1. Geoscience Day starters

2. 1.Over the course of their lifetimes, trees will do what to the level of gasses in the atmosphere? a.Nothing, O 2 and CO 2 level will remain constantc. O 2 will be increased b.CO 2 will be decreasedd. CO 2 and O 2 will both increase 2.A meteor is a.On the groundc. In space b.Falling through the aird. Lost 3.About how much of the water (on Earth) is salty? a.3%c. 25% b.75%d. 97% 4.Meteorology is the study of a.Things in the airc. Meteors b.Rocks falling from spaced. The atmosphere 5.According to Mr. Monroe, the two best indicators of future success are a.Good notes and attendancec. Being quiet and good notes b.Attendance and reading aheadd. Reading soon after lecture, and attendance 6.I should start studying for the final a.Three days before themc. At mid-term exams b.At parent – teacher conferencesd. Now

3. 1.The study of how the different spheres of the Earth interact is called a.Geosciencec. Earth Science b.Geospherologyd. Earth Systems 2.A meteor is a.On the groundc. In space b.Falling through the aird. Lost 3.Humans are part of the a.Hydrospherec. Biosphere b.Atmosphered. All of the above 4.Meteorology is the study of a.Things in the airc. Meteors b.Rocks falling from spaced. The atmosphere 5.According to Mr. Monroe, the two best indicators of future success are a.Good notes and attendancec. Being quiet and good notes b.Attendance and reading aheadd. Reading soon after lecture, and attendance 6.I should start studying for the final a.Three days before themc. At mid-term exams b.At parent – teacher conferencesd. Now

4. 1.What is the most effective greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, the most significant? a.Carbon dioxidec.Methane b.Water vapord.Carbon monoxide 2.Where is most of the CO 2 on the earth held? a.Atmospherec.Ocean b.Geosphered.Biosphere 3.About how much of the air is Carbon dioxide a.1%c.10% b.Less than 1/2 of 1%d.5% 4.What kind of water holds the most carbon dioxide? a.Warmc.Cold b.Wetd.Friendly 5.About how much more carbon dioxide is there in the atmosphere, than their was in 1850? a10%c.20% b30%d.100%

5. 1.What is the most effective greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, the most significant? a.Carbon dioxidec.Methane b.Water vapord.Carbon monoxide 2.Where is most of the freshwater H 2 O on the earth held? a.Atmospherec.Ground b.Glaciersd.Biosphere 3.About how much of the air is Carbon dioxide? a.1%c.10% b.Less than 1/2 of 1%d.5% 4.What kind of water holds the most carbon dioxide? a.Warmc.Cold b.Wetd.Friendly 5.About how much more carbon dioxide is there in the atmosphere, than their was in 1850? a10%c.20% b30%d.100%

6. 1.What marker goes through Greenwich, England? a.Equatorc.English Meridian b.Line of Longituded.Prime Meridian 2.Which lines go north and south on a globe are a.Latitudec.Great circles b.Longituded.Equations 3.This is a a.Mercator Projectionc.Robinson Projection b.Topographical Mapd.Conical Projection 4.This is a a.Mercator Projectionc.Robinson Projection b.Topographical Mapd.Conical Projection 5.A GPS coordinate system uses how many satellites? a.Twoc.Three b.Fourd.Five

7. 1.Density is what? a.Volume minus massc.Mass divided by volume b.Volume divided by massd.Mass minus volume 2.What do you call it when one puts rocks into water, and the water rises? a.Replacementc.Displacement b.Abplacementd.Removal 3.How does one find the volume of a cube of wood? a.L x W x Hc.L + W + H b.Put it in waterd.Find the mass 4.What floats on water? a.Rocksc.Oil b.Grassd.Anything lighter 5.What is the mass of 1 mL of water? a._____________________ 6.What is the density of 1 ml of water? ______7. What is density of 3.5 ml of water?________

