Unit1 Cultural information Cultural information 1.1 Cultural information Quote Bertrand Russell: Young men who have reason to fear that they will be.

Cultural information Cultural information 1.1 Cultural information Quote Bertrand Russell: Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it — so at least it seems to me — is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal.

Cultural information 1.3 Cultural information Henry David Thoreau: The failures and reverses which await men — and one after another sadden the brow of youth — add a dignity to the prospect of human life, which no Arcadian success would do.

Watch a video clip and answer the following questions. What are the people doing in the video? How did the boys feel? 1. 2. Audiovisual supplement Audiovisual supplements1 Cultural information The mother and her three children were moving to a new place. Simon felt excited about moving to a large house because he wanted to keep some bigger pets. But Jared was not happy about the moving. / He was angry about it.

Have your family ever moved from one place to another? 3. Audiovisual supplements1 Cultural information Students are encouraged to answer this question freely.

1. What is the story narrated in the text about? Main idea Global Reading-Main idea1 Main idea Structural analysis The story told by the author is about how his, with his, helped him to he felt when he was about to, and opened his eyes to the truth of his advice that one should to those who were dear to him. grandfather __________ own life experience _________________ overcome the sadness___________________ leave his old house_________________ never say goodbye ________________

Global Reading-Main idea2 Structural analysis Main idea The text conveys the message that we should never to, we should always be, and that we should always in our lives and cherish. give in ______ bitterness or sadness __________________ firm and strong-willed ___________________ remember the happy moments ___________________________ friendship _________

Structural analysis Structural analysis 1 Main idea Structural analysis The story is related in a chronological order with a flashback in the middle part. 1. How are the events of the essay arranged? List some words and phrases which indicate the chronological order.

Structural analysis 2 Structural analysis Main idea when I was ten, When the final day came, I continued to, a year and half later, then, when it came to my turn, … Words and phrases which indicate a chronological order: a long, long time ago, one day, … Words and phrases which indicate a flashback:

Structural analysis 3 Structural analysis Main idea 2. Based on the time phrases found above, divide the text into parts by completing the table. Timeparagraph(s)Event when I was ten, 1The author was to leave his big old house. When the final day come 2-4 The author was anguish about the move. His grandfather advised him not to use the word “goodbye” to friends, for it implied sadness.

Structural analysis 4 Structural analysis Main idea TimeEvent I continued to 5-9The author’s grandfather took him to see the huge red rosebush in the front yard. a long, long time ago 10-13Grandfather recalls the death of his first son and his response to it. paragraph(s)

Structural analysis 5 Structural analysis Main idea TimeEvent a year and half later 14-20The dying old man parted with his grandson calmly and even cheerfully without saying the word “goodbye”. paragraph(s)

1. When I was ten I was suddenly confronted with the anguish of moving from the only home I had ever known. My whole life, brief as it was, had been spent in that big old house, gracefully touched with the laughter and tears of four generations. 2. When the final day came, I ran to the haven of the small back porch and sat alone, shuddering, as tears welled up from my heart. Suddenly I felt a hand rest on my shoulder. I looked up to see my grandfather. “It isn’t easy, is it, Billy?” he said softly, sitting down on the steps beside me. Never Say Goodbye Detailed reading1-2 Detailed reading

Detailed reading3-4 Detailed reading 3. “Grandpa,” I replied through my tears, “how can I ever say goodbye to you and all my friends?” 4. For a moment he just stared off into the apple trees. “Goodbye is such a sad word,” he said. “It seems too final, too cold, for friends to use. We seem to have so many ways of saying goodbye and they all have one thing in common: sadness.”

Detailed reading5-9 Detailed reading 5. I continued to look into his face. He gently took my hand in his. “Come with me, my friend,” he whispered. 6. We walked, hand in hand, to his favorite place in the front yard, where a huge red rosebush sat conspicuously alone. 7. “What do you see here, Billy?” He asked. 8. I looked at the flowers, not knowing what to say, and then answered, “I see something soft and beautiful, Grandpa.” 9. Kneeling, he pulled me close. “It isn’t just the roses that are beautiful, Billy. It’s that special place in your heart that makes them so.”

Detailed reading10-12 Detailed reading 10. His eyes met mine again. “Billy, I planted these roses a long, long time ago — before your mother was even a dream. I put them into the soil the day my first son was born. It was my way of saying thank you to God. That boy’s name was Billy, just like yours. I used to watch him pick roses for his mother.” 11. I saw my grandfather’s tears. I had never seen him cry before. His voice became hoarse. 12. “One day a terrible war came, and my son, like so many sons, went away to fight a great evil. He and I walked to the train station together... Three months later a telegram came. My son had died in some tiny village in Italy. All I could think of was that the last thing I said to him in this life was goodbye.”

Detailed reading13 Detailed reading 13. Grandpa slowly stood up. “Don’t ever say goodbye, Billy. Don’t ever give in to the sadness and the loneliness of that word. I want you to remember instead the joy and the happiness of those times when you first said hello to a friend. Take that special hello and lock it away within you — in that place in your heart where summer is an always time. When you and your friends must part, I want you to reach deep within you and bring back that first hello.”

14. A year and half later, my grandfather became gravely ill. When he returned from several weeks in the hospital, he wanted his bed next to the window, where he could see his beloved rosebush. 15. Then the family was summoned and I returned to the old house. It was decided that the oldest grandchildren would be allowed to say their goodbyes. Detailed reading14-15 Detailed reading

16. When it came to my turn, I noted how tired he looked. His eyes were closed and his breathing was slow and hard. 17. I took his hand as gently as he had once taken mine. 18. “Hello, Grandpa,” I whispered. His eyes slowly opened. 19. “Hello, my friend,” he said, with a brief smile. His eyes closed again and I moved on. Detailed reading16-19 Detailed reading

Detailed reading20 Detailed reading 20. I was standing by his rosebush when an uncle came to tell me that my grandfather had died. Remembering Grandpa’s words, I reached deep within me for those special feelings that had made up our friendship. Suddenly, and truly, I knew what he had meant about never saying goodbye — about refusing to give in to the sadness.

Detailed reading1-2-- Question 1 The author’s home was a large old house, in which four generations had lived in harmony and experienced both happiness and sadness. Detailed reading Paragraph 1 Question What do you know about the author’s home?

Paragraph 2 Question Why did the author shudder and shed tears when the final day came? Detailed reading1-2-- Question 2 Because he was extremely reluctant to leave and could not bear to say goodbye to his grandfather and his friends as well as to his big old house. Detailed reading

confront: vt. 1) be faced with and have to deal with Detailed reading—confront1 e.g. The actress was confronted by a large group of reporters as she left the stage door. Whenever we are confronted with any difficulties, we shouldn’t give up what we are doing. Detailed reading 2) force to deal with or accept the truths of; bring face to face with e.g. When the police confronted her with the evidence, she confessed she was guilty.

Detailed reading—confront2 Collocations: be confronted with confront sb. with sth. Detailed reading Synonyms: encounter, face

anguish: n. very great pain and suffering, esp. of the mind Detailed reading– anguish1 e.g. Lear, a broken, confused old man, died in anguish. 李尔王，这位身心交瘁、精神恍惚的老人在痛苦中死去。 Derivations: anguished: adj. anguish: vt. Synonyms: pain, suffering Detailed reading

Detailed reading– anguish2 Detailed reading Exercise: Choose the proper word to fill in each blank in the following sentences. anguish anguished Outsiders will find it hard to imagine the mental we had to go through. An look appeared on her face. She was in over her missing child. (1) (2) (3) anguish _______ anguished _________ anguish _______

gracefully: adv. 1)in an attractively and effortlessly fine and smooth manner Detailed reading– gracefully1 e.g. Already in her fifties, she danced gracefully on the stage last night, attracting a large audience. The figure skater glided gracefully on the ice. 花样滑冰者在冰上优雅地滑行。 Detailed reading 2) in a way that shows willingness to behave fairly and honorably e.g. The request was gracefully refused. 这个请求被有礼貌地回绝了。

Detailed reading– gracefully2 Derivations: graceful: adj. grace n. Detailed reading Comparison: gracious, graceful graceful: moving in a smooth and attractive way, or having an attractive shape or form gracious: behaving in a polite, kind, and generous way, especially to people of a lower rank. Thank you for your hospitality. The lady of small waist is elegant and. gracious _______ graceful _______

touch: vt.& vi. 1) put one’s hand onto sth. or sb. else Detailed reading– touch1 e.g.Visitors are requested not to touch the paintings. Detailed reading 2) have an effect on one’s feelings; cause one to feel pity, sympathy, etc. e.g. Her plight has touched the hearts of people around the world. 她所处的困境牵动着全世界人民的心。 The environmental problems touch us all. 这些环境问题与我们所有人都有关。

Detailed reading– touch2 Collocation: be touched with e.g. Her hair is touched with grey. 她有些灰发了。 Derivations: touched: adj. touching: adj. Detailed reading

shudder: vi. shake uncontrollably for a moment, esp. from fear, cold, or dislike shudder at/with Detailed reading-- shudder1 e.g. She shuddered at the sight of the dead body. 她一看到那具尸体就不寒而栗。 Detailed reading Comparison: shudder, shake shudder: vi. It suggests a more intense shaking, which is less noticeable to an onlooker. shake: vt.& vi. It suggests sth. that is done to as well as by a person or object.

