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HIV & AIDS Cases in Alameda County Presentation to the CCPC August 24, 2011 Elaine Bautista & Alex Marr.

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Presentation on theme: "HIV & AIDS Cases in Alameda County Presentation to the CCPC August 24, 2011 Elaine Bautista & Alex Marr."— Presentation transcript:

1 HIV & AIDS Cases in Alameda County Presentation to the CCPC August 24, 2011 Elaine Bautista & Alex Marr

2 What is Epidemiology? The study of the distributions (who, where and when) and determinants (what and why) of morbidity (sickness) and mortality (death) among human populations

3 AIDS Epidemiology Terminology  Proportion = Percent of cases  Incidence = new cases in time period  Prevalence = existing cases in time period  Cumulative = all cases ever reported regardless if alive or deceased

4 Rate  The occurrence of an event (disease), accounting for the size of the population  Infers a measure of time  Allows for comparisons of populations  The number of cases occurring during a specific time period divided by the population during that time period  Usually expressed per 1,000 or 100,000

5 Rate (Cont.)

6 Case Rate Example: the rate in Alameda County for 2000 is: and the rate among African Americans in 2000 is: * 100,000 Number of cases Total Population = Rate 225___ 1,443,741 x 100,000= 15.6 x 100,000 = 60.2 _127___ 211,124

7  When stratified by race and sex, some HIV diagnostic values are too low to ascertain a case rate. We present the full race breakdown by percentage of new HIV diagnoses. However, we focused on the following three races with high enough counts for the 2006-2010 trend: Latino African American White  As HIV surveillance by name was implemented in 2006, HIV diagnostic data before 2006 may not be comparable.  For the purposes of this presentation, cases (including transgender cases) are categorized by the Sex at birth. Caveats – Potential Limitations

8 HIV/AIDS Diagnoses, Deaths and persons Living with HIV/AIDS Alameda Co.California Diagnosis of HIV, 2010108-- Diagnosis of AIDS, 2010137-- Average HIV/AIDS Rate, 2008-1019.8 per 100,000 -- Cumulative diagnosis of HIV, 1980-2010 1,41341,892 Cumulative diagnosis of AIDS infection, 1980-2010 8,038159,329 Cumulative deaths in persons with HIV 231,385 Cumulative deaths in persons with AIDS 4,34588,842

9 HIV & AIDS Infections by Year of Diagnosis and Deaths among Persons with HIV Infection

10 HIV/AIDS Cases by Sex

11 Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). eHARS. Atlanta, Georgia: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, [2006-2010]. Number of Newly Reported HIV (non-AIDS) Cases, Alameda County 2006-2010

12 Annual HIV/AIDS Case rates by Race/Ethnicity and Year of Diagnosis

13 Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). eHARS. Atlanta, Georgia: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, [2006-2010]. Percentage of Newly Reported HIV (non-AIDS) Cases By Race/Ethnicity, Alameda County 2006-2010

14 Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). eHARS. Atlanta, Georgia: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, [2006-2010]. Percentage of Newly Reported HIV (non-AIDS) Cases By Race/Ethnicity, Alameda County 2006-2010

15 Newly Reported HIV/AIDS Infections by Reported Transmission Mode and Sex, Alameda County 2000-2010

16 Newly Reported HIV/AIDS Infections among Males by Reported Transmission Mode and Race/Ethnicity, Alameda County, 2000-2010 Latino Males

17 Newly Reported HIV/AIDS Infections among Females by Reported Transmission Mode by Race/Ethnicity, Alameda County, 2000-2010 Latina

18 Injection Drug Users (includes IDU and MSM&IDU)

19 Case Rates of Newly Reported HIV (non-AIDS) Cases by Race/Ethnicity, Alameda County 2006-2010 Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). eHARS. Atlanta, Georgia: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, [2006-2010].

20 Case Rates of Newly Reported HIV (non-AIDS) Cases by Race/Ethnicity, Alameda County 2006-2010

21 HIV and AIDS Cases by Age Group Alameda County, 2000-2010

22 HIV (non-AIDS) Cases by Age Group, Alameda County 2000-2010

23 AIDS Cases by Age Group, Alameda County 2000-2010

24 Persons Living with HIV/AIDS Alameda County, 1990-2010

25 Demographic Characteristics of PLWH/A * (Includes cases residing in Alameda County but diagnosed elsewhere)

26

27 Case Fatality = the number of deaths in a sub-population MALES Race/ Ethnicity Cumulative Total HIV+ Cases #DeathsCase Fatality African Amer 3183152948.0% Amer Ind/ AK Native 16637.5% Asian/ Pac Isl 2888027.8% Latino102335835.0% White3410187254.9% FEMALES Race/ Ethnicity Cumulative Total HIV+ Cases #DeathsCase Fatality African Amer 96333134.4% Amer Ind/ AK Native 7685.7% Asian/ Pac Isl 641421.9% Latina1564528.9% White2349741.5%

28 Late Testers  The number of individuals who progress to AIDS within one year of initial HIV diagnosis. Includes those with HIV & AIDS simultaneous diagnosis.  As a % of AIDS Cases 3791 8038 = 47.2%  As a % of all HIV Positive Cases 3791 9451 = 40.1%

29 Late Testers

30 Percent Late Testers among each Demographic Characteristics (% of Group who were Late Testers)

31 Characteristics of Late Testers(n=3791)

32 Characteristics of Transgendered Persons in Alameda Co. # Cases

33 Conclusions  The number of diagnosed HIV cases surpassed the number of AIDS cases in 2010.  HIV/AIDS cases are predominantly among Males. Females comprise 15-20% of diagnosed cases.  African Americans comprise the majority of HIV/AIDS cases, followed by Whites and Latinos.  HIV/AIDS is diagnosed predominantly among individuals aged 20-49. A slight increase in older adults age 50 years and above has been seen in recent years.  New way of looking at Persons Living with HIV/AIDS to include new residents who were diagnosed elsewhere.  New ways of looking at late testers. The use of the data will depend on the completeness of the surveillance data and the message being conveyed.


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