8. 1.The correct term for fossilized dinosaur feces is ……. 84 a.Dioritec.Coprolite b. Sterilited.Permineralite 2.What kind of fossil gives only evidence of past life, without an actual artifact? 64 a.Index Fossilc.Cast and Mold b.Trace Fossild.Fossil of unaltered remains 3.Amber would be fossils of what? 60 a.Index Fossilc.Cast and Mold b.Trace Fossild.Fossil of unaltered remains 4.Which of the following is needed for good fossil preservation a.Hard parts, oxygen, fast burialc.Water, no oxygen, fast burial b.Water, soft parts, fast buriald.No oxygen, Hard Parts, Fast burial 5.A half life is …..? 88 a.5,730 yearsc.The time it takes for 50% of a radioactive element to decay b.Changing all of the timed.Only reliable for 50,000 years

9. 1.What kind of fossil gives only evidence of past life, without an actual artifact? 83 a.Index Fossilc.Cast and Mold b.Trace Fossild.Fossil of unaltered remains 2.Amber would be fossils of what? 81 a.Index Fossilc.Cast and Mold b.Trace Fossild.Fossil of unaltered remains 3.A material has 80 grams of a radioactive substance, and the half-life of the substance is 5 days. How many grams of the substance will remain after 8 half lives? 26 (compute your answer, and write it on the back of the scantron. Do not turn in your scantron until it is corrected as a class) 4.Which would be more accurate, the carbon-14 dating of an organism that has been DEAD for 4,000 years, or the dating of an organism that has been dead for 40,000 years. 55 a.4,000 yearsc. It would be the same b.40,000 yearsd. C-14 dating would not be accurate for either 5.What kind of burial would be needed for a fossil to form? 53 a.Warm wet soilsc. Dry soils, lots of oxygen b.Rapid burial of hard partsd. Slow burial on the surface of land

10. 1.A material has 80 grams of a radioactive substance, and the half-life of the substance is 5 days. How many grams of the substance will remain after 30 days? (compute your answer, and write it on the back of the scantron. Do not turn in your scantron until it is corrected as a class) 2.Which would be MORE ACCURATE, the carbon-14 dating of an organism that has been DEAD for 2,000 years, or the dating of an organism that has been DEAD for 75,000 years. a.2,000 yearsc. It would be the same b.75,000 yearsd. C-14 dating would not be accurate for either 3.Which of the following situations would most likely result in the creation of a fossil? a.Warm wet soils, and rapid burialc. Dry soils, lots of oxygen, soft part of animal b.Rapid burial of hard parts and teethd. Slow burial on a river bank 4.What is the longest era, by far? a.Cenozoicc. Mesozoic b.Paleozoicd. Precambrian 5.Which era is called the age of the fishes? a.Paleozoicc. Precambrian b.Cenozoicd. Mesozoic

11. 1.A material has 80 grams of a radioactive substance, and the half-life of the substance is 5 days. How many grams of the substance will remain after 30 days? (compute your answer, and write it on the back of the scantron. Do not turn in your scantron until it is corrected as a class) 2.Which would be MORE ACCURATE, the carbon-14 dating of an organism that has been DEAD for 2,000 years, or the dating of an organism that has been DEAD for 75,000 years. a.2,000 yearsc. It would be the same b.75,000 yearsd. C-14 dating would not be accurate for either 3.Which of the following situations would most likely result in the creation of a fossil? a.Warm wet soils, and rapid burialc. Dry soils, lots of oxygen, soft part of animal b.Rapid burial of hard parts and teethd. Slow burial on a river bank 4.A burrow would be what kind of fossil? a.Tracec. Cast and mold b.Fossil of original remainsd. Fossil of carbonite reduction 5.What kind of water would hold the most CO 2 in storage? a.Cold and low pressurec. Cold and high pressure b.Warm and low pressured. Warm and high pressure

12. 1.Who was the father of modern geology? a. Dr. Barb D. Wirec. Richard Tarbuck b. Wagenerd. Hutton 2.The law that states the “the past indicates the future, changes are slow but constant” is called what? a. Law of original horizontalityc. Concept on continuity b. Law of superpositiond. Law of uniformitarianism 3.Most fossils are found in what type of rock? a. Sedimentary (laid down and compressed soils)c. Igneous (fire formed) b. Metamorphic (partially melted and squeezed)d. Basalt 4.Which law would the bombardment of Earth, by meteoroids, obey? a. Law of catastrophismc. Law of uniformitarianism b. Law of the aliens that sent them!!d. Law of hydrology 5.Next Page

13. 5.Which is older, the sandstone or the conglomerate? 6.Which law says that #5 is so? 7.Place the Sandstone, Dike “A”, Sill, Shale and Conglomerate in order of creation.

