1. Could you create a presentation like this?
Chapter 2 - The Internet
This slide presentation is designed to be viewed as a Slide Show. If viewed as a Slide Show your will be able to observe the animation and you should have functional hyperlinks.
When in the Slide Show view, click to advance the slide.
If the presentation is working very slowly, you may want to save it to your computer and then run the show.
I hope you find this presentation educational.
Could you create a presentation like this?

2. Chapter 2 The Internet
Internet backbone

3. THE INTERNET
Worldwide group of connected networks that allow public access to information and services
No single organization owns or controls
Estimated 360 million users in 2000
One-half billion in 2003
More than one billion in 2005

4. Internet Uses Access information, new, research & educational material
Send or receive messages ( )
One of the original services of the Internet
Meet and converse with people around the world in discussion groups or chat rooms
Electronic commerce; click to view video, be patient

5. What are some services found on the Internet?
Instant Messaging
Internet Telephony
Newsgroups
Web
Chat

6. HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
Started as a WAN network of four computers at the University of California at Los Angeles in 1969
This Pentagon project was called ARPANET
Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) – ARPANET

7. Internet Goals:
Allow scientists at different locations to share information
Function if part of the network were disabled
Cold War
Terrorism

8. The Internal Structure - INTERNET
Backbone first provided by National Science Foundation (NSF) – NSFnet
NSF had (and still has) advanced technology that it applies to the Internet
A backbone = main communications lines that carry the bulk of Internet traffic; several supercomputers networked

9. Internet Backbone Backbone now provided by variety of corporations
Telephone, cable, satellite companies and the government
Various organizations help advise and define standards for the Internet
Internet2 is an experimental area for research & a test site for new Internet technologies intended to improve the performance of the Internet
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

10. Click to view Quick Time video

11. How can you connect to the Internet?
Slow-speed technology
High-speed connection
Dial-up access modem in your computer uses a standard telephone line to connect to the Internet
Digital subscriber line (DSL), cable telephone Internet services (CATV), cable modem, fixed, wireless, and satellite modems
Connection must be established each time you log on. Slow but inexpensive
Connection is always on— whenever the computer is running
Fast but costs more

12. Other high-speed broadband services
In the Bismarck area I am the most familiar with services in RED
Cable Internet service
DSL
Fiber to the Premises (FTTP)
Fixed wireless
Cellular Radio Network
Wi-Fi
Satellite Internet Service

13. Internet Service Providers & Online Services
ISPs are businesses that provide access to the Internet for a fee
Regional are local (Bismarck area) ISPs
National ISPs serve the entire country (AT&T; Earthlink)
Online service providers (OSP) offer services to members only (AOL & MSN)
News; weather; financial data; games travel guides; etc.
Wireless service providers (WSP)
Handheld devices; cell phones, pagers, notebook computers, automobiles, etc.

14. How Data Travels the Internet
Client can access server
Server/Host computers
Manage network resources
In 1984; 1,000 computer hosts
In 2003; 150,000,000 hosts
Modem or Network card converts and transmits data
Message is broken into little Packets of data that are sent individually
Routers smart switches that select the route that the packets will follow
Protocol An agreed-upon format for transmitting data between two devices
TCP-IP (transmission control protocol/Internet protocol)
Backbone

15. Internet IP Addresses
IP (Internet protocol) address is the unique number of a device on the Internet
Domain name is a text name that represents the IP address
Domain name servers (DNS)
Translate domain names into IP addresses
TLD is a top-level domain abbreviation
com, edu, gov, org, etc.

16. THE WORLD WIDE WEB
WWW – a service on the Internet that consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents (Web pages) containing links
Started in 1991 – Tim Berners-Lee
Hyperlinks (links) – navigate the WWW
Links are found on Web pages
Several Web pages make up a Web site
Web servers manage Web sites & communications
Webmasters create Web pages

17. The World Wide Web (continued)
Web servers deliver (serve up) the Web pages that you request
Web browser or browser software provides a user a friendly way to access and view Web pages
Internet Explorer, Firefox, etc.
Firefox
Microsoft Internet Explorer
Safari
Google Chrome
Opera

18. The World Wide Web (continued)
Some Web pages are designed specifically for microbrowsers
A home page is the first page that a Web site displays
Web pages provide links to other related Web pages
Surfing the Web
Downloading is the process of receiving information

19. Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
A Web page has a unique address called a URL or Web address
Protocol://domain name / path to a specific Web page or file
Hypertext transfer protocol (
Rules that define how pages (data) transfers on the Web.

20. What is downloading? The process of a computer receiving information
Depending upon connection speed, downloading can take from a few seconds to several minutes
Uploading ?
p. 76

21. ISP Click to check out BTI
Spider (Webopedia) software reads Web pages & creates an index.
Hit is a Web page link that is listed as a result of a search.
(IP address is not listed in the hit, test question)

22. University of Mary Bismarck North Dakota
What is a search engine?
Program used to find Web sites and Web pages by entering words or phrases called search text
Also called a keyword
University of Mary Bismarck North Dakota
Google search =
Try “ “ (check hits)
p. 80

23. University of Mary, Bismarck, ND
What is a subject directory?
Automobile; Automobile Sales; Automobile Sales Imports; Automobile Sales Imports Honda….
Search tool with organized set of topics and subtopics
Lets you find information by clicking links rather than entering keywords
Google- Maps
University of Mary, Bismarck, ND
Zoom in on

24. What is a hit?
Any Web site name that is listed as the result of a search
Yahoo search =
“academic software”
Note: Page Name & Domain Name but no IP numbers! This is a frequently missed test question!
p. 80 Fig. 2-12

25. Retail Store vs. Academic Online Prices Academic Online Stores
Check Prices
Microsoft Office 2007 Pro
Compare Prices
Retail Store vs. Academic Online Prices
Retail Stores
Best Buy = $500
Office Depot = $330 (upgrade)
Sam’s Club = $271 (upgrade)
Academic Online Stores
Gradeware = $170
Academic Superstore = $170
Ultimate Steal = $59

26. What are the nine basic types of Web sites?
Portal
News
Informational
Business/Marketing
Educational
Entertainment
Advocacy
Blog – on line journal/diary
Vlog – video log
Personal

27. Evaluating a Web Site Beware!
Information presented on the Web must be evaluated for accuracy
No one oversees the content of Web pages

28. Multimedia on the Web
Web pages incorporate color, sound, motion, and graphics with text
Plug-ins – run multimedia elements
Sound, video, graphics & animated graphics
Added to and becomes part of the browser
Extend the capabilities of the browser
Java – multimedia language
Applets

29. Multimedia on the Web
Multimedia refers to any application that combines text with:
Graphics
Animation
Audio
Video
Virtual Reality

30. Multimedia on the Web (continued)
Graphic file formats
JPEG for pictures
GIF for line art (clip art)
Other graphic formats include BMP, PNG & TIFF
Thumbnails – small versions of a larger image
JPEG thumbnail
GIF thumbnail

31. Multimedia on the Web (continued)
Animation is the appearance of motion
Marquees – text scrolling across the screen
Animated GIF combines several still images into a single file
Animation = Next Slide

33. Example of “Streaming” in a couple of slides.
Audio on the Web
Common sound formats
MP3 (compressed) & WAV
Streaming audio
Listen as sound file is downloaded
Internet telephony – Internet telephone service
VoIP = Voice over IP (Internet Protocol)
Example of “Streaming” in a couple of slides.

34. Audio on the Web RealAudio Listen (live) to radio & TV
Try it! Select a station and then click PLAY
Are your speakers on?

35. Video on the Web Streaming video RealVideo – live video feeds
Check out the “Webcam”
Video on the Web
Streaming video
View as video file is downloaded
Allows videoconferencing
RealVideo – live video feeds
A popular video file format
Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG)
Be patient this may take a while to download.

36. Streaming Audio & Video
Sound ?
Quick Time Plug-in required
Consider downloading the free plug-in, you may be prompted when you click the image.

37. Virtual Reality on the Web
Simulation of real or imagined environment that appears as a three-dimensional (3-D) space
Virtual reality modeling language (VRML)
A site created with VRML is a VR (virtual) world
Used for modeling
3d games
Architects use to model buildings
Scientists use to study molecules and other structures

38. Virtual Tour Custer House, Ft Lincoln, Mandan, ND
Click to take a virtual tour

39. WEBCASTING
Pull technology – client requests the Web page from the Web server
Push technology - Web files are downloaded automatically from Web servers to the client
At a periodic interval
The user does not need to request the information

40. ELECTRONIC COMMERCE Conducting business activities online
Businesses have Electronic money (e-money)
Encryption
Scrambled data sent over the WWW
Used for secured transactions

41. E-Commerce
Click the image to view a video

42. WEB PUBLISHING
Web pages are created with the Hypertext markup language (HTML) - tags
Web authoring software
HTML editors make programming more user friendly
Microsoft Expression Web Dreamweaver and HomeSite
Word processing packages
To publish a Web site the Web pages must be uploaded to a Web server

43. OTHER INTERNET SERVICES
An original service of the Internet
Primary communication method for both personal and business use
users have addresses
Electronic messages are stored in mailboxes residing in mail servers
Outlook, Netscape, Eudora & many others

44. E-mail Addresses An e-mail address consists of Username & domain name
Post Office Protocol (POP3) is used to retrieve from a mail server
The set of rules for transfer
The technology used by many mail servers
Attachments (graphics, video clips, & files) can be sent with messages
Encoding converts attachment to a binary form and back
What is a PDF file?
How do you edit a PDF file?

45. FTP INTERNET SERVICES
FTP (file transfer protocol) is an Internet standard that permits files to be uploaded and downloaded on the Internet
Web pages to Web servers to clients.
Many operating systems include FTP capabilities
FTP servers contain files that can be transferred
Anonymous FTP – anyone can transfer the files
Search for:
PDF to Word (free?) (Convert a PDF document into a Word document & then edit)
FTP Site

46. Telnet INTERNET SERVICES
Log into remote computers & have the remote computer work for the user
Access remote databases, directories, and library catalogs
Today’s use of Internet Service Providers and Web browsers has reduced the need for Telenet
Most libraries have converted to a Web based system

47. OTHER INTERNET SERVICES
Newsgroups
An online discussion about a particular subject
You may discuss sports or a breaking news story
Collection of newsgroups is called a Usenet
Mailing Lists & LISTSERVs
Send mail to a large group of people at one time
LISTSERV is a popular mailing list software product

48. A Twitter video in Plain English!
What is a chat?
Real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer
Chat room is location on a server that permits users to discuss topics of interest
What is a Twitter?
A Tweet?
A Twitter video in Plain English!
Instant messaging notifies you when someone you know is online & then you can exchange messages with them
p. 98 Fig. 2-32

49. NETIQUETTE
Benedictine value = Respect for others
Internet etiquette
The code of acceptable behavior users should follow while on the Internet
Avoid “spam” – sending messages to several people
Respect
Golden Rule: Treat others as you would like them to treat you.
Chat room Lawsuit

50. Chapter 2 Complete