1. Copyright. Any use of the materials in this briefing, including pictures and drawings, shall require written permission from CAMSA COMBATING Modern-day Slavery: Roles and Challenges COMBATING Modern-day Slavery: Roles and Challenges

2. Sharing our experience Our goal: To abolish human trafficking altogether Since 1999: Have rescued and/or assisted some 5,000 victims mainly Vietnamese but also Filipinos, Chinese, Indonesians, Cambodians, Bangladeshi, Pakistani, Nepalese, Ukrainians, Mexicans, Venezuelans… Working with governments and NGOs in US, Malaysia, Taiwan, and Russia and rescue operations in scores of countries

3. The Costs of Human Trafficking American Samoa 2000 Jordan 2008 Malaysia 2009

4. The Real Faces… Russia 2012 China 2011 Taiwan 2010

5. Sex Trafficking of Vietnamese young women to Russia (Prepared by BPSOS) Victims back home after release from captivity

6. Roles and Challenges of Civil Society The 4 P’s: The driving force in Prevention and Protection Support for law enforcement in Prosecution Partnerships: NGOs-NGOs, government-NGOs, destination country – source country Challenges: Limited experience and resources Insufficient in number Mistrust between NGOs and governments Powerful human trafficking syndicates Complicity of government officials Difficulty in transnational operation and collaboration

7. Our Model Focus on victims, then NGOs, then governments Work from both ends: receiving and sending

8. Vietnam: Worst Case Scenario Human trafficking under government’s tutelage “Privatized” forms of human trafficking -Labor export program -Forced labor in rehab centers and prisons -Hundreds of thousands of victims -Sale of women and children into the sex industry -Child labor within Vietnam -Tens of thousands of victims Involving government agencies, tens of thousand victims, over $4 billion business Involving small-time criminals, thousands of victims, and millions of US dollars per year Not allowing NGOs to work on these issues or gain access to victims; threats against and persecution of victims who speak out Allowing some NGOs to do work in a few locations; some assistance (shelter, vocational training) provided to repatriated victims Suppress information about these forms of modern-day slavery Play up its efforts to combat these forms in order to cover up the others.

9. Victims First Intervention: Rescue and assist victims in destination countries Gather information on trafficking syndicates Prevention: Educate and equip vulnerable peoples in source country

10. Prevention in Vietnam 40,000 fliers distributed in 6 northern provinces Tips leading to the rescue of victims in Russia, China, Malaysia, Taiwan List of “unscrupulous” labor export companies Help line for people in Vietnam to call and verify prospective employers

11. Next: NGOs Destination: Build capacity in rescue and protection Transnational case management and partnership Source: Build capacity in reintegration and prevention

12. Partnerships International: JTIP, US embassies, foreign governments, international organizations National: NGOs in different countries Transnational: partnership with Chab Dai (Cambodia) to place a Cambodian caseworker in Malaysia

13. Then: Government Destination: advocate for legal reforms and monitor law enforcement Collaboration between governments, facilitated by NGOs Source: press for legal reforms and proper law enforcement

14. Example: Russia

15. Political / Diplomatic Pressure for Legal Reforms US 2000 Malaysia 2007 Taiwan 2009 Viet Nam 2011 UN 2000 Russia 2012

16. Systemic: Labor Trafficking Syndicate in Vietnam DOLISA Employers Outsourcing Companies Embassies Ministry of Public Security Ministry of Health MOLISA Overseas Labor Management Administration Ministry of Finance State Banks Labor Export Companies Subsidiaries of Labor Export Companies Broker

17. Our Operations Taiwan Malaysia Thailand Cambodia: through partners Vietnam: through faith-based organizations Other locations: rescue missions Support: US, Canada, Germany

18. More Information Website: camsa-coalition.org