14. 5.Which is older, the sandstone or the conglomerate? 6.Which law says that #5 is so? 7.Place the Sandstone, Dike “A”, Sill, Shale and Conglomerate in order of creation. Probably Sandstone, Conglomerate, Shale, Sill and Dike “A” The Sill could actually go anywhere between sandstone and Dike “A”

15. 1.A material has 80 grams of a radioactive substance, and the half-life of the substance is 5 days. How many grams of the substance will remain after 30 days? (compute your answer, and write it on the back of the scantron. Do not turn in your scantron until it is corrected as a class) Put “B” in question 16, if you got it right. Put “C” if you did not 2.Which would be MORE ACCURATE, the carbon-14 dating of an organism that has been DEAD for 2,000 years, or the dating of an organism that has been DEAD for 75,000 years. 3.2,000 yearsc. It would be the same a.75,000 yearsd. C-14 dating would not be accurate for either 3.Which of the following situations would most likely result in the creation of a fossil? a.Warm wet soils, and rapid burialc. Dry soils, lots of oxygen, soft part of animal b.Rapid burial of hard parts and teethd. Slow burial on a river bank 4.What is the longest era, by far? a.Cenozoicc. Mesozoic b.Paleozoicd. Precambrian 5.Which era is called the age of the fishes? a.Paleozoicc. Precambrian b.Cenozoicd. Mesozoic

16. What is the name for the process when one plate is going “under” another? a.Convergencec. Subduction b.Transformationd. Transverse 2.Where is the Ocean getting “bigger”? a.mid-ocean ridgec.oceanic trench b.north and south polesd.equator 3.What is the term that means that the ocean crust is being pushed under the continental crust? a.diversionc.subduction b.conversiond.transform 4.What is the fossil that marks the end of the Precambrian era, and the start of the Paleozoic era? a.Stromatolitec.Diorite b.Trilobited.Cynobite 5.Where would ocean rocks be the oldest? a.near the middle of the oceanc.near the coast of continents b.near the north and south polesd.near the equator 6.What word means the study of ancient magnetism on Earth? a.magnetologyc.paleomagnetism b.historical magnetismd.neomagnetism

17. What is the name for the process when one plate is going “under” another? a.Convergencec. Subduction b.Transformationd. Transverse Where is the Ocean getting “bigger”? a.mid-ocean ridgec.oceanic trench b.north and south polesd.equator What is the fossil that marks the end of the Precambrian era, and the start of the Paleozoic era? a.Stromatolitec.Diorite b.Trilobited.Cynobite In what country (or continent) does glacial till (dirt from a glacier) give evidence of continental drift? a. Asia b. North America c. Europe d. Australia e. India f. China h. Antarctica What is the name of the fossil animal that is on the west coast of Africa, east coast of S. America? a. Trilobiteb. Stromatolitec. Slausosaurousd. Pleaseasour e. Mesosaur About how many times has Mr. Monroe seen “Supervolcano”? a. 5b. 10c. 20d. 30 What does Mr. Monroe have against that little boy? a. He doesn’t respect the power of volcanoesb. He wrecks good coffee c. He doesn’t get all “A’s”d. Mr. Monroe likes no one

18. The core of Earth is made of a.Iron, Nickel and heavy metalsc. Basalt b.Granited. Carbon The first atmosphere of Earth (after H and He) was made of acids, water vapor, nitrogen and a.Oxygenc. Carbon dioxide b.Methaned. Carbon monoxide The most recent super-continent was named a.Rhodeniac. Pangea b.Lauentiad. Panima Ultima The best index fossil for the end of the pre-cambrian era is a.Stromatilitec. Trilobite b.Mesosarousd. Declopodia A type of oxygen molecule, with three oxygen atoms combined is a.Ozonec. Trizone b.Oxygen trihydrated. Trioxygen The heating of the early Earth was by radioactive decay, meteor bombardment and a.The Sunc. Gravity b.Cosmic raysd. Nearby supernovae