Detailed reading– shudder 2 Detailed reading People still at the thought of that terrible earthquake. The tree branches were in that sudden gust of wind. shudder_______ shaking _______

well: vi. flow or start to flow (outflow) Detailed reading--well e.g.Strong emotions welled up. Detailed reading Collocation: well out/up/forth e.g. She was so moved that her tears welled out(up/forth) from her eyes. 她感动得泪如泉涌。

rest on/upon 1) lean on; to be supported by Detailed reading--rest on e.g.She sat down and rested her feet on the chair. Detailed reading e.g. His hopes rest on the leader. 他的希望全寄托在领导者的身上。 2)(esp. of a proof, argument, etc.) be based on; be grounded on; depend on e.g. Our policy should rest on the basis of self-reliance. 我们的政策要建立在自力更生的基础之上。

Paragraph 4 Question Why did his grandfather advise him not to use the word “goodbye” to friends? Detailed reading4— Question Because the word “goodbye” seemed too final, too cold, for friends to use and it implied sadness. His grandfather wanted him to recall the joy and happy events of the life instead of feeling sad and miserable. Detailed reading

through: prep. (1) in at one side, end, or surface of something and out at the other Detailed reading--through e.g. We couldn’t see through the mist. Is it quicker to drive straight through the center? Detailed reading e.g. The monkeys swung through the trees. I searched through my papers for the missing documents. (2) among or between the parts or members of

stare: vi. (1) look steadily for a long time, e.g. in great surprise or shock Detailed reading—stare1 e.g. The child stared the stranger up and down. 这个孩子上上下下地打量着这个陌生人。 He was staring, thinking. Detailed reading e.g. The lies in the report stared out at us from every paragraph. (2) be very plain to see; be obvious

Detailed reading—stare2 Detailed reading Collocations: stare sb. down/out 盯得某人局促不安 stare sb. into silence 瞪得某人哑口无言 stare sb. up and down 上下打量某人 stare sb. in the face 近在眼前

Detailed reading—Activity Detailed reading Activity: Role Play Directions: A grandchild is going to say goodbye to his beloved grandfather/grandmother because he is leaving for college next day and will be away for several months. Work in groups and role play the child, his mother and his grandfather. You are supposed to use the following words and phrases as many as possible. confront anguish gracefully touched with the laughter and tears, shudder well up rest on through ones’ tears stare have sth. in common

My whole life, brief as it was, had been spent in that big old house, gracefully touched with the laughter and tears of four generations. Detailed reading--S My whole life…1 Explanation: “brief as it was” ： In a formal style, as can be used in a special word order to mean although. The construction suggests a very emphatic contrast. Paraphrase: I spent my whole life, although it was so brief, in that big old house, in which four generations of our family had lived harmoniously and experienced both happiness and sadness. Detailed reading

Detailed reading-SMy whole life…2 Frosty as it was, they still went out. (Although it was very extremely cold, they still went out.) Bravely as they fought, they had no chance of winning. (Although they fought so bravely, they had no chance of winning.) Detailed reading Translation: 我这一辈子都是在这旧的大宅子中度过的，尽管生命非常短暂，我却深深地体会到了一家四代人的欢笑与泪水。

I felt a hand rest on my shoulder. Detailed reading– S_I felt a hand… 1 Question: Do you know some other words which can be followed by the “object + infinitive (without to )” structure? Hear, listen, let, make, have, notice, watch, etc. Explanation: The word feel can be followed by the “object + infinitive (without to )” structure. Did you feel the earth move? He felt her hand tense up in his. Detailed reading

Detailed reading—S_ I felt a hand… 2 Translation: 我感到有只手搭在我的肩上。 Detailed reading

Paragraphs 5-13 Question Why did the author’s grandfather take him to see the rosebush in the front yard? Detailed reading5-9-- Question The author’s grandfather wanted to tell him the story about the planting of the roses and explain to him the reason not to say goodbye to one’s relatives and friends. Detailed reading

Paragraph 10 Question Why did the author’s grandfather plant those roses? Detailed reading10— Question To thank God for his good fortune of having his first son by planting those roses. Detailed reading

Paragraph 13 Question What kind of advice did the author’s grandfather offer in Paragraph 13? Detailed reading13— Question Never give in to the sadness and the loneliness evoked by that word goodbye and remember instead the joy and the happiness of those times sharing with a friend. Detailed reading

pick: vt. vi. 1) take what one likes or considers best, or most suitable from a group Detailed reading—pick1 e.g. One of my sisters has been picked for the Olympic team. The police asked him if he could pick (out) the killer from a series of photos. e.g. Machines pick the fruit from/off the trees. They spent the summer picking strawberries. Detailed reading 2) gather; pull or break off (part of a plant) from a tree or plant

3) take up or remove sth. separately or bit by bit using the fingers, a beak, a pointed instrument, etc. Detailed reading—pick2 e.g.He was on his knees picking crumbs off the carpet. Detailed reading Comparison: choose, select, pick choose: It stresses a choice of the best suited between or among things under consideration, which is the result of one’s judgment. e.g. She said she had chosen the skirt because its color was just right for the season.

Detailed reading—pick3 e.g. You may select whatever you like as the birthday gift. Detailed reading select: It stresses a choice of sth. best to one’s liking or desire among many things present through careful examination and discrimination, with a view to a given purpose. e.g.Mary picked a red skirt because she liked red. pick: It is an informal word and a synonym to select.

Detailed reading—pick4 Detailed reading Exercise: Choose the proper word to fill each blank in the following sentences. choose select pick I a piece of fluff off my shiny black suit. After careful comparison, Beijing was as the city where the 2008 Olympic Games were to be held. Mr. Johnson was to participate in the project because of his being a fully qualified engineer. (1) (2) (3) picked ______ selected _______ chosen ______

hoarse adj. (of a voice) rough-sounding, as though the surface of the throat is rougher than usual, e.g. when the speaker has a sore throat Detailed reading-hoarse1 e.g. You’ll make yourself hoarse if you keep shouting like that! Detailed reading Comparison: husky, harsh, thick e.g. She’s got a nice husky voice — very sexy. You sound husky — do you have a cold? husky: (of a person’s voice) low and rough, often in an attractive way, or because of illness

Detailed reading-hoarse2 Detailed reading e.g.“There is no alternative,” she said in a harsh voice. harsh: unpleasant to listen to e.g.Bill’s voice was thick and gruff. thick: not as clear or high as usual, for example because someone has been crying

Detailed reading-Activity Detailed reading Activity: Act It Out Please say sth. in the following voices: in a harsh voice in a high-pitched voice in falsetto in a strident voice in a choking voice in a hoarse

evil 1) n. a great wickedness or misfortune Detailed reading- evil e.g. Drug-addiction is one of today’s great social evils. There’s always a conflict between good and evil in his plays. Detailed reading 2) adj. immoral, cruel, or very unpleasant e.g. It’s a battle against the country’s most evil terrorists. Synonyms: corrupt, vicious, wicked, malicious Antonyms: good, honest, moral, sinless

Detailed reading-tiny1 Detailed reading tiny adj. extremely small; very small e.g.Though she was tiny, she had a very loud voice. Synonyms: mini, small, little, puny, slight Antonyms: big, enormous, great, huge, large, vast

Detailed reading-tiny2 Detailed reading Comparison: small, little, tiny e.g. Could I have a hamburger and a small Coke please? small: It refers to size and is the usual opposite of “big” or “large”. e.g. They live in a beautiful little village. little: It refers to size but it also expresses the speaker’s feelings.

part vt. (to cause to) separate or be no longer together Detailed reading-part 1 e.g. To be parted from him even for only two days made her sad. Tony bent to look out of the window, parting the curtains with one hand. Detailed reading Derivations: parted adj. parting n./adj. e.g. On his wall he has a poster of Marilyn Monroe, her lips forever parted (= separated) in anticipation. The pain of parting had lessened over the years.

Detailed reading-part 2 Detailed reading Translation: 结婚这三十年间他们几乎从未分开过。 The sunlight flooded the room when he parted the curtains. 他拉开窗帘，屋里顿时充满了阳光。 They were hardly ever parted in thirty years of marriage.

bring back 1) cause to return Detailed reading--bring back1 e.g. All library books must be brought back before the end of the term. Detailed reading 2) obtain and return with e.g. He always brings me back something nice when he goes abroad. Travellers brought back news of the outside world. 3) cause to return to the mind e.g. The photos brought back some wonderful memories. Seeing her again brought all the sweet memories back.

