1. 2014 Applied Demography Conference Reporting of Race Among Hispanics: Analysis of ACS Data Howard Hogan, Ph.D. Chief Demographer US Census Thursday, January 9, 2014 University of Texas, San Antonio Any views expressed on the statistical and methodological issues in this presentation are those of the author and not necessarily those of the U.S. Census Bureau.

2. Outline Definitions Race, National Origin & Identity Group Race & Social Outcomes Some Other Race in Combination 2

3. Outline Definitions Race, National Origin & Identity Group Race & Social Outcomes Some Other Race in Combination 3

4. MEASUREMENT OF “….race and Hispanic origin … are two separate and distinct concepts. These standards generally reflect a social definition of race and ethnicity recognized in this country, and they do not conform to any biological, anthropological, or genetic criteria…” (http://www.census.gov/population/hispanic/about/faq.html) 4

5. HISPANIC & RACE There are two minimum categories for data on ethnicity: "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino." The concept of race reflects self- identification by people according to the race or races with which they most closely identify. Persons who report themselves as Hispanic can be of any race. (http://www.census.gov/population/hispanic/about/faq.html) 5

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7. FIVE MINIMUM RACE CATEGORIES "American Indian or Alaska Native," "Asian," "Black or African American," "Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander," and "White (http://www.census.gov/population/hispanic/about/faq.html) 7

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13. Bonus Question 13

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15. Each category is defined as, essentially self identification, except for American Indians and Alaska Natives where the standards define: American Indian or Alaska Native. A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America (including Central America), and who maintains tribal affiliation or community attachment. 15

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18. SOR “Some other race” is a residual category. Different respondents write in different things and it is wrong to assume that they are all referring to a single “other race.” Most Non-Hispanic responses are reassigned to a specific race. 18

19. CensusACS 2010 2008- 2012 White alone54.564.5 Black or African American alone3.12.4 American Indian and Alaska Native alone1.30.9 Asian alone0.40.3 Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone0.1 Some Other Race alone34.726.8 Two or More Races5.84.9 19

20. Principal Collection Modes CensusACS MO/MB PAPICAPI Temp. StaffPerm. Staff 20

21. Outline Definitions Race, National Origin & Identity Group Race & Social Outcomes Some Other Race in Combination 21

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23. NumberPercent Total54,221,164 Mexican32,706,47860.3 Puerto Rician8,293,29315.3 Cuban1,838,0553.4 DOMINICAN1,560,9422.9 HONDURAN697,3251.3 NICARAGUAN382,5090.7 PANAMANIAN179,9190.3 SALVADORAN1,828,1803.4 GUATEMALAN1,143,6592.1 COLOMBIAN977,9681.8 ECUADORIAN638,0681.2 PERUVIAN579,6661.1 So So American436,1180.8 Spain/Spanish1,191,6482.2 Other Nations501,3840.9 Other Groups108,4900.2 Generic Latino1,157,4622.1 23

24. Mexican Mexican (check box) Mexican Mexican American Mexicano Chicano La Raza Mexican American Indian Mexico MEXICAN INDIAN 24

25. Spanish SPANIARD ANDALUSIAN ASTURIAN CASTILLIAN CATALONIAN BALEARIC ISLANDER GALLEGO VALENCIAN Canarian Spanish Basque Spanish 25

26. Other Groups Central American Indian South American Indian Criollo Californio Tejano Nuevo Mexicano Spanish American Indian Meso American Indian Mestizo Caribbean Multiple Hispanic origin Other Spanish/Hispanic, n.e.c. 26

27. Generic Terms CENTRAL AMERICAN South American LATIN AMERICAN LATIN LATINO Spanish American Hispanic Other Spanish/Hispanic (check box) 27

28. Total54,221,164 White alone34,997,39964.5 Black1,317,7822.4 SOR alone14,550,56826.8 SOR combo1,293,7092.4 All Other2,061,7063.8 28

29. White aloneSOR alone Cuba87.75.6 So So American84.411.1 COLOMBIAN75.218.4 Other Nations71.918.3 Spain/Spanish71.511.8 NICARAGUAN68.624.0 Mexican66.128.3 Total64.526.8 Puerto Rico63.319.5 PERUVIAN62.528.7 ECUADORIAN58.634.8 Other Groups56.423.5 HONDURAN55.534.9 SALVADORAN53.341.2 Generic Latino53.034.4 GUATEMALAN50.741.2 PANAMANIAN37.518.4 DOMINICAN34.045.0 29

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32. Reporting SOR Alone TotalAdults TotalUS Born Total26.825.023.7 Mexican28.325.123.8 Puerto Rician19.524.825.6 Cuban5.65.86.2 DOMINICAN45.043.241.7 HONDURAN34.930.627.0 NICARAGUAN24.022.323.1 PANAMANIAN18.413.1 SALVADORAN41.238.640.4 GUATEMALAN41.236.835.2 COLOMBIAN18.415.917.5 ECUADORIAN34.830.829.1 PERUVIAN28.721.822.6 So So American11.19.510.5 Spain/Spanish11.811.611.9 Other Nations18.315.316.7 Other Groups23.523.624.5 Generic Latino34.432.932.0 32

33. Outline Definitions Race, National Origin & Identity Group Race & Social Outcomes Some Other Race in Combination 33

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35. Speaks Only English White AloneSOR A US Born43.231.5 Mexican42.033.2 Puerto Rician42.126.9 Cuban36.034.7 DOMINICAN19.89.3 HONDURAN31.716.9 NICARAGUAN33.923.1 PANAMANIAN64.452.4 SALVADORAN22.512.0 GUATEMALAN26.714.0 COLOMBIAN30.520.7 ECUADORIAN30.514.3 PERUVIAN43.126.2 So So American46.433.4 Spain/Spanish72.755.2 Other Nations47.033.9 Other Groups48.744.5 Generic Latino50.039.8 35

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37. Less than High School White ASOR A US Born55.060.0 Mexican57.361.4 Puerto Rician45.450.6 Cuban44.644.4 DOMINICAN60.764.6 HONDURAN73.578.6 NICARAGUAN59.158.8 PANAMANIAN48.748.8 SALVADORAN72.270.2 GUATEMALAN72.574.5 COLOMBIAN55.553.3 ECUADORIAN59.562.8 PERUVIAN61.462.3 So So American49.546.0 Spain/Spanish32.238.2 Other Nations54.654.0 Other Groups57.759.7 Generic Latino48.353.8 37

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39. Poverty 39 White ASOR A Total2528 Mexican2730 Puerto Rician1920 Cuban2026 DOMINICAN2825 HONDURAN3540 NICARAGUAN3025 PANAMANIAN1821 SALVADORAN37 GUATEMALAN3136 COLOMBIAN2426 ECUADORIAN2128 PERUVIAN2129 So So American2023 Spain/Spanish1621 Other Nations2027 Other Groups2027 Generic Latino2228

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41. Fertility US Born6.77.0 Mexican7.17.4 Puerto Rician6.26.6 Cuban5.45.3 DOMINICAN6.55.6 HONDURAN5.56.9 NICARAGUAN4.36.6 PANAMANIAN2.24.4 SALVADORAN6.76.4 GUATEMALAN5.36.6 COLOMBIAN5.45.8 ECUADORIAN5.55.8 PERUVIAN4.75.4 So So American5.83.6 Spain/Spanish5.14.8 Other Nations4.65.4 Other Groups5.87.0 Generic Latino5.85.9 41

42. Outline Definitions Race, National Origin & Identity Group Race & Social Outcomes Some Other Race in Combination 42

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51. hhogan@census.gov