promise to do something or to promise that something will happen guarantee (that) I guarantee you'll love this film. guarantee somebody something If you send the application form in straight away, I can guarantee you an interview. guarantee to do something I cannot guarantee to work for more than a year. The law guarantees equal rights for men and women. b) to make a formal written promise to repair or replace a product if it breaks within a specific period of time All our products are fully guaranteed . guarantee something against something The stereo is guaranteed against failure for a year. ▶LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE◀

2 ▶LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE◀
to promise that you will pay back money that someone else has borrowed, if they do not pay it back themselves The bank will only lend me money if my parents guarantee the loan. 3 ▶CERTAIN◀ to make it certain that something will happen In movies, talent by no means guarantees success. guarantee that The built-in thermostat guarantees that the water remains at the same temperature all the time. be guaranteed to do something This latest incident is guaranteed to make the situation worse. be guaranteed something Even if you complete your training, you aren't guaranteed a job.

Divert v. [transitive] 1. to change the use of something such as time or money divert something into/to/(away) from etc something The company should divert more resources into research. Officials diverted revenue from arms sales to the rebels. 2. to change the direction in which something travels divert a river/footpath/road etc Canals divert water from the Truckee River into the lake. The high street is closed and traffic is being diverted .

3. if you divert your telephone calls, you arrange for them to go directly to another number, for example because you are not able to answer them yourself for some time Remember to divert your phone when you are out of the office. 4. to deliberately take someone's attention from something by making them think about or notice other things divert (somebody's) attention (away from somebody/something) The crime crackdown is an attempt to divert attention from social problems.He'd been trying to divert suspicion away from himself. 5. formal to amuse or entertain someone

Unit 9 Logistics Information Management
Warm-up Questions What are the benefits of EDI? How do we run EDI? Talk about the importance of information technology

Edit v. 1. [intransitive and transitive] to prepare a book, piece of film etc for printing or broadcasting by removing mistakes or parts that are not acceptable The newspaper edits letters before printing them. 2.[transitive] to prepare a book or article for printing by deciding what to include and in what order a collection of essays edited by John Gay 3[transitive] to prepare a film by deciding what to include and in what order 4[transitive] to be responsible for the information that is included in a newspaper, magazine etc She used to edit the Observer.

Substitute v. 1.[transitive] to use something new or different instead of something else substitute something for something The recipe says you can substitute yoghurt for the sour cream. 2. [intransitive] to do someone's job until the person who usually does it is able to do it again substitute for Bill substituted for Larry, who was off sick. 3. [transitive] to replace someone with another person especially another player Michael Owen had to be substituted after 20 minutes on the field.

Paramount adj. formal more important than anything else During a war the interests of the state are paramount, and those of the individual come last. Women’s role as mothers is of paramount importance to society.

Virtual adj. [only before noun] 1. very nearly a particular thing Car ownership is a virtual necessity when you live in the country. Finding a cheap place to rent is a virtual impossibility in this area. 2. made, done, seen etc on the Internet or on a computer, rather than in the real world The website allows you to take a virtual tour of the art gallery. constructing virtual worlds

Perceive v. 1. written to understand or think of something or someone in a particular way ￚsee also perception perceive something/somebody as something Even as a young woman she had been perceived as a future chief executive. perceive something/somebody to be something Often what is perceived to be aggression is simply fear. Children who do badly in school tests often perceive themselves to be failures. 2. formal to notice, see, or recognize something ￚsee also perceptive That morning, he perceived a change in Franca's mood. Cats are not able to perceive colour.

Audit n. [uncountable and countable] 1. an official examination of a company's financial records in order to check that they are correct the annual audit internal audit (=an audit carried out by a company's own staff) 2. formal a detailed examination of something in order to check if it is good enough Start with an audit of existing services within the community.

Unit 10 Logistics Engineering and Management
Warm-up Questions How do people minimize logistic cost? How can we confirm logistical strategy? What is threshold service? How can we get competitive advantages?

Compress v. 1. [intransitive and transitive] to press something or make it smaller so that it takes up less space, or to become smaller Light silk is best for parachutes, as it compresses well and then expands rapidly. compress something into something Snow falling on the mountainsides is compressed into ice. 2.[intransitive and transitive] to make a computer file smaller by using a special computer program, which makes the file easier to store or send, or to become smaller in this way The program compresses any data saved to the disk.

3[transitive]to write or express something using fewer words
ￚsynonym condense compress something into something In this chapter we compress into summary form the main issues discussed so far. 4. [transitive ]to reduce the amount of time that it takes for something to happen or be done compress something into something Many couples want to compress their childbearing into a short space of time in their married life.

Rehash v. [transitive] 1. to use the same ideas again in a new form that is not really different or better - used to show disapproval He simply rehashed the same story. 2. to repeat something that was discussed earlier, especially in an annoying way This issue has been rehashed so many times already. ￚrehash noun [countable] It was just a rehash of last year's show.

Tailor v. to make something so that it is exactly right for someone's particular needs or for a particular purpose tailor something to something Treatment is tailored to the needs of each patient. tailor something to meet/suit somebody's needs/requirements The classes are tailored to suit learners' needs. tailor something for somebody We tailored the part specifically for her.

Amid prep. 1. while noisy, busy, or confused events are happening - used in writing or news reports The dollar has fallen in value amid rumors of weakness in the US economy. Demonstrators ripped up the national flag amid shouts of 'Death to the tyrants!' 2.literary among or surrounded by things He sat amid the trees.

Paradigm n. [countable] 1.technical a model or example that shows how something works or is produced paradigm of the basic paradigm of the family tree 2.formal a very clear or typical example of something Pius XII remained the paradigm of what a pope should be. paradigmatic adjective paradigmatically adverb

Marginal adj. 1. a marginal change or difference is too small to be important a marginal increase in the unemployment figures a marginal improvement in profits 2. technical relating to a change in cost, value etc when one more thing is produced, one more dollar is earned etc marginal revenue 3. marginal seat/constituency British English a seat in a parliament or similar institution, which can be won or lost by a small number of votes

Thank you!

Logistics English 科学出版社

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "Logistics English 科学出版社"— Presentation transcript:

Similar presentations

About project

Feedback

Log in

Auth with social network:

Logistics English 科学出版社

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "Logistics English 科学出版社"— Presentation transcript:

Similar presentations

About project

Feedback