1. Isn’t it Romantic? …and isn’t it emotional? Ingre’s Bather Moving on to the 1800 s... Blake’s Monster

2. As you explore art of the Romantic Era (1820-80) examine the pieces in relation to: Romantic ideals Subjective/”Inner” Emotional/passionate Individual is key Freedom Macabre/mystical Visionary SUBLIME Orientalism/Exoticism Delacroix, Death of Sardanapalus, 1827 the last king of Babylon How does this Romantic artwork by Delacroix differ from a Classical composition, such as one by David?

3. Neo-Classical vs Romantic compare and contrast: HEADS Houdon, Bust of Franklin, 1779 Gericault, Severed Heads, 1818 vs

4. William Blake (1757-1827) British visionary, poet, artist, bookmaker “All men are alike, tho’ infinitely various.”- Wm Blake Tyger, tyger, burning bright In the forests of the night, What immortal hand or eye Could frame thy fearful symmetry?” “To see a World in a Grain of Sand And a Heaven in a Wild Flower Hold Infinity in the palm of your hand And Eternity in an hour.”

5. Francisco Goya (1746-1828) The Third of May, 1808 Goya was horrified by the senselessness of the Napoleonic War--- Christlike Spaniard helpless in front of a faceless firing squad He depicted the troubled psyche--- Sleep of Reason Creates Monsters, 1798 as concepts of the Enlightenment fly out the window...

6. Goya ….sex, sin and the macabre The Duchess of Alba, 1797 love written in the sand (“only Goya”) And a wicked beauty mark Saturn Devouring his Children, 1819 made for his dining room wall

7. Gericault’s “Severed Heads”….....and “Portrait of a Child Killer Theodore Gericault (1791-1824) An artist growing up in the turbulent years after the French Revolution, Gericault studied with the Classicist painter, David, yet represented the new sentiments of the Romantic Period. Gericault’s works shock and intentionally horrify the viewer

8. Gericault’s Raft of the Medusa 1818--taken from a news story about a shipwreck where only 15 were found alive anti-French royalist---

9. Delacroix, like many Romantic artists and composers, was influenced by great literature….Dante, Shakespeare, Goethe Eugene Delacroix (1798-1863) Liberty Leading the People, 1830, Delacroix liberty, equality, fraternity…another French Revolution— mob trying to get rid of Charles X How does this piece compare with Gericault’s Raft? Can you tell that Delacroix was a student of Gericault?

10. Some Romantic artists, however, put less emphasis on emotional and psychic content... Academic precision and exquisite rendering, instead, were prized... Jean-Auguste Ingres (1780-1867) A painstaking draftsman, often taking years to finish a picture… Who do you think was Ingres’ teacher and inspiration? Napoleon on the Imperial Throne

11. Nudes and Bathers of the Romantic Era… Ingres shows his Romantic obsession for beautiful bathers… The Valpincon Bather, 1808 need for 2 more vertebrae to have such a long back “paint should be as smooth as the skin of an onion.”

12. Gustave Courbet (1819-77) has an obsession for nudes, as well…. Woman with a Parrot, 1866 The Woman in the Waves, 1868 The Stonebreakers, 1849 Courbet’s Realism paintings were often shunned by French academia… Self-portrait of a Desperate Man, 1843-45

13. The Exotic is Exploited in the Romantic Period…. Bonheur’s Lion... Whistler’s Princess in the Land of Porcelain and Delacroix’s Tigers Delacroix’s Moroccan sultans and…

14. One landscape artist profoundly ahead of his time was Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851) What other artists painted in his impressionistic, atmospheric way? Snowstorm, 1842 Light, energy and the forces of nature “The Sun is God.” Rain, Steam, and Speed, 1844

15. SUBLIME Edmund Burke, British (1729-97) “Whatever is fitted in any sort to excite the ideas of pain, and danger, that is to say, whatever is in any sort terrible or is conversant about terrible objects, or operates in a manner analogous to terror, is a source of the sublime; that is, it is productive of the strongest emotion which the mind is capable for feeling. I say the strongest emotion, because I am satisfied the ideas of pain are much more powerful than those which enter on the part of pleasure.” On beauty vs sublime: “Sublime objects are vast in their dimensions, beautiful ones comparatively small. Beauty should be light and delicate; the great (sublime) ought to be solid and even massive.” Church, Niagara

16. Caspar David Friedrich German, 1774-1840 What music might be a good accompaniment for these paintings? How does this reflect both Sturm und Drang and the Sublime / Romantic ? The Wanderer Observing the Fog, 1818 Teutonic views of the sublime

17. American Transcendentalism the sublime of unlimited space 1830s-1840s in Massachusetts Religion found through individual rather than established religious orders Utopian social change Literary figures--Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Walt Whitman Albert Bierstadt: Rocky Mountains, 1863

18. “The scenery…has a wild sort of beauty…quietness--solitude--the world untamed…an aspect which the scene has worn thousands of years…I do not remember to have seen in Italy a composition of mountains so beautiful or pictorial as this.” An American landscape painter, most known for his series, “River of Life.” Four paintings depict a hero traveling through childhood to old age. “Youth” shows glory and endless opportunity, while “Old Age” is dark and threatening. Some think that Cole is giving a message about the “adolescent” United States, warning that unbridled growth and industrialization may create tragic consequences. Thomas Cole, 1808-48 “Childhood” ( You can see these at the National Gallery) “Old Age”

19. Cole--- more voyages Voyage of Youth Voyage of Manhood

20. The Hudson River School American Romantic movement "If the doors of perception were cleansed, every thing would appear to man as it is: infinite. “ William Blake ARTISTS: Albert Bierstadt, Thomas Cole, Frederick Church, Jasper Francis Cropsey, Asher B, Durand, Laura Woodward and Edith Wilkinson Cook Church “Everybody needs beauty as well as bread, places to play and pray in, where Nature may heal and cheer and give strength to body and soul alike." -----John Muir American naturalist

21. James McNeil Whistler (1834-1903) Whistler, a painter from America, starts opening new doors in art with his loose, impressionistic style and fascination with Oriental motifs. Nocturne in blue and silver Variations in Blue and Green He also was quite obsessed with color... The Golden Screen is downtown at the Freer Gallery

22. The End