1. M. Tarantini Faro, April 1st, 2014 Sustainable Industrial Buildings: A Mediterranean guideline

2. 2 Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline “But our definition is making buildings that work. And green buildings are buildings that work better than normal. They work well. They’re more durable, they’re more energy efficient, they’re more comfortable, they’re more healthy, they are more flexible and adaptable. They just do a good job of being an industrial building. Improving our buildings is the cheapest way to deal with pollution, energy, and resource issues” From http://www.greenbuildingadvisor.com/blogs/dept/building-science/why-does- green-building-matter-part-2-building-science-podcast What do we mean with sustainable buildings?

3. 3 Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline Source: R. Reed et alii, “A Comparison of International Sustainable Building Tools – An Update” The 17 th Annual Pacific Rim Real Estate Society Conference, Gold Coast, 16-19 January 2011 Many rating tools have been modified and adopted from earlier models that were originally developed in other countries. For example, it is possible to trace many systems back to the LEED and BREEAM rating systems. Spreading of building rating systems

4. Provide a common set of criteria and targets and a verifiable method and framework that can help professionals to design, construct and manage buildings more sustainably; Encourage best practices and stimulate the market for sustainable construction. Help in raising awareness of environmental issues and standards; Benefits of Sustainable building rating systems 4 Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline

5. 5 Macro categories BreeamDGNBIGBC (India)País VascoEnvironment Park Management XX Health&wellbeing/indoor environmental quality XXXX Energy XXXX Transport/mobility XX Water XXX Drinking water X Grey water X Material XXXX Waste XX Land use and ecology/site selection&planning XXX Pollution X Air pollution X Innovation XX Maintenance plan X Performance monitoring X Ecosystem X Ecological quality X Economic quality X Socio-cultural and functional quality X Technical quality X Process quality X Site quality X Total 1066 7 Sustainable industrial buildings: a comparison of the criteria adopted by different schemes

6. 6 Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline CountrySchemes ItalyITACA, LEED, Environment Park, SpainVERDE, Pais Vasco, LEED FranceHQE, RT 2012 Greece Malta Bosnia Diffusion of Sustainable buildings rating systems in MED countries

7. 7 Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline Reference document: “ Guias de edification ambientalmente sostenibile Edificios industriales” edited by Ihobe and Sprilur MEID activities: Use of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to support the weighting of different aspects; adapt the content of the guide to the Mediterranean context MEID guide for eco-efficient industrial buildings http://www.medmeid.eu/wp- content/uploads/2013/03/MEID_guide_electronic.pdf Aim:- Encourage best practices and stimulate the market. - Raising awareness on environmental issues and standards;.

8. 8 Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline AREA OF ACTIONDEFINITION MATERIALS Reduced consumption of non-renewable raw materials ENERGY Reduced consumption of energy and/or generation of energy based on non-renewable sources DRINKING WATER Reduced consumption of drinking water GREYWATER Reduced generation of grey water ATMOSPHERE Reduced emission of gases, dust, heat and luminous energy INDOOR QUALITY: INDOOR AIR QUALITY/ COMFORT/ HEALTH Improved quality of interior air, comfort and health WASTE Reduced generation of solid waste LAND USE Reduced land occupation MOBILITY AND TRANSPORT Reduced transport processes and improved personal ECOSYSTEMS Improved operation of natural areas and increased biodiversity Organization of the guide: 10 areas of action, 88 measures

9. 9 Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline Agent implied in the implementation of the measure: Public Administration The Developer Project team The construction company or contractor (includes subcontractors) Manufacturers (suppliers of materials, products and machinery (either owned or rented) Person(s) in charge of maintenance. Building process stage: Urban planning Design Construction Use and maintenance End-of-life Chapter: Planning and design (General issues ) Materials (general issues) Previous work and earthworks Foundation and structure Roofing External walls (Facades) Partition walls Woodwork Paving Equipment and fittings Classification criteria of the measures of the Guide

10. 10 Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline Assessment process of the measures Example: measure I-045 “Cover the building with a green roof” Energy GreywaterEcosystems Maximum scores Percentage of roof covered in vegetation Energy points Greywater points Ecosystems points When the area covered with vegetation represents 30-59% of the roof surface 1.00 2.00 When the area covered with vegetation represents at least 60% of the roof surface 2.004.00 Possibility of evaluating partial results

