1. Test Format 60 Multiple Choice 10 Matching

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3. Questions 1 Name something that typically occurs when a cell or organ has been activated by the endocrine system? Answer: It can change the permeability or electrical state of the cell membrane, cause the synthesis of proteins or certain regulatory molecules, activate or inactivate enzymes, or stimulate mitosis

4. Questions 2 Location 3 Answer: Pituitary Gland

5. Questions 3 Glucagon is released by what cells? Answer: alpha

6. Questions 4 The endocrine system releases the following type of molecule to influence the body. Answer: hormones

7. Questions 5 This hormone produced by the adrenal gland increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood glucose levels to bring about a “flight or fight” response when dealing with a stressful situation. Answer: adrenaline

8. Questions 6 This is when the thyroid gland is not working properly and the thyroid produces too many hormones. Answer: hyperthyroidism

9. Questions 7 __________________ is the major hormone secreted by thyroid follicles. Answer: thyroxine

10. Questions 8 Old age has a greater impact on the _________ endocrine system. Answer: female

11. Questions 9 Name a hormone that is produced by the adrenal cortex Answer: sex hormones mineralocorticords glucocorticoids

12. Questions 10 What type of hormone is parathormone? Answer: hypercalcemic

13. Questions 11 What acts with estrogen to bring about the menstrual cycle? Answer: progesterone

14. Questions 12 Glucagon’s actions are _____glycemic? Answer: hyper

15. Questions 13 There are usually how many parathyroid glands? Answer: 4

16. Questions 14 Steroid hormones called mineralocorticoids regulate mineral content of the blood. Their target is the _______________ tubules that absorb minerals and allow them to be flushed out of the body in urine. Answer: kidney

17. Questions 15 These chemicals that are used by the endocrine system to affect specific organs or cells and cause them to alter their cellular activities. Answer: hormones

18. Questions 16 This type of hormone is made from highly active lipids found in the cells’ plasma membranes. Answer: prostaglandins

19. Questions 17 The parathyroid’s purpose is to regulate ______________. Answer: calcium

20. Questions 18 This type of hormone is made from cholesterol and includes the sex hormones and adrenal cortex hormones. Answer: steroids

21. Questions 19 This gland is made up entirely of neural tissue. Answer: pineal body

22. Questions 20 What is the thyroid hormone often referred to as the body’s major _______________ hormone? Answer: metabolic

23. Questions 21 “As blood glucose levels drop, the stimulus for insulin release ends.” This statement is a great example of ____. Answer: Negative

24. Questions 22 This is the name of the female gonad. Answer: ovaries

25. Questions 23 This refers to when a endocrine system is stimulated by changing levels of hormones. Answer: hormonal

26. Questions 24 When calcium levels are low in the blood, PTH is produced to move calcium from the _________ to the blood. Answer: bones

27. Questions 25 The parathyroid is ______________ to the thyroid. Answer: posterior

28. Questions 26 The Anterior Pituitary release of hormones is controlled by what? Answer: Hypothalamus

29. Questions 27 What two organs does parathyroid hormone stimulate? Answer: kidneys and intestines

30. Questions 28 This is often called the “Master Endocrine Gland?” Answer: Anterior Pituitary Gland

31. Questions 30 Compared to the nervous system, the messages from the endocrine system travel _________________. Answer: slower

32. Questions 29 Which of the following best describes the shape of the adrenal gland? Answer: Bean shaped

33. Questions 31 What are male sex hormones called? Answer: androgens

34. Questions 32 Which of the following is NOT a response of the body to the endocrine system. Answer: emotions

35. Questions 33 Location 8 Answer: Pancreas

36. Questions 34 This refers to when a endocrine system is stimulated by nerves. Answer: neural

37. Questions 35 This refers to when a endocrine system is stimulated by changing levels of salts or nutrients. Answer: humoral

38. Questions 36 What specific portion of the adrenal gland does Andernocorticotropic Hormone target? Answer: The Cortex Portion

39. Questions 37 ___ is the only hormone that decreases blood glucose levels. Answer: Insulin

40. Questions 38 What stimulates the development of the secondary sex characteristics in a female’s growth and maturation? Answer: Graagian follicles

41. Questions 39 This portion of the adrenal gland develops from a knot of nervous tissue. Answer: medulla

42. Questions 40 Organs or cells that are affected by specific chemicals released by the endocrine system are know as __________ organs or cells. Answer: target

43. Questions 41 The parathyroid are tiny masses of what type of tissue? Answer: glandular

44. Questions 42 This organ of the endocrine system is derived from epithelium of the oral cavity and a neural tissue projection of the hypothalamus. Answer: pituitary gland

45. Questions 43 Where is the thyroid located? Answer: the base of the throat

46. Questions 44 This is a condition in females when the efficiency of the ovaries start to decline, which results in the loss of reproductive abilities. Answer: menopause

47. Questions 45 This is when excessive water and sodium are retained and a tumor appears in the middle cortical area. Answer: Cushing’s syndrome

48. Questions 46 This type of hormone action requires a second hormone to be activated to trigger the desired effect within a cell. Answer: amino acid based hormone action

49. Questions 47 Name a result of a declining endocrine system in older adults. Answer: Less disease resistance Muscle atrophy Altered metabolism Type II Diabetes

50. Questions 48 The endocrine system is also known as the ___________ gland system. Answer: ductless

51. Questions 49 When do the ovaries start to function? Answer: puberty

52. Questions 50 This is a temporary organ that forms in the uterus during pregnancy. Answer: placenta

53. Questions 51 The pancreas is located in which cavity? Answer: Abdominal

54. Questions 52 This helps the kidneys absorb more water, creating more blood and less urine. Answer: Antidiuretic hormone

55. Questions 53 This gland is usually large in infants and acts as an incubator for the maturation of a special group of white blood cells. Answer: thymus

56. Questions 54 This chemical is used in the body to control our sleep cycle as well as coordinates the hormones of fertility. Answer: melatonin

57. Questions 55 This type of hormone is made from cholesterol and includes the sex hormones and adrenal cortex hormones. Answer: steroids

58. Questions 56 Location 9 Answer: ovary