4) start to do or use something that was done or used in the past Detailed reading--bring back2 e.g. Few politicians are in favour of bringing back the death penalty. He wants to bring back the glamour of the old Hollywood films. Detailed reading in on away up with back into Exercise ： Fill in the blanks with one of the following prepositions. 1.People arrived at the site of the fire and began clearing the debris. away _____

Detailed reading--bring back3 Detailed reading in on away up with back into He threw himself wholeheartedly the fight against fascism. The storekeeper knew exactly where everything was and could lay his hands what he wanted in the dark. The fire heats the room within minutes. I wrote to Donna several months ago, but she hasn’t written yet. This cake’s very light compared the last one you made. I’ve got a pain my back. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. into ____ on __ up ___ back _____ with ____ in__

Detailed reading-S_ before your… Detailed reading... before your mother was even a dream. Paraphrase:... before your grandma and I could think about having a daughter/long before your mother was born.

Detailed reading-S_ I used to … Detailed reading I used to watch him pick roses for his mother. Translation: 过去，我常看到他为他母亲采摘玫瑰花。 Explanation: The word watch can be followed by the “object + infinitive (without to)” or “object + -ing” structure, but there is often a difference in meaning. The use of an infinitive indicates the whole of an action or event, and that of an -ing form suggests part of an action or event. I watched her cross the road. (from one side to the other) I watched her crossing the road. (in the middle of the road, on her way across)

Detailed reading-S_ Take that special … 1 Detailed reading Take that special hello and lock it away within you — in that place in your heart where summer is an always time. Paraphrase: Bear that special hello in your mind and never forget it so that you will be always filled with the joy and happiness of summer. Explanation: Note that the word “always” is usually an adverb, rarely used as an adjective. However, it is used as an adjective in this sentence by the writer in the meaning of “everlasting.”

Detailed reading-S_ Take that special … 2 Detailed reading Translation: 请将那特别的问候深藏于心 —— 珍藏在你内心那充满永恒夏日阳光之处。

Detailed reading-S_ When you and … Detailed reading When you and your friends must part, I want you to reach deep within you and bring back that first hello. Paraphrase: When you and your friends must separate, I hope that you can recall the joy and happiness you got when you first greeted each other. Translation: 在你必须与你朋友分别时，希望你能于内心深处找回初次问候时的喜悦。

Paragraph 14 Question Why did the author’s grandfather want his bed to be next to the window? Detailed reading—14 Question Because he wanted to see his beloved rosebush through the window and the sight of the rosebush would remind him of the joy and happiness of life he had experienced. Detailed reading

Paragraph 15 Question Why was the family summoned to the old house? Detailed reading—15 Question Because it was decided that the oldest grandchildren would be allowed to say their goodbyes to their dying grandfather. Detailed reading

Paragraphs 16-19 Question What do you think of the parting between the author and his grandfather? Detailed reading—16-19 Question The parting between the author and his grandfather was calm and pleasant as if they were old friends greeting each other, which showed that his grandfather adopted an optimistic attitude towards death and that the author became so strong-willed as not to give in to the sadness. Detailed reading

Detailed reading– gravely1 Detailed reading gravely adv. in a way showing great seriousness; (of manner) in a state of being serious and solemn e.g. “The situation poses a serious threat to peace,” said the ambassador gravely. 大使严肃地说： “ 这样的局势对和平形成严重的威胁。 ” Synonym: seriously

Detailed reading– gravely2 Detailed reading e.g. His face was grave as he told them about the accident. He doesn’t seem to understand the gravity of the situation. Derivation: grave adj. gravity n.

Detailed reading-- beloved Detailed reading beloved adj./n. (a person who is) dearly loved e.g. His beloved wife died. It is a gift from my beloved. (=from my wife, husband, etc.)

Detailed reading– summon1 Detailed reading summon vt. 1) order officially to come e.g. The guards were summoned into the presence of the Queen. 2) tell or request people to come to; convene e.g. At the critical moment, the army commander summoned all the officers to a meeting to work out new strategies and tactics which would make it possible to conquer the enemy. 在紧急关头，军长召集全体军官开会，制定新的克敌战略战术。

Detailed reading– summon2 Detailed reading Collocation:summon sth. up e.g. She had to summon up all her strength to lift the rock. I can’t summon up much enthusiasm for the project. 1) bring (a quality) out of oneself, esp. with an effort e.g. He summoned up his memory of his former neighbour. 2) cause sth. to come into the mind; evoke sth. Derivation: summoner n.

Detailed reading–turn1 Detailed reading turn: n. 1) an act of turning; a single movement completely round a fixed point e.g. Don’t pull the handle; give it a turn. Give the key a turn, and the lock will open. 2) a point of change in time e.g. Young people at the turn of the century must draw up a mighty blueprint. 世纪之交的年轻人必须绘制一幅宏伟的蓝图。

Detailed reading–turn2 Detailed reading Collocations: at every turn: everywhere or all the time by turns: (of people or their actions) one after the other; in rotation in turn: afterwards; in the correct or expected order on the turn: about to turn or change out of turn: at an unsuitable time or in an unsuitable way

Detailed reading–note1 Detailed reading note vt. 1) notice and remember; observe e.g. Note the way this writer uses the present tense for dramatic effect. Please note that this bill must be paid within 10 days. Note how he operates the machine and try to copy with him. 2) remark; call attention to e.g. The report notes with approval the government’s efforts to resolve this problem. 这份报告以赞同的口吻特别提到政府为解决这个问题所作的努力。

Detailed reading–note2 Detailed reading Derivations: noted; notable Comparison: note, notice note: v. notice and remember notice: v. pay attention (to) with the eyes, other senses, or mind e.g. Note how he operates the machine and try to copy with him. e.g. She was wearing a new dress, but he didn’t even notice (it). Did you notice whether I locked the door?

Detailed reading– breathe Detailed reading breathe vt. 1) take air, gas, etc. into the lungs and send it out again e.g. The doctor told me to breathe in deeply and then to breathe out slowly. I will remember the day as long as I breathe. 2) whisper; say softly e.g. He breathed words of love into her ear. She breathed a sigh of relief when she heard that she had passed the exam. Derivation: breather n. e.g. We’ve been working quite a long time now; let’s have/take a breather.

Detailed reading– Activity1 Detailed reading Activity: Rumor Goes Sit in rows or lines of five. The students in the first row / line are given one sentence, which they should recite to the next students. The sentences will be passed on until the last students, who come to the blackboard to write down the sentences. His face was grave as he told them about the accident. He doesn’t seem to understand the gravity of the situation. She had to summon up all her strength to lift the rock. I can’t summon up much enthusiasm for the project. He tried to summon up his memory what he knew of his former neighbour.

Detailed reading– Activity2 Detailed reading Note how he operates the machine and try to copy with him. She was wearing a new dress, but he didn’t even notice (it). She breathed a sigh of relief when she heard that she had passed the exam. The president stopped off briefly in London on his way to Geneva.

Detailed reading-S_ Remembering … Detailed reading Remembering Grandpa’s words, I reached deep within me for those special feelings that had made up our friendship. Paraphrase: Remembering Grandpa’s words, I tried to bring back to my mind the joy and the happiness that I had shared with him. Translation: 忆起爷爷的嘱咐时，我在内心深处找回了那些建立起我们友谊的特别情感。

Consolidation Activities- Vocabulary main Phrase practice Word comparison Synonym / Antonym Word derivation VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Phrase practice 1 be confronted with = suddenly found oneself faced with 面临，面对 e.g. All the programs will be confronted with great difficulties at the start. 所有的项目刚开始时总会遇到很大的困难。 Being confronted with such crisis, he demonstrated such courage. 面对如此危机，他展现出了这样的勇气。 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Phrase practice 2 have one thing in common = share the same characteristic 具有相同之处 e.g. All kids have one thing in common: they are precious gifts. 所有孩子都有一个共同点：他们都是珍贵的礼物。 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Phrase practice 3 give in to sth. = let oneself be overcome by 屈服，向 …… 让步 e.g. Never give in to their insult. 绝不能屈服于他们的侮辱。 The police decided not to give in to his demands. 警察最终决定不向他的要求让步。 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Phrase practice 4 lock it away within sb. = keep it in one’s mind and don’t ever forget it 埋藏起来 e.g. You should not shed tears but lock your sorrow away within yourself. 你不应当流泪，而应当把忧伤深埋心中。 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Word / Phrase comparison1.1 anger: a strong feeling of wanting to hurt or criticize someone because they have done something bad to you or been unkind to you e.g.Paul’s face was filled with anger. Group 1 discomfort: a feeling of slight pain or of being physically uncomfortable e.g. She still suffers considerable discomfort from her injury. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Word / Phrase comparison1.2 anguish: mental or physical suffering caused by extreme pain or worry e.g. Nothing can take away the anguish of losing a child. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening unhappiness: the state of being unhappy e.g.Juliet’s eyes shone with unhappiness. Grammar Group 1

Consolidation Activities- Word / Phrase comparison2.1 special: not ordinary or usual, but different in some way and often better or more important e.g. This is a special case, deserving special treatment. peculiar: strange, unfamiliar, or a little surprising e.g.There was a peculiar smell in the kitchen. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Group 2

Consolidation Activities- Word / Phrase comparison2.2 concrete: definite, positive e.g.The policy have nothing concrete to go on. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening particular: (only used before noun) a particular thing or person is the one that you are talking about, and not any other e.g. Most students choose one particular area for research. Grammar Group 2

Consolidation Activities- Word / Phrase comparison3.1 spend: to use your money to pay for goods or services e.g. I can’t afford to spend any more money this week. cost: to be obtainable at the price of, require the payment of e.g.It costs too much. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar spend something on something Group 3

Consolidation Activities- Word / Phrase comparison3.2 waste: to use more money, time, energy, etc. than is useful or sensible e.g. Leaving the heating on all the time wastes electricity. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening take: if something takes a particular amount of time, money, effort, etc., that amount of time, etc. is needed for it to happen or succeed e.g. Organizing a successful street party takes a lot of energy. Grammar Group 3

Consolidation Activities- Word / Phrase comparison4.1 conspicuous: very easy to notice e.g. Lincoln is a conspicuous example of a poor boy who succeeded. graceful: moving in a smooth and attractive way, or having an attractive shape or form e.g.We admired the graceful poise of the dancer. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Group 4

Consolidation Activities- Word / Phrase comparison4.2 lonely: (adj.) unhappy because you are alone or do not have anyone to talk to e.g.He has so few friends that his life is lonely. truly: used to emphasize that the way you are describing something is really true (= really) e.g. This encyclopedia is truly a compendium of knowledge. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Group 4

Consolidation Activities- Word / Phrase comparison5.1 last: happening or coming after all other similar things or people e.g. And last but not least there is the question of adequate funding. final: being or happening at the end of a series of events, actions, statements, etc.; being the result of a particular process e.g.The project is in its final stages. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Group 5

Consolidation Activities- Word / Phrase comparison5.2 ending: the last part of a story; the act of finishing sth., the last part of sth. e.g.His stories usually have a happy ending. concluding: the last remark,etc. in an event or piece of writing e.g.This is the concluding section of Chapter 6. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Group 5

Consolidation Activities- Word / Phrase comparison6.1 alone: adv./adj. without any friends; without the help of other people or things e.g. Carol felt all alone in the world. It is hard bringing up children alone. hoarse: adj. (of a person or voice) sounding harsh, especially because of a sore throat e.g.We shouted ourselves hoarse at the football match. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Group 6

Consolidation Activities- Word / Phrase comparison6.2 grave: (of people) serious in manner, as if sth. sad, important or worrying has just happened e.g.His face was grave when I told him my decision. lonely: (adj.) unhappy because you are alone or do not have anyone to talk to e.g.Don’t you get lonely being on your own all day? VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Group 6

Consolidation Activities- Word / Phrase comparison7.1 give in: to admit that you have been defeated by sb./sth. e.g. He will give in to his opponent’s claim rather than wrangle over a disputed point. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening give up: to stop trying to do sth. e.g.I give up; tell me what the answer is. Grammar Group 7

Consolidation Activities- Word / Phrase comparison7.2 retreated (v.+adv./prep.) to change your mind about sth. because of criticism or because a situation has become too difficult e.g. The government has retreated from its pledge to reduce class size. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening stop: to make sb./sth. no longer do sth. e.g.That phone never stops ringing. Grammar Group 7

Consolidation Activities- Word / Phrase comparison8.1 believe: to feel certain that sth. is true or that sb. is telling you the truth e.g. He thinks that everyone who believes will go to heaven. notice: to see or hear sb./sth.;to become aware of sb./sth.; to pay attention to sb./sth. e.g. She wears those strange clothes just to get herself noticed. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Group 8

Consolidation Activities- Word / Phrase comparison8.2 note: to mention sth. because it is important or interesting e.g.I failed to note that he had left. decide: to think carefully about the different possibilities that are available and then choose one of them e.g.That chance meeting decided my career. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Group 8

loudly, harshly, roughly Consolidation Activities- Synonym / Antonym1 Give some synonyms or antonyms of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used. 1.When I was ten I was suddenly confronted with the anguish of moving from the old home I had ever known. Synonyms: pain, grief, sorrow, agony 2. “It isn’t easy, is it, Billy?” he said softly, sitting down on the steps beside me. Antonyms: VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Synonym / Antonym2 3. We seem to have so many ways of saying goodbye and they all have one thing in common: sadness. Synonyms:sorrow, grief, dismay 4. We walked, hand in hand, to his favorite place in the front yard, where a huge red rosebush sat conspicuously alone. Antonyms: inconspicuously, unnoticeably VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Synonym / Antonym3 5. My son had died in some tiny village in Italy Synonyms:small, little 6. When you and your friends must part, I want you to reach deep within you and bring back that first hello. Antonyms: meet, join, unite, gather VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Synonym / Antonym4 7. A year and half later, my grandfather became gravely ill. Synonyms:seriously, severely, hopelessly 8. My whole life, brief as it was, had been spent in that big old house. Antonyms:long, permanent, lasting VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Word derivation1 Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given word in the brackets. 1. Nobody wanted to live in the part of the town. (industry) 2. The police asked him to give a of the suitcase he had lost. (describe) VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar industrial________ description __________

3. He had no that he was being watched. (suspect) 4. This is Alexandra, my personal. (assist) Consolidation Activities- Word derivation2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar assistant ________ Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given word in the brackets. suspicion ________

5. Although some of my work-mates quickly found new jobs after the factory closed down, my brother and I were for several months. (employ) 6. Although I was positive that the girl had stolen my ring, I could not find any. (prove) Consolidation Activities- Word derivation3 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given word in the brackets. unemployed ___________ proof _____

Consolidation Activities- Word derivation- advocate 1.1 industry (n.) 工业、行业；勤奋 industrial (adj.) 工业的；用于工业的；工业发达的 industrious (adj.) 勤奋的、勤劳的 industriously (adv.) 勤劳地、勤奋地 industriousness (n.) 勤奋、勤劳 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 1.

Consolidation Activities- Word derivation- advocate 1.2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar e.g. The government takes great measures to expand industry and commerce. 政府采取很多举措发展工商业。 His success was due to his industry and thrift. 他取得成功是由于他的勤俭。 Tom is working industriously at his desk. 汤姆正在办公桌前勤奋地工作。

Consolidation Activities- Word derivation- respect 2.1 describe (v.) 描述某人（某物）；叫做、称做；画（尤指几何图形） description (n.) 对某人（某物）的描述、叙述 descriptive (adj.) 描述的、描写的 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar e.g. There is some excellent descriptive writing in his novel. 在他的小说里有些极好的描写。 We will describe each of these methods in more detail in the following sections. 在下面的部分中我们将更详细地描述每一种方法。 2.

Consolidation Activities- Word derivation- respect 2.2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar e.g. Your essay contains too much description, and not enough discussion of the issues. 你的文章中有太多的描写，而对问题的论述不够。 Her beauty is beyond description. 她的美丽无法用语言描述。

Consolidation Activities- Word derivation- respect 3.1 suspect (v.) 有（某事物）存在或属实的想法，相信；怀疑（某物），不相信；怀疑某人有某罪 suspect (n.) 嫌疑犯，可疑对象 suspect (adj.) 不可靠的；不可信的；可疑的 suspicion (n.) 怀疑；猜疑；些许味道，少量 suspicious (adj.) 有疑心的，表示怀疑的；引起怀疑的，可疑的 unsuspecting (adj.) 不怀疑的，无猜疑的，可信任的 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar e.g. The statement of an interested party is naturally suspect. 当事人的陈述自然是可疑的。 I suspect that he is more or less involved in the affair. 我猜他和这件事多少有点牵连。 3.

Consolidation Activities- Word derivation- respect 3.2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening e.g. I’m suspicious of his story because I know he sometimes tells lies. 我对他的说法有疑惑，因为我知道他有时候会说谎。 This boy’s honesty is above / beyond suspicion. 这孩子的诚实是不容质疑的。 We were unsuspecting of the fact that he was the very boss there. 我们没料到他就是那里的老板。 Grammar

Consolidation Activities- Word derivation- respect 4.1 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening assist (v.) 帮助、协助、援助；在某场合出席，参加某事物 assistance (n.) 帮忙，援助 assistant (n.) 助手、助理；店员 assistant (adj.) （定语）协理、副经理 Grammar e.g. You will be expected to assist the editor with the selection of illustrations for the book. 你需要帮助编辑为这本书选取插图。 4.

Consolidation Activities- Word derivation- respect 4.2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening e.g. In the summer holiday, I will take a part-time job as a shop assistant. 我打算在暑假找一份店员的兼职工作。 Can I be of any assistance, madam? 女士，有什么可以帮你吗？ Grammar

Consolidation Activities- Word derivation- respect 5.1 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening employ (v.) 雇用某人；使用某人（某物），利用（时间、注意力等） employee (n.) 受雇者；雇员；雇工 employer (n.) 雇用者；雇主 employment (n.) 雇用；使用；受雇用；职业 unemployed (adj.) 未被雇用的；失业的；不在使用中的 unemployment (n.) 失业；失业状况；失业人数 Grammar 5.

Consolidation Activities- Word derivation- respect 5.2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening e.g. Unemployment has fallen again for the third consecutive month. 失业人数已经连续三个月下降了。 He has been unemployed for over a year. 他已经失业一年多了。 Do you think interview is the best way to choose competent employees? 你认为面试是选择有能力的员工的最好方法吗？ Grammar

Consolidation Activities- Word derivation- respect 6.1 prove (v.) 证明、证实；显示出是某事物 proof (n.) 证据、证物、证言；验证、证明 proof (adj.) 可防某事物的，有防护作用的；能抵御某事物的；（用以构成复合词）抗 …… 的；防 …… 的 disprove (v.) 证明（某事物）有误或有假 disproof (n.) 反证明；反证物 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 6.

Consolidation Activities- Word derivation- respect 6.2 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening e.g. The operation proved a complete success. 手术事实上是很成功的。 If anyone needs proof of Andrew Davies' genius as a writer, this novel is it. 如果谁需要证明安德鲁戴维斯写作方面的天份，那这部小说就是最好的证明。

Consolidation Activities- Vocabulary main Verbs of perception VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Tenses Special word order with as and though Present participle phrases used as adverbials

Consolidation Activities- Grammar1_1 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Use of simple past tense: 1) The simple past tense is used to talk about completed actions and habits in the past. e.g. Shakespeare died in 1616. We used to walk a mile in the morning when we were in London. 2) Past tense of verbs such as want, wonder, hope is used for polite inquiries. e.g.I wondered how you liked the film.

Consolidation Activities- Grammar1_2 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Use of past progressive: 1) The past progressive indicates a limited duration of time and is thus a convenient way to indicate that something took place (in the simple past) while something else was happening. e.g.Carlos lost his watch while he was running. 2) The past progressive can express incomplete action. e.g. I was sleeping on the couch when Bertie smashed through the door.

※ This use is even more polite and tentative than the simple past. Consolidation Activities- Grammar1_3 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening ※ as opposed to the simple past, which suggests a completed action e.g. I slept on the couch last night. 3) The past progressive is also used to poke fun at or criticize an action that is sporadic but habitual in nature. e.g.Tashonda was always handing in late papers. 4) We use the past progressive of verbs such as wonder to show politeness. e.g.I was wondering if you could give me a lift.

Consolidation Activities- Grammar1_4 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Use of past perfect tense: 1) The past perfect tense expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past. e.g. I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.

Consolidation Activities- Grammar1_5 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening 2) If the past perfect tense is not referring to an action at a specific time, it is not optional. Compare the examples below. Here the past perfect tense is referring to a lack of experience rather than an action at a specific time. For this reason, the past perfect tense cannot be used. e.g. She never saw a bear before she moved to Alaska. She had never seen a bear before she moved to Alaska. × √

Consolidation Activities- Grammar _P1 Practice: Complete the following sentences using the simple past, past progressive or past perfect tense. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening 1. 2. He watched the children for a moment. Some of them (bathe) in the sea, others (look) for shells, still others (play) in the sand. I thought my train (leave) at 14:33, and (be) very disappointed when I (arrive) at 14:30 and (learn) that it just (leave). I (find) later that I (use) an out-of-date timetable. Grammar were bathing ___________ were looking ___________ were playing ___________ was leaving __________ was ____ arrived ______ learned _______ had left ___ found _____ had used ________

Consolidation Activities- Grammar_P2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 3. 4. I (cycle) home yesterday when suddenly a man (step) into the road in front of me. I (go) quite fast but luckily I (manage) to stop in time and (not hit) him. She (play) the guitar while her sister (sing). was cycling __________ stepped _______ was going _________ managed ________ didn’t hit _________ was playing __________ was singing __________

Consolidation Activities- Grammar_P3 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 5. 6. I (try) to fill out the form, but I couldn’t answer half of the questions. They (want) me to include references, but I didn’t want to list my previous landlord because I (have) some problems with him in the past and I knew he wouldn't recommend me. I (end) up listing my father as a reference. When Jack (enter) the room, I (recognize, not) him because he (lose) so much weight and (grow) a beard. He looked totally different! tried____ wanted ______ had _______ ended ______ entered _______ didn’t recognize ______________ had lost _______ grown ______

Consolidation Activities- Grammar_POP1 The past progressive refers to an event in progress. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Grammar_POP2 We use the simple past tense to express a short action that happens in the middle of the long action. We can join the two ideas with when or while. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Grammar2 Verbs of perception are a set of verbs denoting the use of one of the physical senses. Some verbs of perception see, look at, hear, listen, and feel, along with watch and sense can be used with objects followed by verbs in -ing form, -ed form and infinitive form. e.g. We heard you leave. (Emphasis on our hearing.) We heard you leaving. (Emphasis on your leaving.) John has never heard the piece played before. (Emphasis on the passive voice of play.) VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Grammar_ P1 Practice: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the verbs in the brackets. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The instructor watched the student (take) the test. I heard the dog (bark), but it didn’t keep me awake. She felt herself (lift) up by the wind and (throw) to the ground. The missing boy was last seen (play) near the river. They knew her very well. They had seen her (grow) up from childhood. take____ barking _______ lifted_____ thrown______ playing ______ grow ____

Consolidation Activities- Grammar_3 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar In a concessive clause introduced by though or although, the complement or the adverbial can be placed at the beginning of the sentence. The formula for the inversion is: complement / adverbial + as / though + subject + predicate verb e.g. Old as / though he is, he works hard as a young man. Hard as / though he studied, he did not pass the examination.

Consolidation Activities- Grammar_ P1 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Practice ： Rewrite the following sentences according to the model. Model: Though it was brief, it had been spent in that big old house.  Brief as it was, it had been spent in that big old house. 1. Though he was poor, he was honest. Poor as / though he was, he was honest.

Consolidation Activities- Grammar_ P2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 3. Although he is a child, he knows a lot. Child as / though he is, he knows a lot. 2. Though I admire him much as a writer, I do not like him as a man. Much as / though I admire him as a writer, I do not like him as a man. 4. Though he worked hard, he didn’t finish the work satisfactorily. Hard as / though he worked, he didn’t finish the work satisfactorily.

Turning around, she saw an ambulance driving up. Knowing English well, he can read Shakespeare. Working still harder, you will succeed. Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. He sat at the window eating. Consolidation Activities- Grammar_4 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Present participle phrases can be used as adverbials to express reason, condition, time, result and attending circumstances. e.g. time ( ) reason ( ) condition ( ) result( ) attending circumstances( )

Consolidation Activities- Grammar_P1 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Practice: Fill in each blank with the proper form of the verb in the brackets and decide what it expresses. 1. 2. 3. He put the big box down on the floor, (breathe) heavily and (look) exhausted. (consider) the importance of the experiment, they checked the result again and again. This same thing, (happen) in the peacetime, would be a great disaster. happening _________ breathing ________ looking _______ Considering __________

Consolidation Activities- Grammar_P2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar 4. 5. We introduced a lot of advanced devices, thus (save) much time and labor. (hear) the news, they all jumped with joy. saving ______ Hearing _______

Consolidation Activities- Grammar_POP1 attending circumstances VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Grammar_POP2 reason VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Grammar_POP3 condition VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Grammar_POP4 result VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Grammar_POP5 time VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Translation1.1 1. 他为这次面试中可能被问到的问题做好了准备。 (confront) If you are confronted with a problem, task, or difficulty, you have to deal with it. If you confront a difficult situation or issue, you accept the fact that it exists and try to deal with it. If you are confronted by something that you find threatening or difficult to deal with, it is there in front of you. He has prepared answers to the questions that he expects to confront during the interview. VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening

Consolidation Activities- Translation1.2 Practice: 她要在事业和家庭之间作出抉择。她心里明白自己必须克服恐惧心理。 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar She was confronted with a choice between her career or family. She knew that she had to confront her fears. 面对愤怒的人群，警察只能撤退了。 Confronted by an angry crowd, the police retreated.

Consolidation Activities- Translation2.1 2. 他悲惨的遭遇深深打动了我们，我们几乎要哭出声来。 (touch) To touch sb. is to make somebody feel upset or sympathetic. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar His sad story touched us so deeply that we nearly cried.

Consolidation Activities- Translation2.2 Practice: 我感动得无法用言语来表达。他的话确实触动了我的心弦。 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar I was touched beyond words. What he said really touched my heart.

Consolidation Activities- Translation3.1 3. 上海人容易听懂苏州话，因为上海话和苏州话有许多共同之处。 (in common) To have something in common with somebody is to have the same interests and ideas as somebody else. To have something in common with something is to have the same features and characteristics. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar People from Shanghai can understand Suzhou dialect with ease, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common.