11. 11 Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline MAXIMUM RATING: DESCRIPTION: ….. SCOPE OF APPLICATION: (Stakeholder involved: Project team, Head of maintenance; Stage: Urban planning, Design; Chapter: Planning and design) TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: ….. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE MEASURE: …… RELATED MEASURES: I-070; I-071; I-075 REQUIREMENTS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE WITH THE MEASURE: Construction project, Work completion QUANTIFICATION OF THE MEASURE: see the following slide Example: Measure I–011: Reuse collected rainwater for the irrigation of green spaces and other uses Drinking waterGreywater

12. 12 Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline Recovery of rainwater to replace consumption of drinking water Greywater Points Drinking Water Points Rainwater for sanitary purposes (0-15%) + 1,00 + 1,50 Rainwater for sanitary purposes (15-30%) 2,002,50 Rainwater for sanitary purposes (>30%) 3,003,50 Rainwater for irrigation of green spaces or cleaning of vehicles +1,00+1,50 Rainwater for cleaning of roads and similar uses +1,00- Quantification of measure I–011 Reuse collected rainwater for the irrigation of green spaces and other uses

13. Weighting factors: A unique score for the entire building 13 Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline

14. 14 Materials Fp= 0.19 Reduced consumption of non- renewable raw materials 12345 Indoor environment Fp=0.05 Improved quality of interior air, comfort and health 12345 Energy Fp=0.30 Reduced use of non renw. energy 12345 Waste Fp= 0.08 Reduced generation of solid waste 12345 Drinking water Fp=0.06 Reduced consumption of drinking water 12345 Land use Fp=0.03 Reduced land occupation 12345 Grey water Fp=0.05 Reduced generation of greywater0 12345 Air Fp= 0.03 Reduced emission of gases, dust, heat and luminous energy 12345 Mobility and Transport 0.12 Reduced transport processes and improved personal mobility 12345 Ecosystems Fp=0.09 Improved operation of natural areas and increased biodiversity 12345 Areas of actions and weight factors of MEID guideline Contents 88 good practices divided in 10 evaluation categories; A weighting system which allows to get a unique score for the whole building Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline

15. Life Cycle Assessment definition and phases Inventory analysis Impact assessment Goal and scope definition Interpretation Direct applications: Product development and improvement Strategic planning Public policy making Marketing Other Life cycle assessment framework LCA is a technique for assessing the environmental aspects and potential impacts associated with a product or system (ISO 14040-14044) 15 Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline

16. Impact assessment and interpretation phases of LCA Inventory Classification Caracterization Evaluation CO 2 CH 4 CFC N 2 O Global warming CH 3 Br Ozone depletion NH 3 NO x SO x NH 4 + Acidification Eutrophication GWP ODP AP NP Selection of a indicator which defines the environmental characteristics of a product or system Results interpretation 16

17. Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline Eco-efficient = Energy efficient? From: Environmental Improvement Potentials of Residential Buildings (IMPRO-Building) 17 Environmental impact of building life cycle phases (EU25)

18. 18 Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline LCA case studies on industrial buildings

19. Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline Roof: concrete tiles Structure: precast concrete Net Area 1500 m 2 Use phase: neither heated nor cooled Use phase: Lighting energy estimated (LENI index UNI 15193 Class 137,5 kWh/m 2 y) External walls: precast concrete panels 19 2° LCA study (“Eurofly” building, Sgarioto company, Ragusa, Italy)

20. Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline Processes non included in the system Raw materials for maintenance and lighting system No heating (most common local typology) No air conditioning (most common local typology) All the industrial processes within the building 20 Processes included in the system Raw material production Transports Use phase (energy for lighting has been estimated UNI EN 15193) Transport to client Assembling and dismantling phase End of life: concrete, glass and metals to recycling System boundaries of the LCA study

21. Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline Contribution of shed life cycle to Greenhouse Effects Concrete 5%3% 1% 90% 1% Steel Electricity in use phase Transfer to recovery 21

22. Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline Main LCA results 22 Acidification 95% 4% 1% 87% 9% 4% 3% Eutrophication Upstream Construction phase Downstream Photochemical oxidant formation 88% 9% Contribution of shed life cycle to AP, POCP, EP

23. With the most common construction standards the main environmental impacts are due to the use phase of the sheds (energy production impacts); We need to design buildings according to the expected working life increasing therefore flexibility and adaptability; There is a strong need to raise awareness on environmental issues and standards and encourage best practices 23 Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline Conclusions

24. 24 Sustainable Industrial Buildings A Mediterranean guideline Thank You for your attention http://www.merproject.eu/ mario.tarantini@enea.it