1. Future Internet? Kanchana Kanchanasut Director Internet Education and Research Lab and Professor School of Engineering and Technology Asian Institute of Technology Jan, 2011 kk@cs.ait.ac.th

2. The Internet TODAY Technology Applications Social and Economic Trends

3. Internet TODAY: Technology How did we get here? Datagram Network: CYCLADES French Research Network by Louis Pouzin, IEEE Internet Awardee “effective advocacy of datagram networking, the technology that enabled the rapid, inexpensive, decentralized expansion of the Internet.” ARPANET: Robert Kahn, Vint Cerf and Jon Postel IAB, IETF and ISOC + Internet pioneers around the world

4. The Hour Glass Architecture 4 http://www.iab.org/documents/docs/hourglass-london-ietf.pdf email WWW phone... SMTP HTTP RTP... TCP UDP… IP ethernet PPP… CSMA async sonet... copper fiber radio...

5.  Why an internet layer? make a bigger network global addressing virtualize network to isolate end-to-end protocols from network details/changes  Why a single internet protocol? maximize interoperability minimize number of service interfaces  Why a narrow internet protocol? assumes least common network functionality to maximize number of usable networks email WWW phone... SMTP HTTP RTP... TCP UDP… IP ethernet PPP… CSMA async sonet... copper fiber radio... Why the Hourglass Architecture? 5

6. http://www.iab.org/documents/docs/hourglass-london-ietf.pdf email WWW phone... SMTP HTTP RTP... TCP UDP… IP + mcast + QoS +... ethernet PPP… CSMA async sonet... copper fiber radio... Putting on Weight 6 requires more functionality from underlying networks

7. http://www.iab.org/documents/docs/hourglass-london-ietf.pdf email WWW phone... SMTP HTTP RTP... TCP UDP… IP 4 IP 6 ethernet PPP… CSMA async sonet... copper fiber radio... POST Mid-Life Crisis doubles number of service interfaces requires changes above & below creates interoper- ability problems 7

8. http://www.iab.org/documents/docs/hourglass-london-ietf.pdf But Still Supple 8 IP-over-IP tunneling has become more and more common this is not so bad: retains benefits of hourglass model email WWW phone... SMTP HTTP RTP... TCP UDP… IP ethernet PPP… CSMA async sonet... copper fiber radio...

9. Internet Visualization visualization of the Internet, by Prof. Albert-László Barabási: ouramericangeneration.org

10. Problems with TODAY's Internet Firewalls NAT – not all hosts have global IP addresses Multihoming => routing table – Site mutihoming (change ISP)

11. IPv6 Trying to keep the waistline – to prolong IP Increase IP Address Space (Scalability) BUT does not provide answers to – Security – Mobility – Multihoming

12. Question? Do we really need – End-to-End? – GLOBAL IP?

13. The Internet TODAY: Applications Real-Time Telephony Social Network + Many more...with Iphone, IPAD...tablets ==> MOBILITY -- growth of mobile devices ==> Internet must COPE with mobile users/devices

14. Visualization of Social Network (Ref: flickr.com)

15. ipad finds a home in the dashboard 15 http://reviews.cnet.com/8301-13746_7-20001771-48.html

16. Coping with mobile users! Mobile internet access ~50% of the total internet usage in 2014 (Gartner) A mobile user moving through many cells A user may have many devices IP Address (used as both ident and locator) poses problems! Can we communicate without knowing location?

17. Use case for handover - 1 17 http://www.asiafi.net/meeting/2010/WIFI/huawei-peng- Requirements%20on%20Future%20Wireless%20Internet%20Architecture.pdf

18. Use case for handover - 2 18 http://www.asiafi.net/meeting/2010/WIFI/huawei-peng- Requirements%20on%20Future%20Wireless%20Internet%20Architecture.pdf

19. Problems with Mobile Devices Mobile hosts!! Multihomed hosts wanting to be reached through any of its multiple interfaces IP Address (used as both ident and locator) poses problems! Can we communicate without knowing location? Just by name? Global scope name but local scope IP Address?

20. Semantic Overloading on IP Address? IP address: identifies a PoA of an IP node for data delivery But also used by TCP as connection identifier, or even by some applications as node identifier – A TCP connection breaks when Data changes incoming interface, or Host changes IP address – When a TCP connection broke, application on top of it broke too ( Lixia Zhang, AsiaFI WIFI Workshop, 2010 )

21. Question? Can we have Multipath-TCP? Can we find a new identifier for hosts? – Not using IP addresses? Will this patch solve the problem?

22. Content Centric Networking – Content as primitive – Decouple location from identity, security and access – Retrieving content by name

23. The Internet TODAY: Socio-Economic Openness: common ownership Innovation Not enough value for investors to support universal spread Global inter-connectedness – social networking Personal idenitity and identification for personal and naional securiity Regulatory requirements and governance Trust: user's trust Privacy

24. SUMMARY of REQUIREMENTS Security Ubiquitous Better management Name and Address Communication between trusted parties – not IP to IP!... more.. Green...

25. Research Projects Long term research projects (15-20 years) Target 20 – 40 years from now Activities: US (NSF NetSE), EU(FIRE by EU FP7) Asia (China, Korea and Japan)

26. Approaches (1) Clean Slate Approach (2) Evolutionary Approach: Virtualization (3) Pouzin Society (recursive networks)

27. REFERENCES http://www.AsiaFI.netwww.AsiaFI.net http://pouzin.pnanetworks.com/images/PSOC-MovingBeyondTCP.pdf Towards a Future Internet: Interrelation between Technological, Social and Economic Trends, Interim Report, European Commission DG INFSO Project, Feb 2010 Jacobson, V.; Smetters, D. K.; Thornton, J. D.; Plass, M. F.; Briggs, N.; Braynard, R. Networking named content. Proceedings of the 5th ACM International Conference on Emerging Networking Experiments and Technologies (CoNEXT 2009); 2009 December 1-4; Rome, Italy. NY: ACM; 2009; 1-12.