Consolidation Activities- Translation3.2 Practice: 约翰和我毫无共同之处。她已经和许多人一起申请参加训练。 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar John and I have nothing in common. In common with many others, she applied for a training programme.

Consolidation Activities- Translation4.1 4. 亨利和妻子正在考虑能不能在三年内买一幢新房子。 (look into) If a person or organization is looking into a possible course of action, a problem, or a situation, they are finding out about it and examining the facts related to it. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Henry and his wife are looking into the possibility of buying a new house within three years.

Consolidation Activities- Translation4.2 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Practice ：政府将研究如何降低失业率。你的案件正在调查之中。如果有事需要通知，我们会再写信给你的。 The government will look into how to reduce unemployment. Your case is being looked into. When we have anything to report, we will write to you again.

Consolidation Activities- Integrated skills VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Dictation Cloze

Consolidation Activities- Integrated skills_1 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Dictation

Consolidation Activities- Integrated skills_1 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Dictation You will hear a passage read three times. At the first reading, you should listen carefully for its general idea. At the second reading, you are required to write down the exact words you have just heard (with proper punctuation). At the third reading, you should check what you have written down.

Dictation Throughout history / the basic unit of almost every human society / has been the family. / Members of the family live together / under the same roof. / They share the economic burdens of life / as well as its joys. / The family head usually has considerable influence / in arranging marriages, / selecting careers / and determining all the important moves and purchases / by any member of the family. / Particularly in conditions / where society or the state / does not give aid / and the responsibilities of the family are greater, / this large group / provides better protection / in times of economic or other emergency. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Integrated skills_2.1 2. Cloze In England recently three foreign gentlemen went to a bus stop. They studied the information on the sign and decided which bus to take. About five minutes (1) the bus they wanted came along. They prepared to get on. Suddenly there was a clamour behind them. People rushed on to the bus and tried to (2) them out of the way. Someone shouted at the foreigners. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see (3) all the trouble was about. The three foreign gentlemen looked (4) and embarrassed. No one had told them about the British (5) of queuing for a bus (6) the first person who arrived at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus. later____ push ____ VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar what ____ puzzled _______ custom______ because _______

Consolidation Activities- Integrated skills_2.2 Learning the language of a country isn’t enough. If you want to ensure a pleasant visit, find out as much as possible about the manners and customs of your (7). You will probably be surprised just how different they can be from your own. A (8) to India will do well to remember that people there consider it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at (9). The left hand is supposed to be used for washing yourself. In Europe it is quite usual to cross legs when sitting talking to someone, even at an important meeting. Doing this when meeting an important person in Thailand, (10), could cause offence. It is considered too informal an attitude for such an occasion. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar hosts ____ visitor _____ table_____ however________

In England recently three foreign gentlemen went to a bus stop. They studied the information on the sign and decided which bus to take. About five minutes (1) the bus they wanted came along. They prepared to get on. Suddenly there was a clamour behind them. People rushed on to the bus and tried to (2) them out of the way. Someone shouted at the foreigners. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see (3) all the trouble was about. The three foreign gentlemen looked (4) and embarrassed. No one had told them about the British (5) of queuing for a bus (6) the first person who arrived at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus. later____ push ____ what ____ puzzled _______ custom______ because _______ Consolidation Activities- Hints1 Here you can use a word meaning “afterwards”. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

In England recently three foreign gentlemen went to a bus stop. They studied the information on the sign and decided which bus to take. About five minutes (1) the bus they wanted came along. They prepared to get on. Suddenly there was a clamour behind them. People rushed on to the bus and tried to (2) them out of the way. Someone shouted at the foreigners. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see (3) all the trouble was about. The three foreign gentlemen looked (4) and embarrassed. No one had told them about the British (5) of queuing for a bus (6) the first person who arrived at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus. later____ push ____ what ____ puzzled _______ custom______ because _______ Consolidation Activities- Hints2 With their hands, what can people do to make foreigners out of their way? VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

In England recently three foreign gentlemen went to a bus stop. They studied the information on the sign and decided which bus to take. About five minutes (1) the bus they wanted came along. They prepared to get on. Suddenly there was a clamour behind them. People rushed on to the bus and tried to (2) them out of the way. Someone shouted at the foreigners. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see (3) all the trouble was about. The three foreign gentlemen looked (4) and embarrassed. No one had told them about the British (5) of queuing for a bus (6) the first person who arrived at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus. later____ push ____ what ____ puzzled _______ custom______ because _______ Consolidation Activities- Hints3 A connective leading noun clause is needed here. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

In England recently three foreign gentlemen went to a bus stop. They studied the information on the sign and decided which bus to take. About five minutes (1) the bus they wanted came along. They prepared to get on. Suddenly there was a clamour behind them. People rushed on to the bus and tried to (2) them out of the way. Someone shouted at the foreigners. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see (3) all the trouble was about. The three foreign gentlemen looked (4) and embarrassed. No one had told them about the British (5) of queuing for a bus (6) the first person who arrived at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus. later____ push ____ what ____ puzzled _______ custom______ because _______ Consolidation Activities- Hints4 They didn’t know what was happing. How did they feel? VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

In England recently three foreign gentlemen went to a bus stop. They studied the information on the sign and decided which bus to take. About five minutes (1) the bus they wanted came along. They prepared to get on. Suddenly there was a clamour behind them. People rushed on to the bus and tried to (2) them out of the way. Someone shouted at the foreigners. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see (3) all the trouble was about. The three foreign gentlemen looked (4) and embarrassed. No one had told them about the British (5) of queuing for a bus (6) the first person who arrived at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus. Consolidation Activities- Hints5 What is the word meaning habitual practice? VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar later____ push ____ what ____ puzzled _______ custom______ because _______

In England recently three foreign gentlemen went to a bus stop. They studied the information on the sign and decided which bus to take. About five minutes (1) the bus they wanted came along. They prepared to get on. Suddenly there was a clamour behind them. People rushed on to the bus and tried to (2) them out of the way. Someone shouted at the foreigners. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see (3) all the trouble was about. The three foreign gentlemen looked (4) and embarrassed. No one had told them about the British (5) of queuing for a bus (6) the first person who arrived at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus. later____ push ____ what ____ puzzled _______ custom______ because _______ Consolidation Activities- Hints6 What is the relation between queuing and that the first person who arrived at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus? VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Learning the language of a country isn’t enough. If you want to ensure a pleasant visit, find out as much as possible about the manners and customs of your (7). You will probably be surprised just how different they can be from your own. A (8) to India will do well to remember that people there consider it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at (9). The left hand is supposed to be used for washing yourself. In Europe it is quite usual to cross legs when sitting talking to someone, even at an important meeting. Doing this when meeting an important person in Thailand, (10), could cause offence. It is considered too informal an attitude for such an occasion. hosts ____ visitor _____ table_____ however________ Consolidation Activities- Hints7 What do we call the people who receive you as guest? VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Learning the language of a country isn’t enough. If you want to ensure a pleasant visit, find out as much as possible about the manners and customs of your (7). You will probably be surprised just how different they can be from your own. A (8) to India will do well to remember that people there consider it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at (9). The left hand is supposed to be used for washing yourself. In Europe it is quite usual to cross legs when sitting talking to someone, even at an important meeting. Doing this when meeting an important person in Thailand, (10), could cause offence. It is considered too informal an attitude for such an occasion. hosts ____ visitor _____ table_____ however________ Consolidation Activities- Hints8 What do we call the people who go to other places? VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Learning the language of a country isn’t enough. If you want to ensure a pleasant visit, find out as much as possible about the manners and customs of your (7). You will probably be surprised just how different they can be from your own. A (8) to India will do well to remember that people there consider it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at (9). The left hand is supposed to be used for washing yourself. In Europe it is quite usual to cross legs when sitting talking to someone, even at an important meeting. Doing this when meeting an important person in Thailand, (10), could cause offence. It is considered too informal an attitude for such an occasion. hosts ____ visitor _____ table_____ however________ Consolidation Activities- Hints9 VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Where do you eat?

Learning the language of a country isn’t enough. If you want to ensure a pleasant visit, find out as much as possible about the manners and customs of your (7). You will probably be surprised just how different they can be from your own. A (8) to India will do well to remember that people there consider it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at (9). The left hand is supposed to be used for washing yourself. In Europe it is quite usual to cross legs when sitting talking to someone, even at an important meeting. Doing this when meeting an important person in Thailand, (10), could cause offence. It is considered too informal an attitude for such an occasion. hosts ____ visitor _____ table_____ however________ Consolidation Activities- Hints10 The same action is considered usual and offensive. What is the relationship? VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Oral activities_ main VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Giving a talk Having a discussion

Consolidation Activities- Oral activities_1.1 Giving a talk The text is the writer’s recall of the most important and unforgettable experiences that came about when he was between 10 and 12. As a child, he learned from his grandfather how one should come to terms with those sad moments which one would inevitably encounter in one’s life. Now imagine that you are the boy’s grandfather, and tell from your point of view what happened on the day when the family had to move from the old house. You could probably begin your narration with “The day finally came when the family had to move out of the old house. I found my little grandson Billy sitting alone in the back porch, crying bitterly. I understood how he was feeling. So I sat on the steps beside him and …” VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- For your reference_1.2 1. You may want to describe your grandson’s feeling as follows: For your reference: VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar upset, sad, bitter, lost, unhappy, sorrowful, misery, suffering 2. You may want to comfort your grandson by using the following words: courage, grow-up, fresh start, change, adjust to, love, friendship, curiosity, beloved, hand in hand, unforgettable

Consolidation Activities- For your reference_1.3 3. You may express the following viewpoints to your grandson: VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar — — Everybody will encounter such sorrowful moments. — Your heart and your soul still belong to here. — New home means new friends and a fresh start.

