1. Theme and Symbolism

2. Standard
ELACC8RL2: Determine a theme of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text

3. Theme The THEME is the life LESSON that the story wants you to learn
Fiction stories or poems have THEMES
A THEME is almost like an
imaginary TEACHER inside
a book.

4. Figure out the THEME in the story
The Fox and the Sick Lion
Figure out the THEME in the story
What is it teaching you?
Written by Lin Donn
Illustrated by Phillip Martin

5. One day, a lion announced he was sick.
He let out a feeble roar that summoned all the animals to his death bed to pay their last respects.
Then he slowly turned and entered his cave. 5

6. A goat came and entered the cave. Then a sheep went in. Then a duck.
After a while, the sick Lion came to the mouth of his cave. He yawned. Finally, he noticed Fox, who had been waiting outside.
    A goat came and entered the cave. Then a sheep went in. Then a duck.
The Lion came to the mouth of his cave, and yawned. He saw the Fox, who had been waiting outside for some time.
"Fox, why have you not come inside to pay your respects to me?" asked the lion. 
"Your Majesty," answered the fox. "I noticed that three animals have entered your cave, but none have come out again. Until they do, I prefer to remain in the open air." And quick as a wink, the fox ran away.
The moral of this story: The wise learn from the misfortunes of others.

7. “Fox,” smiled the Lion, in a welcoming kind of way
“Fox,” smiled the Lion, in a welcoming kind of way. “Why have you not entered my cave to pay your respects to me?”
“Your Majesty,” said the fox. “I noticed animals go into your cave, but none come out.” The fox ran away.

8. What do you think the moral or THEME of this story might be?
Lions live in caves
Foxes do not like to go in caves when lions are inside
Visiting sick neighbors helps them to heal faster
It is a wise idea to learn from the mistakes of others 8

9. Not everything is as it seems…
Symbolism
Not everything is as it seems…

10. Standard
ELACC8RL4: Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative and connotative meanings; analyze the impact of specific word choices on meaning and tone, including analogies or allusions to other texts.

11. Symbolism
Symbolism is using one object to represent something else In other words, it is when a thing, person, or idea stands for a completely different thing, person, or idea.

12. Symbolism is all Around Us

13. Symbols are Used in Advertising

14. Symbols on the $1 Bill!

15. Common Symbols in Literature (Archetypes)
Doves: Peace Spring: Birth; youth Winter: Old age; death Eagle: Freedom Skull: Death Cross Bones: Danger; Death Water: Birth; life Rose: Love; beauty Crown: Royalty
Ring: Love; unity Circle: Unending; life Sunrise: birth; new starts Full Moon: Strangeness; Danger Passing Storm: new start Fire: Rage Keys: discovery; mystery Storms: Danger

16. Common Color Symbolism
Green: jealousy; greed; nature
Red: Passion; violence; blood; anger
Blue: Calm; peace
White: Pure; Newly born; innocent
Black: Death; evil
Purple: Wealth; royalty
Grey: Gloom; misery; sadness
Yellow: Caution
Orange: distrust

17. Nursery Rhymes often have Symbolism
Ring around the rosie A pocket full of poesy Ashes, Ashes We all fall down!

18. Symbolism can happen in Literature
Papa died that summer. Everyone came at once and brought us food…I couldn’t stand it! They all wore black, black like coal mines that killed my papa. He didn’t even like black. He liked all the bright colors of the day. So why were they wearing black, I wondered. --The rag coat

19. The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; Then took the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same,

21. And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black
And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and I— I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference.