1. Survey of Astronomy Astro1010-lee.com twlee2016@gmail.com Introduction Welcome This is Phys 1040 and Astro 1040 Please pick up one each of the papers on the table up front.

2. Survey of Astronomy Astro1010-lee.com twlee2016@gmail.com Introduction

3. Survey of Astronomy Astro1010-lee.com twlee2016@gmail.com Introduction My e-mail By far the best way to contact me is by e-mail. twlee2016@gmail.com

4. Survey of Astronomy Astro1010-lee.com twlee2016@gmail.com Introduction My Web Page http://www.astro1010-lee.com/ Syllabus Copies of my Slides Lecture Notes Links

5. Survey of Astronomy Astro1010-lee.com twlee2016@gmail.com Introduction Text There is no Text, only the Slides and Lecture Notes Tests 5 unit tests NO comprehensive final Must be taken on the day scheduled (I can change the date but you can NOT) Absolutely no late tests May be taken early I DROP YOUR LOWEST TEST SCORE

6. ASTROLAB ( SEE LINK ) You need to attend one Dr. Powell offers only a finite number I recommend that you go to an early one Survey of Astronomy Astro1010-lee.com twlee2016@gmail.com Introduction

7. Survey of Astronomy Astro1010-lee.com twlee2016@gmail.com Introduction Select from the list of Subjects that t provide. These are designed to be associated with the lectures. If you email them to me on the designated day you will get full credit, anytime after that is half credit. Term Papers

9. Survey of Astronomy Astro1010-lee.com twlee2016@gmail.com Exercise 1 The purpose of this exercise is for the student to determine the circumference of the Earth using a variation of the Erotosthenes method

10. Survey of Astronomy Astro1010-lee.com twlee2016@gmail.com Exercise 1 Requires Protractor Thread Tape Weight Find the North Star Measure the angle from the Horizon to the North Star

11. Survey of Astronomy Astro1010-lee.com twlee2016@gmail.com Exercise 1 This is how your protractor should look after you get it ready

12. Survey of Astronomy Astro1010-lee.com twlee2016@gmail.com Exercise 1 θ1θ1 NCP θ2θ2

13. Survey of Astronomy Astro1010-lee.com twlee2016@gmail.com

14. Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

15. Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com BEGINNINGS

16. Astronomy -- Study of the Universe Universe -- everything that exists Galaxy The Milky Way is our Galaxy Stars Open Star Clusters Globular Star Clusters Nebulae Sun Solar System Planets Moons Asteroids Comets Other debris Earth/Moon System Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

17. Subtend When an object just fills an angle it subtends that angle. Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

18. Degree (of arc) = 1/360 Circle Minute (of arc) = 1/60 of a Degree Second (of arc) = 1/60 of a Minute Hour (of arc) = 360/24 = 15 degrees Angular Units Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

19. Distance Measure in Space Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

20. OUR CODE The Earth and the entire Universe obey a single set of Laws Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

21. Scientific Theory and the Scientific Method Scientific theories: must be testable must be continually tested should be simple should be elegant Scientific theories can be proven wrong, but they can never be proven right with 100% certainty Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

22. Scientific Theory and the Scientific Method Observation leads to theory explaining it Theory leads to predictions consistent with previous observations Predictions of new phenomena are observed. If the observations agree with the prediction, more predictions can be made. If not, a new theory can be made. Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

23. Early Discoveries Pre-historic Sun Moon Stars Constellations Planets Movement of the Sky Path of the Sun Movement of the Moon Historic Cyclic nature of the Universe ….. led to calendars Explanation of the phases of the Moon NCP Celestial Equator Explanation of the seasons Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

24. Earth’s Orbital Motion Daily cycle, noon to noon, is diurnal motion – solar day Stars aren’t in quite the same place 24 hours later, though, due to Earth’s revolution around Sun; when they are, one sidereal day has passed Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

25. From season to season the stars that we see change. This is because of the motion of the Earth in it orbit. The ancients thought it was because the Sun moved around the Earth Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

26. The 12 constellations that the Sun appears to move through during the year are called the zodiac; the apparent path is the ecliptic Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

27. The Earth revolves around the Sun once each year causing the Sun to appear to move around the sky Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

28. Time from one vernal equinox to next is tropical year Combination of day length and sunlight angle gives seasons Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

29. Precession: rotation of Earth’s axis itself; makes one complete circle in about 26,000 years Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

30. The Terrestrial Coordinate System Latitude is measured north and south from the equator Longitude is measured east and west from the prime meridian Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

31. Zenith is the point directly overhead Meridian is the line from the north point through the zenith and on to the south point. Horizon is the line on the sky made by the plane that is perpendicular to the vertical line from you to the zenith Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

32. The Celestial Coordinate System Reference points and planes on Celestial Sphere Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

33. The Celestial Coordinate System Right Ascension (RA) or Hour Angle is measured from the point on the sky where the Sun is at the Spring Equinox Declination (δ) is measured north or south from the Celestial Equator Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com

34. Go to Chapter 2 Chapter 1 Survey of Astronomy twlee2016@gmail.com astro1010-lee.com