Consolidation Activities- Oral activities_2.1 Having a discussion In modern society people have become more mobile and the pace of life has become more rapid. It is quite common nowadays for people to move from place to place. Parting from family and friends, and whatever is close and dear to you has become a common occurrence. Discuss with your fellow students whether “saying goodbye” still means as much as it is supposed to. VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- For your reference_2.2 For your reference VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening 1. I think saying goodbye still means as much as it is supposed to be. Because it conveys the message “At this moment we may separate and we could not see each other for a while. However, we believe we still could meet each other at a specific time and we look forward to it.” 2. I think saying goodbye does not mean as much as it is supposed to be. With the hi-technology, people can meet each other online, by using mobile phones. Meanwhile, thanks to the development of the transportation, people find it convenient and easy to visit each other just in a few hours, or even in a few minutes. So, “goodbye” may be replaced by such expressions as “see you”, “see you later” or “I’ll come back soon”.

Consolidation Activities- Writing_ main VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar Sentence fragments Practice

Consolidation Activities- Writing_1.1 Sentence Fragments Some writers use fragments in their writing as a rhetorical device to achieve some specific effects. But for inexperienced writers like our students, the occurrence of fragments is most likely due to a weak sense of grammar or a confusion of ideas, or both. Generally speaking, sentence fragments that made by students can be divided into the following: VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar

Consolidation Activities- Writing_1.2 A. Missing-subject fragments VocabularyTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListeningGrammar A Missing-subject fragment has no subject. It comes about when a writer closes a sentence but then thinks of another detail to explain what he just said. To improve such a fragment, attach it to the sentence before or after, or add the missing subject to the fragment to create a complete sentence.

Consolidation Activities- Writing_1.3 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Example: Fragment: He is an independent devil. Think for himself. Revised: a.He is an independent devil and thinks for himself. b. He is an independent devil. He thinks for himself. Attach the loose verb think to the original sentence. Add the subject He to the fragment.

Consolidation Activities- Writing_1.4 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening B. Dependent-word fragments A dependent-word fragment is a dependent clause or a subordinate clause. It is patterned like a sentence, with both a subject and a verb in it, but begins with a word that marks it as subordinate. To eliminate a fragment of this kind, attach it to an adjoining sentence or delete the dependent word.

Consolidation Activities- Writing_1.5 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Example: Fragment: The decision seems fair. Because it considers all parties. Revised: a.The decision seems fair because it considers all parties. b. The decision seems fair. It considers all parties. Attach the fragment to the main clause. Delete the dependent word because, and change the subordinate clause to a complete sentence.

Consolidation Activities- Writing_1.6 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening C. -ing fragments An -ing fragment begins with a present participle or a gerund, but has no subject or verb. To correct such a fragment, attach it to the sentence before or after, or change the –ing verb to other word.

Consolidation Activities- Writing_1.7 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Example: Fragment: Seattle is a wonderful place to live. Having mountains, ocean, and forests all within easy driving distance. Revised: a. Having mountains, ocean, and forests all within easy driving distance, Seattle is a wonderful place to live. b. Seattle is a wonderful place to live, with mountains, ocean, and forests all within easy driving distance. Attach the -ing fragment to the sentence before. Change the –ing verb to with so as to make the fragment to be a part of the sentence before.

Consolidation Activities- Writing_1.8 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening D. To fragments A to fragment begins with a to-infinitive but has no subject or verb. To correct such a fragment, attach it to the sentence before or after, or add a subject and change the to- infinitive into its correct form.

Consolidation Activities- Writing_1.9 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Example: Fragment: He has one purpose in life. To enable his mother to lead a letter life. Revised: a. He has only one purpose in life. He wants to enable his mother to lead a better life. b. He has one purpose in life: to enable his mother to lead a better life. Add the subject He and verb want to the to fragment to make it a complete sentence. Change the to fragment to be a part of the sentence before.

Consolidation Activities- Writing_1.10 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening E. Added-detail fragments Added-detail fragments are just phrases standing alone. Writers want to add something that is separate from the previous part. Here is list of words to watch out for: especially, including, except, not even, particularly, such as, in addition, for example and other adverbial or prepositional phrases.

Consolidation Activities- Writing_1.11 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Example: Fragment: The South has produced some of our greatest twentieth century writers. Such as William Faulkner, Alice Walker, and Thomas Wolfe. Revised: The South has produced some of our greatest twentieth century writers, such as William Faulkner, Alice Walker, and Thomas Wolfe. Change the Added-detail fragment to be a part of the sentence before.

Consolidation Activities- Writing_P1 Practice Rewrite the following sentence fragments to make complete sentence. 1. Because we want to do something perfectly. (A dependent-word fragment) VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening a. We want to do something perfectly. b. Sometimes we tend to put off what we can do today till tomorrow simply because we want to do something perfectly. Revised:

Consolidation Activities- Writing_P2 2. Being born and bred in a city. ( An -ing fragment) 3. The dog ran around the yard. To find the ball. (A to fragment) VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening a. I was born and bred in a city. b. Being born and bred in a city, I am interested in everything in the countryside. The dog ran around the yard to find the ball. Revised:

Consolidation Activities- Writing_P3 4. Many unique animals live in Australia. Such as the kangaroo and the koala. (An added-detail fragment) VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Many unique animals live in Australia, such as the kangaroo and the koala. Revised: 5. You feel rewarded for your hard work. And get spiritual or sometimes material satisfaction. (A missing-subject fragment) You feel rewarded for your hard work and get spiritual or sometimes material satisfaction. Revised:

Consolidation Activities- Listening_ A Gifts and Cultures People in all countries enjoy gifts. Sometimes the meanings are different in other cultures. VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening A. Pre-listening activity. What kinds of gifts do you give when … 1. you go to a friend’s wedding? 2. you visit a friend or stay with a family in another country? 3. you celebrate a friend’s birthday? 4. you go to a business meeting? 5. you want to give something to someone you love?

Consolidation Activities- Listening_ B1 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening B. Listen to the narrator. What gifts do people give on the following occasions? And why? 1. An Australian girl is celebrating her 21st birthday. Gift: Why? a key-shaped birthday cake ________________________ It means the girl is an adult and can come home home at any time. _________________________________________ ________________ 2. An African couple is getting married. Gift: Why? a cow_____ It can bring good luck to the newly-weds.____________________________________

Consolidation Activities- Listening_B2 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening 3. Korean boy is going to take his university entrance tests in a week. Gift: Why? sticky rice candy _______________ It expresses the hope that the students will “stick to” the university. ___________________________________________ ________________

Consolidation Activities- Listening_ C1 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening C. Listen to the conversations, which item is not a good gift? Cross it out. And then explain why it is not a good gift. 1.China A. a handkerchief B. a big dinner Why not? A. A handkerchief means goodbye. 2. Argentina A. a tie B. a flower vase Why not? A. A tie is too personal.

Consolidation Activities- Listening_ C2 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening 3. Switzerland A. candy B. roses Why not? B. Roses mean love and romance. 4. Italy A. an even number of flowers B. an odd number of flowers Why not? A. Even numbers are unlucky.

Consolidation Activities- Listening_ C5 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening 5. Japan A. a pen and pencil set B. a set of four pens Why not? B. “Four” sounds like the word for “death” in Japanese.

Consolidation Activities- Listening_ BS VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Gifts and Cultures Narrator: In many countries, people give special gifts at certain times. Sometimes the customs seem unusual. For example, in Australia, a birthday cake for a 21-year-old is often shaped like a key. It means the person is an adult and can come home at any time. In parts of Africa, people give a cow as a wedding present, because they believe that a cow can bring good luck to the newly-weds. Before Korean students take university entrance tests, their friends give them sticky rice candy for luck. The friends hope that the students will pass the test and “stick to” the university. The following short conversations will tell you about different customs in China, Argentina, Switzerland, Italy and Japan.

Consolidation Activities- Listening_ CS1 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Number 1: China Woman: Did I tell you I'm going to China? Man: China? Great. Woman: Yes. I’m going to Shanghai on business. I have to buy some gifts. Man: Good idea. What are you going to take? Woman: I was thinking of bringing some handkerchiefs. They’re colorful, beautiful? also lightweight. I don’t want to carry anything heavy. Man: Ah, I don’t think you should give handkerchiefs. They aren’t a good gift in Chinese culture. Woman: Why not? Man: A handkerchief is a symbol of saying goodbye. Woman: Saying goodbye?

