1. COLLABORATIVE FISHERIES MANAGEMENT INITIATIVES RUFIJI-MAFIA-KILWA (RUMAKI) SEASCAPE PROGRAMME WWF-TANZANIA

2. Programme area approx. 9,000 km2 Coastal population 137,728
Rufiji-Mafia-Kilwa Seascape among 6 priority seascapes for WWF programme in coastal E Africa
Programme area approx. 9,000 km2 Coastal population 137,728

3. Beach Management Unit (BMU) establishment in all coastal villages-Fisheries Act, 2003 part 5 sect 18 (1)
Co-management in TZ is an Agreement between BMUs, District authorities & Fisheries Division

4. PROGRAMME GOAL:
Improve socio-economic well-being of coastal communities in Rufiji, Mafia and Kilwa through sustainable, participatory and equitable use and protection of fisheries & other marine resources.

5. Specifically Promote collaborative FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
RAISE AWARENESS on project objectives and fisheries management
Strengthen LIVELIHOODS by improving environment for small-scale enterprise
Protection of HABITATS & SPECIES
MONITORING to provide data for management

6. KEY PARTNERS Coastal communities Mafia District Rufiji District
Kilwa District
Fisheries Division of Min. of Livestock & Fisheries

7. Why fisheries co-management in TZ?
Open access fisheries
Why fisheries co-management in TZ?
Destructive fishing practices
Limited central & local govt capacity
Declining stocks esp. export fisheries
Conflict btwn trawlers & artisanal fishers
What are the features leading to EAME prioritisation of the seascape?

8. Collaborative Fisheries Management (CFM)
Strategy: Empower coastal communities to take advantage of provisions of the Fisheries Act, 2003 to decentralise decision-making, planning and management of fisheries resources, in collaboration with govt.
Approach:
Livelihood development
Awareness raising to communities for establish management institutions (BMUs /CFMAs)

9. LIVELIHOODS PROGRAMME (2006 to date)
Village savings & loans
96 microfinance groups/ 2000 members
to date 6,500 loans of total value 2.2 million US$ generated. >90% repayment
Mariculture trials:
Milkfish (1,800US$), mud crabs - success (5,000 US$), pearl oysters (10,000 US$) revenue & a lot of lesson learning
43 Mariculture enterprise groups
Enterprise support
Enterprise grants (360,000 US$) and enterprise and skills training provided to 157 enterprise groups

10. Development of BMU guidelines & CFM Roadmap
STEPS FOR BMU/CCC FORMATION
Development of national task force on CFM
Development of BMU guidelines & CFM Roadmap
District level awareness and lobbying for action
Institutional dev’t at VILLAGE LEVEL (BMU)
Institutional dev’t at CCC/ WARD LEVEL – (CFMA)

11. Institutional dev’t at village level (BMU)
STEP 1. Raise awareness on fisheries resources ownership and management - Key Players (Change Agents)
District Change Agents:
Role: To sensitize communities
and provide technical information
Village change agents:
Role: Discussion with fisher folk on registration of members for BMU formation.

12. Registration & Election of office bearers
Step 2. Formation of BMUs
Registration & Election of office bearers
Roles of BMU:
Preparation and
Implementation of
Management plans, Bylaws & workplans
Surveillance activities (laws enforcement)
Collection of revenue and fisheries data
Education and
Information sharing
Composition of BMU office bearers

13. Step 3. Build capacity at community level (BMU & Village leaders)
1. Training Governance & leadership skills
3. Fisheries policy & legislation awareness raising & Bylaws development
4. Fish catch data collection training
5. Surveillance training – surveillance protocol
2. Study visits to Tanga & Lake Victoria (10 times)
8. Fund raising & financial management training- BMU financial sustainability strategy
7. Training in fisheries resources use planning inc. problem identification, analysis & development of 5 yr plans

14. Step 3. Build capacity cont…………….
Provision of 6 Boats and other surveillance equipments to BMUs
District level capacity-building on CFM through training on:
Change agent
Computer & data management
3. Collaborative natural resources management course
4. Exchange visits
5. Attending & facilitating the village level meetings

15. STEP 4: Sharing of fishing grounds through shared management system – Development of CFMAs (LMMAs)
CFMA - local management area within geographical coastal and marine area of the territorial waters of Tanzania, designated using legislative and administrative processes.
Fisheries Regulations, 2009 –Regulation 133 (10) provides for BMUs to associate with others to form higher level co-management structures (CFMAs) for purpose of planning, management & development
Establishing framework & guidelines for Collaborative Fisheries Management Areas (CFMAs)
GUIDELINES FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF COLLABORATIVE FISHERIES
MANAGEMENT AREAS (CFMAs) IN COASTAL AND MARINE WATERS
OF TANZANIA
THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
MINISTRY OF LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT AND FISHERIES
PREPARED BY
FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT DIVISION AND WORLD WIDE FUND FOR NATURE
NOVEMBER, 2010

16. Step 6. Development of co-ordination framework
Involves:
BMUs identify neighbouring BMUs with whom to form a CFMA
Formation of CFMA Co-ordinating Committees (CCCs),
Harmonized CFMA management plan & bylaws
Identification of boundaries – CFMA Maps & Agreement
Joint implementation plans
Roles of CCC:
Harmonization of CFMA & work Plans
Overseeing implementation of CFMA plans
Sharing joint implementation issues
Ensure good governance among BMUs
BMU 1
BMU 4
BMU 3
BMU 2
CFMA
& CCC

17. ACHIEVEMENTS (2006-2011): community level
25 BMUs established & strengthened
6 CFMAs Comprising 21 BMUs with total area: 2,498 sq km (28% of RUMAKI area),
16 small no-take zones approx sq km (2.5% of the total CFMA area) initially 2 yr closure
Dev’t of 6 CFMA plans & Agreement with Director of fisheries
Mafia Island
Marine Park

18. Achievements ACHIEVEMENTS (2006-2011): community level
1. Development of sustainable financing plans, inclusion of BMU budget in District plans (5% of fisheries budget) & increased village revenues
3. BMUs active in surveillance & catch monitoring
4. Perceived increase in fish availability
5. Reduction in illegal fishing activities including dynamite fishing & seine nets
5. BMU guidelines on migrant fisher camps
6. Increased frequency & reporting of dugong sightings
Achievements

19. Achievements ACHIEVEMENTS (2006-To date): national & district
7. Production of Fisheries Regulations in Kiswahili (3,000 copies)
8. Documents for implementation and sharing lessons including:
i) BMU guideline
ii) CFMA guideline
iii)Anti-dynamite strategies
iv) Village/BMU Bylaws
v) Surveillance protocol
9. Fisheries revenues in District has doubled
10. BMUs are now contributing to social development
11. Replication of the project achievement in other coastal areas

20. Challenges
Party political interference and negative perceptions of MPAs
on BMU establishment in Kilwa
Migrant & seine net fishers destabilize support for CFMAs
Weak participation from District authority counterparts
Limited opportunities for BMUs fundraising
No consistent national programme for CFM development
co-management model has potential in TZ, BUT ONLY IF there is adequate:
sustained community capacity-building
better integration with district authority plans
continued complementary livelihood support

21. Final thoughts …
Historical experience in TZ has shown importance of setting no-takes zones in broader fisheries co-management framework
Initial emphasis in RUMAKI CFMAs is more likely to be on REGULATING ACCESS and DESTRUCTIVE GEARS. no-take zones may gain more support as time goes on.
Setting up MPAs / LMMAs is actually the easy part!
Making them functional / financially sustainable over yrs is the main challenge, it takes time, funding and commitments.

22. Thank you!
For listening