1. The Delta3D Gaming and Simulation Engine: An Open Source Approach to Serious Games Curtis Conkey: NETC Rudy Darken: MOVES Institute Perry McDowell: MOVES Institute Erik Johnson: MOVES Institute

2. Purpose MOVES builds and does research on training applications, why did they build an open source engine? To fill the need for a cheap, easy to use system to build training systems; there were no open source solutions that fully met requirements

3. Why hasn’t M&S become a mainstream part of every service member’s training? It’s not ubiquitous … not even close yet Too few products Still costs way too much, Takes way too long to get products to the warfighter, and We still deliver products that don’t fit user requirements. Why?

4. Assumptions What do we typically assume before we acquire any training system? This thing is going to be expensive Better find lots of customers to make a business case for it It’ll be years before it’s done

5. Project Failures 2004 Infoworld, 8-16-04, p. 42

6. The problem with BIG software 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 102345 Percent Change in Requirements Function Points Impossible to build Feasible

7. Take Aways 1.Expensive projects tend to fail. 2.Projects with very large numbers of developers tend to fail. 3.Large projects with many function points tend to fail. 4.Projects with rapidly changing requirements tend to fail.

8. The “Revolution” in Training The CNO has made it clear that simulations and games are a big part of his plan to bring training to all parts of the Navy. All Sailors, Soldiers, and Marines need training Let’s make sure that they all benefit from M&S products –Next year, not in five years… We can’t give him what he’s asking for unless we solve these issues.

9. Why Use Game Based Training? More Navy training is being done out of the “schoolhouse” Need to do something to catch Sailors’ attention Training Sailors in a way that makes them want to be trained more Training is much more effective when the learners are actively engaged

10. Current Methodology Determine Training Requirement Determine Training Objective Classroom Media Interactive Multimedia Instruction Simulation Stimulation Distributed Learning TSA Existing Skill Base Required Skill Base Evaluate Alternatives Tactical Training Equipment Embedded TSA - Training Situation Analysis TSAR - Training Systems Alternatives Report TSAR Cost/resources Effectiveness analysis Technology Assessment Media Analysis TraditionalGaming B

11. Current Methodology Requirements functional description Define Contract Scope License Award Contract Accept Product Build Training App. Use Proprietary game engine technology Field Application New requirements Waterfall Dev. Training Effectiveness Eval. Vendor Available? Gone Time No Start Over B B

12. Very Successful Model Marine Doom Close Combat: Marines America’s Army Full Spectrum Warrior To name just a few….

13. Proprietary Models Do Not Always Apply Why? Flexibility –Restrictive license agreements –Long cycle times between upgrades Need that source code Affordability –GE license fees / recurring fees Over-Kill –Don’t require latest graphics card effects –Stay out of the upgrade cycle - MS / Intel Size –Small project - economics unattractive to vendors

14. Our Approach We’re building an open source game-based simulation engine The goal is to drive development costs of training games down to: –Raise the probability of success for each product –Target specific training needs, bring developers in contact with fleet customers –Bring training “games” to anyone, anytime, anyplace

15. Delta3D HierarchyOpen S SS Source M MM Modules Delta3D Application

16. Delta3D Open Source Gaming Engine Combination of Best of Breed OS Components Active Development Community Offers whatever the community develops Seed funding from NPS, NETC & JNTC 1 FLTK TinyXML Data Windows Linux Windows Linux GUI 1: NPS = Naval Postgraduate School, NETC = Naval Education and Training Command, JNTC = Joint National Training Capability

17. Feature Summary Delta3D Summary Features – OpenGL rendering – Character animation – Realistic physics – Hi-level classes (rapid development) – 2D/3D audio – Multiple file formats – Python scripting – Multiple terrain rendering methods – Particle systems – HLA networking – Distributed rendering – Advanced environmentals – Abstracted input devices – Record/playback capabilities Content Creation Tools – 3D model viewer – Graphical particle editor – BSP compiler No added run time costs Cross platform compatible Maintained by a dedicated team User support forums

18. Delta3D Methodology Requirements functional description Define Contract Scope Spec Delta3d Award Contract Accept Product With Code Build Training App. Use Delta3d Field Application Training Effectiveness Eval. B New requirements Spiral Dev.

19. Delta3D Examples FOPCSIM – Forward Observer Trainer CSAR Demo – Uses derivative of an America’s Army Level Plane Guard – Water and Particle Engine Fire Fighter Demo – FPS Style Trainer Physics Demo – Dynamics Engine

20. Time to commoditize game based solutions Gaming technology is another tool in our training toolbox