Consolidation Activities- Listening_ CS2 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Man: Yeah, like when you're going away... and people are crying, so they need a handkerchief. Actually, I’ve heard that one of the best things to give is a dinner — not a present, but a big dinner. It’s good for business.

Consolidation Activities- Listening_ CS2 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Number 2: Argentina Woman: This is interesting. Did you know that in Argentina you should never give clothing unless you know the person really well? Man: Don’t give clothing? Why not? Woman: Clothing — even things like ties — are too personal. Only good friends give them. Man: Huh? I never thought of a tie as being personal... just uncomfortable. What should you bring? Woman: I don’t know. Maybe something for the house.

Consolidation Activities- Listening_ CS2 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Number 3: Switzerland Man: We’re meeting Mr. Mertz and his wife for dinner. Maybe I should take flowers or something... Yeah, I’ll pick up some red roses. Woman: You’d better not give them roses. In Switzerland, they could be a symbol of love and romance. Man: Oh, I didn't know that. Woman: I think candy or chocolate might be better.

Consolidation Activities- Listening_ CS2 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Number 4: Italy Woman: I’d like some flowers. Uh... those. About ten, I guess. Man: Ma’am, I don't think you should give ten flowers. In Italy, even numbers — 2, 4, 6, and so on — are bad luck. Woman: Even numbers are bad luck? OK, I'll take nine flowers then.

Consolidation Activities- Listening_ CS2 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Number 5: Japan Woman: May I help you? Man: I’m going to stay with a family in Japan. I need to get something for them. Woman: Pen sets are always a good gift. Man: Oh, that’s a good idea. Let’s see... There are sets with a pen and pencil... and bigger sets with four pens. Woman: You said you're going to Japan? Man: Yeah. Woman: Don’t give a set of four pens — in fact, don’t give four of anything. Man: Why not? Woman: The Japanese word for “four” sounds like the word for “death.” It’s bad luck.

Consolidation Activities- Listening_ CS2 VocabularyGrammarTranslationIntegrated skillsOral activitiesWritingListening Man: Thanks for telling me. I’ll take the pen and pencil set. Woman: Good choice. These sets make very good gifts. After all, pens write in any language! Man: Uh... yeah. Right.

Section Five Further Enhancement Text IIMemorable quotes Lead-in questions Text Questions for discussion

Lead-in Questions Lead-in questions Text IIMemorable quotes 1. How would you react to a crisis, especially when you feel scary? 2. Who do you think are better at handling crisis, men or women? Why?

1. The country is India. A colonial official and his wife are giving a large dinner party. They are seated with their guests — army officers and government attaches and their wives, and a visiting American naturalist — in their spacious dining room, which has a bare marble floor, open rafters, and wide glass doors opening onto a veranda. 2. A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who insists that women have outgrown the jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era and a colonel who says that they haven’t. The Dinner Party Mona Gardner Text1 Text IIMemorable quotes

3. “A woman’s unfailing reaction in any crisis,” the colonel says, “is to scream. And while a man may feel like it, he has that ounce more of nerve control than a woman has. And that last ounce is what counts.” 4. The American does not join in the argument but watches the other guests. As he looks, he sees a strange expression come over the face of the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her muscles contracting slightly. With a slight gesture she summons the servant standing behind her chair and whispers to him. The servant’s eyes widen, and he quickly leaves the room. Text2 Text IIMemorable quotes

Text3 Text IIMemorable quotes 5. Of the guests, none except the American notices this or sees the servant place a bowl of milk on the veranda just outside the open doors. 6. The American comes to with a start. In India, milk in a bowl means only one thing — bait for a snake. He realizes there must be a cobra in the room. He looks up at the rafters — the likeliest place — but they are bare. Three corners of the room are empty, and in the fourth the servants are waiting to serve the next course. There is only one place left — under the table.

Text4 Text IIMemorable quotes 7. His first impulse is to jump back and warn the others, but he knows the commotion would frighten the cobra into striking. He speaks quickly, the tone of his voice so arresting that it sobers everyone. 8. “I want to know just what control everyone at this table has. I will count three hundred — that’s five minutes — and not one of you is to move a muscle. Those who move will forfeit 50 rupees. Ready?”

Text5 Text IIMemorable quotes 9. The twenty people sit like stone images while he counts. He is saying “… two hundred and eighty...” when, out of the corner of his eye, he sees the cobra emerge and make for the bowl of milk. Screams ring out as he jumps to slam the veranda doors safely shut. 10. “You were right, Major!” the host exclaims. “A man has just shown us an example of perfect control.”

Text6 Text IIMemorable quotes 11. “Just a minute,” the American says, turning to his hostess. “Mrs. Wynnes, how did you know that cobra was in the room?” 12. A faint smile lights up the woman’s face as she replies: “Because it was crawling across my foot.”

Mona Gardner (1900-1981) was born in Seattle, Washington. She lived in Hong Kong, South Africa, and California, among other places, and she also traveled widely. Many of her novels and stories are set in Asia. The Dinner Party, her best-known short story, takes place in India earlier last century, when India was still a colony ruled by Great Britain. Text1 –Mona Gardner Text IIMemorable quotes

colonial official (Paragraph 1): a British citizen appointed to a governmental position in India, a British colony for many, many years until 1974 Text1 – colonial Text IIMemorable quotes

attaches (Paragraph 1): persons with special duties on the staff of an embassy to another country Text1 –attaches Text IIMemorable quotes

… that women have out growing the jumping-on-a- chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era (Paragraph 2): … that women have passed the time when they would jump on a chair at the sight of a mouse. Here the word, a typical example of journalistic style, jumping-on-a-chair-at-the- sight-of-a-mouse is a compound adjective formed from an attributive clause. Text1 –that women Text IIMemorable quotes

And while a man may feel like it, he has that ounce more of nerve control than a woman has, and that last ounce is what counts. (Paragraph 3): Even though a man is also likely to “jump on a chair at the sight of a mouse,” he has at least the last bit of self-control to refrain himself from jumping up. And it is the self-control that matters. Text2–.And while Text IIMemorable quotes

The American comes to with a start (Paragraph 6): The American becomes aware of the potential danger with a sudden shock. This sentence is grammatically loose, for the phrase “come to”, being used to express that sb. begins to realize sth., is not followed by a necessary object, i.e., sth. happening, etc. Text3–The American Text IIMemorable quotes

Rupees (Paragraph 8): Indian coins. Ten rupees was worth about one US dollar at the time of the story. Text4- Rupees Text IIMemorable quotes

Questions for discussion Questions for discussion1 1.On what topic did the colonel and the young girl disagree? They disagreed on whether women were still easily scared. Text IIMemorable quotes A strange expression came over the face of the hostess: she was staring straight ahead and her facial muscles contracted slightly. 2. What kind of expression did the American notice came over the face of the hostess?

Questions for discussion3 3. What did the American realize was happening when he noticed bowl of milk? He realized that there must be a cobra in the room because the bowl of milk meant bait for a snake. Text IIMemorable quotes Questions for discussion 4. How did the American react to the crisis? He stayed calm at the table and gave others a warning in an arresting voice. He let the others stay at the table and counted down the time or forfeited one who moved.

Questions for discussion4 5. What did the American say to make sure that everyone remained perfectly still? Because the hostess, with the help of the American, had just escaped the danger of a possible attack by a cobra. Text IIMemorable quotes Questions for discussion 6. What qualities did both the American and the hostess display? Both of them, a man and a woman, demonstrated admirable self-control.

Memorable quotes Memorable Quotes Read the following quotes and interpret the importance of family or family bonds implied in them. Text IIMemorable quotes Guidance: Family is where our roots take hold and where we grow. A close family bond is like a safe harbor where we find refuge. Rituals of bedtime stories, hugs, holidays and daily meals shared together, provide a sense of warmth, and safety. These rituals and traditions, not only create memories, but create our first path in life — one that is positive.

Memorable Quotes in the bosom of sth.: in a situation in which you are with people who love and protect you 1. The happiest moments of life have been the few which I have passed at home in the bosom of my family. — Thomas Jefferson e.g. He spent the weekend in the bosom of his family. Text IIMemorable quotes When I look at my life, those happiest moments are spent at home with my family who love me and make me feel safe. Memorable Quotes

We love our home — the place our bodies may leave, but we are emotionally attached to it forever. but not: used to introduce a word or phrase that contrasts with what was said before 2. Where we love is home, Home that our feet may leave, but not our hearts. — Oliver Wendell Holmes We can buy a house, but not a home. Memorable Quotes e.g. Text IIMemorable quotes

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Unit1 Cultural information Cultural information 1.1 Cultural information Quote Bertrand Russell: Young men who have reason to fear that they will be.

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Unit1 Cultural information Cultural information 1.1 Cultural information Quote Bertrand Russell: Young men who have reason to fear that they will be.

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