1. MODERNISM Modernism allowed artists to assert their freedom to create in a new style and provide them with a mission to define the meaning of their times.. Early 20 th Century Art was influenced by… the beginning of the atomic age existentialism (Nietzsche)- “God is Dead” the invention of psychoanalysis Freud-inner drives control human behavior Jung-collective unconscious The Russian Revolution The Great War (humanity’s inhumanity) The Great Global Depression the rise of the “Avant Garde”

2. Mrs. Germano sums up the early 1900s with the three types: THE EXPRESSIVE (color) THE ABSTRACT (shape) THE WEIRD (form & fantasy)

3. Expressionism The use of uncharacteristic colors chosen by the artist…  to release of the artist’s inner vision  to evoke feelings from the viewer Fauvism German Expressionism Der Blaue Reiter

4. Fauvism  very short-lived (1904-1908)  influenced from the work of Post-Impressionists like Gauguin & Cezanne  full of violent, ARBITRARY color and bold distortion, brutal brushstrokes  Shocking to the critics and the public  “Fauves”- French for ‘Wild Beasts’  Artists wore the label with pride  Color’s structural, expressive, and aesthetic capabilities

5. Henri Matisse, The Joy of Life, 1905-06. FAUVISM

6. Henri Matisse, The Joy of Life, 1905-06 Flat planes of color, bold outlines come from Gauguin - also humanity in a state of nature - pagan scene like a bacchanal “genius of omission”- radical simplification The act of painting was joyous for him and his paintings show this

7. Henri Matisse The Red Studio, 1911. Believed that color was the formal element most responsible for pictorial coherence… Color was not meant to imitate nature, but to express inner emotions

8. Henri Matisse, The Dance, 1909. FAUVISM

9. Henri Matisse, Green Stripe, 1905. FAUVISM

10. Henri Matisse, La Musique, 1939. FAUVISM

11. Georges Rouault The Old King, 1916-37. FAUVISM Georges Rouault Fauvism with political connotations Reminiscent of stained glass because Rouault was an apprentice of the trade A figure of merciless authority clutching flowers

12. German Expressionism “Die Brucke” (The Bridge) Color is important, but equal to that of distortion of images and violent brushstrokes Movement centered in Dresden, Germany and led by Ernst Kirschner Thought of themselves as bridging the old age of art with the new Influenced by medieval craft guilds- lived and worked together equally Focused on the detrimental effects of industrialization Ernst Kirschner, Self Portrait as a Soldier, 1915. GERMAN EXPRESSIONISM

13. Ernst Kirschner, Two Women in the Street, 1914. GERMAN EXPRESSIONISM

14. Kathe Kollwitz, The Survivors, 1923. GERMAN EXPRESSIONISM Kathe Kollwitz Worked almost exclusively in printmaking and drawing Themes of inhumanity and injustice The plight of workers and war victims Son died during first week of WWI

15. Kathe Kollwitz, The Grieving Parents, 1932. GERMAN EXPRESSIONISM

16. Kathe Kollwitz, Woman With Dead Child, 1903 etching. GERMAN EXPRESSIONISM

17. The Outbreak, Kathe Kollwitz, 1903, etching

18. Vassily Kandinsky, Composition VII, 1913. Der Blaue Reiter (The Blue Rider) Another German Expressionist movement that produced feeling as visual FORM – not just color Complete abstraction- non-objective work - elimination of representation Knew about music, literature, science (the atomic theory) - material objects have no structure or purpose Orchestration of color, form, line, and space- blueprints for an enlightened and liberated society, emphasizing spirituality

19. Vassily Kandinsky, Composition VII, 1913. DER BLAUE REITER

20. Vassily Kandinsky, Composition VI, 1913. DER BLAUE REITER

21. Vassily Kandinsky, Contrasting Sounds, 1924. DER BLAUE REITER

22. Kandinsky. Concentric Circles.

23. Franz Marc, Dog Lying In the Snow, 1910-11. DER BLAUE REITER

24. Franz Marc, Yellow Cow, 1911. DER BLAUE REITER

25. Franz Marc, Foxes, 1913. DER BLAUE REITER

26. Franz Marc, The Lamb, 1913-14. DER BLAUE REITER

27. Franz Marc, Fighting Forms, 1914. DER BLAUE REITER

28. 1913 Armory Show New York City First American show to exhibit works by Impressionist, Post- Impressionist, Cubist, Fauvist and Early 20 th Century Europeans Over 1250 works by 300 artists Started in New York, then traveled to Chicago and Boston The NY Times called it “pathological”…

30. It was a good show, but don’t do it again… - critic

32. Marsden Hartley, Portrait of a German Officer 1914. Marsden Hartley was an American living in Munich and was directly influenced by these European movements

33. Gustav Klimt The Kiss 1907-08. VIENNA SUCCESSION (Austrian Art Nouveau)

34. Gustav Klimt Adele Bloch-Bauer I 1907. VIENNA SUCCESSION (Austrian Art Nouveau)

35. Gustav Klimt Judith with Head of Holofernes, 1901. VIENNA SUCCESSION (Austrian Art Nouveau)