1. Principles of Animal Diseases

2. Non-Infectious Disease Causes
Faulty nutrition- ration is not balanced
Metabolic disorder- not adequately digested
Trauma- wounds or injuries

3. Non-Infectious Disease Causes
Toxic substances- poisonous materials such as chemicals, plants, snakes and spiders
Congenital defects- birth defects

4. Cattle diseases
Brucellosis- causes abortion during last half of pregnancy, afterbirth retention or sterility

5. Cattle diseases
Shipping fever- complex with many symptoms such as closed eyes, fever, coughing, diarrhea, or discharge from nose and is more common in young cattle during times of stress such as shipping

6. Cattle diseases
Many others such as pinkeye, leptospirosis, foot rot, scours, and blackleg
Pink eye:

7. Swine diseases
TGE: transmissible gastroenteritis- caused by a very contagious virus that has symptoms of vomiting, diarrhea, with white, yellow or green feces and kills almost 100% of baby pigs infected

8. Coronaviridae

9. Swine diseases
Pseudorabies: caused by a virus that has symptoms of fever, vomiting, convulsions, tremors, and causes sudden death of young pigs within 24 hours of appearance of symptoms

10. Swine diseases
Many others including brucellosis, cholera (now eradicated in US), swine dysentery (scours), leptospirosis, MMA, mycoplasmal pneumonia, SMEDI

11. Poultry diseases
Aortic rupture- an artery in male turkeys between 8 and 20 weeks ruptures and turkey bleeds to death

12. Poultry diseases
Newcastle disease is caused by viruses and ahs symptoms of gasping for air, sneezing, breathing difficulties, tremors, and paralysis

13. Poultry diseases
Avian pox (Fowl pox) is caused by a virus and has symptoms of yellow cankers in the mouth and eyes, scabs around the head
Many others including coccidiosis, bluecomb, blackhead, fowl cholera, and erysipelas

14. Treatments Prevention is the best way to control disease Cleanliness
Vaccination
Quarantine sick animals
Avoid exposure to disease
Isolate new animals

15. Treatments
Sanitation and good health management practices are important because some diseases have no treatments
Cattle that have brucellosis must be slaughtered and disposed of properly

16. Treatments
The recommended treatment for cattle with shipping fever is the use of antibiotics and sulfa drugs
Treatment for scours or swine dysentery is the use of one of the recommended drugs in the drinking water

17. Treatments
Drugs and vaccines are not effective in controlling and treating TGE and pseudorabies in swine
Aortic rupture in turkeys is prevented by using a lower-energy ration and low-level use of tranquilizers

18. Treatments Avian or fowl pox and Newcastle disease have no known cures
Coccidiosis-treated with Coccidiostats
Antibiotics are used to treat other poultry diseases including Ulcerative Enteritis, Chronic Respiratory Disease, Bluecomb, and Avian Influenza

19. External Parasites Ticks- blood suckers Lice- blood suckers and biting
Mites- cause mange
Blowfly- screwworm in larval stage
Heel fly- cattle grub
Horn fly- smallest bloodsucking species
Other flies- house, horse, stable

20. External parasites
Tick
Louse
Mite

21. Internal parasites
Roundworms- stomach worms, ascarids, pinworms, bloodworms, lungworms
Tapeworms- broad tapeworm, beef or pork tapeworm
Flukes

22. Major problems
Other than death, the most costly result of internal parasites in cattle, swine, and poultry is weight loss or reduced gains
The major external parasites of swine are lice and mites

23. Major problems
Most external parasites of birds or poultry lower production by sucking blood
Heel fly or cattle grubs cause large financial losses in cattle by lowering rate of gain and damage hides and meat

24. Major problems
The major internal parasites of poultry are several types of worms
Roundworms cause the most damage of any internal parasites for hogs

25. Controlling Parasites
The most effective method of control is prevention
Chemicals are the most common method of controlling external parasites

26. Controlling parasites
Systemic insecticides that spread throughout the animal’s body is the most effective way to treat the heel fly which causes cattle grubs

27. Controlling parasites
Deworming pregnant sows and gilts a week before farrowing kills the worms and prevents baby pigs from getting worms from their mother’s manure

28. Controlling parasites
Mites, bedbugs and fowl ticks hide in cracks and crevices in poultry houses during daylight, and those places must be sprayed with approved chemicals during daylight

29. Controlling parasites
Poultry raised in confinement in cages have little problems with worms
Chemical, mechanical, biological and cultural methods are used to reduce losses from livestock and poultry parasites

30. THE END!!!