19. The longest era by far is a.Paleozoicc. Cenozoic b.Mesozoicd. Precambrian The age of the fishes was the a.Paleozoicc. Cenozoic b.Mesozoicd. Precambrian The human species that lost to homo sapiens was a.Stupid othipicasc. Neanderthals b.Austro antichipusd. Sou theastinous The kind of light that is stopped by ozone is a.Visiblec. Infra-red b.Ultra violetd. Gamma We live in what epoch? a.Sapiensc. Holocene b.Cenozoicd. Mesozoic Dinosaurs ruled which time frame? a.Paleozoicc. Cenozoic b.Mesozoicd. Precambrian

20. New Earth is formed near what feature? For those of you who like to split hairs, the age of the atoms are the same. We speak of the time when the molten material hardened into stone. a. Subduction zonec. Lithosphere b. Mid-ocean ridged. Epicenters Plates tend to move about the Earth. Why do they move about in such a manner? You may have more than one answer. a.Convection currentsc. Slab pulling b.The speed of the Earth’s rotationd. Hot spot displacement Yellowstone is a hot-spot, supervolcano. What plate does the hot spot come up through? a.Wyoming platec. Colorado plate b.North American plated. Pacific Plate Things will become very “interesting” off of the Pacific Northwest coast. This is because of the subduction of what plate? a.Pacific platec. Juan de Fuca plate b.Cocos plated. North American plate The farther inland one goes, the location of earthquakes change. How do the location of earthquakes change? a. They are shallower (closer “up”)c. They are neared the shoreline b.They are deeper into the Earthd. They are more northerly What was the name of the last major volcano in the continental United States? a.Mt. Hoodc. Mt. Saint Helens b.Mt Rainerd. Mt Cascadian

21. 1.In what kind of plate boundary do the plates slide past each other? a.Divergentc. Convergent b.Transform faultd. Revergent 2.What will form when ocean crust subducts under ocean crust? a.Mountain chainc. Island Arc b.Divergent plate boundaryd. Transform plate boundary 3.Where does a trench form? a.Divergent boundariesc. Convergent boundaries b.Transform fault boundariesd. Revergent areas 4.Which of the following is a transform plate boundary? a.Los Angelesc. Himalayas Mountains b.Yellowstoned. Mid Ocean Ridges 5.Where is new Earth formed a.Mountain chainc. Island Arc b.Divergent plate boundaryd. Transform plate boundary 6.What is the best evidence of sea-floor spreading? a.The mid-ocean ridgec. The continental trench b.Magnetic reversal of sea-floor sedimentd. Fossils 7.What system uses sound waves to calculate the distance to an object? a.Radarc. Sonar b.Freemantled. Fathomization 8.What is the letter of the description of a subduction zone a.where an oceanic plate is forced beneath a second plate b.where an oceanic plate grinds past a second plate c.where a continental plate grinds past a second plate d.where an oceanic plate moves away from a second plate 9.A “hot spot” is responsible for what geological structure? a.Himalaya mountainsc. Mid-ocean ridge b.Icelandd. Yellowstone 10.Where is new Earth created a.Mid ocean ridgec. Subduction zone b.“hot spots”d. Transform zones

22. 1.Igneous a.Changed formc. From volcanoes b.From fired. Hot 2.Intrusive a.Into other rocksc. Stayed in Earth b.Came into the surfaced. Cooled quickly 3.Granite a.Pinkish, large crystalsc. Pinkish, small crystals b.Dark, with variety of crystalsd. Extrusive with large crystals, and is pink 4.Pumice a.From Hawaii, dark, no crystalsc. From Hawaii, light, large crystals and air pockets b.Light, air pockets, pale colord. Pale color, solid, no air pockets 5.Basalt a.Dark, dense, continental crustc. Dark, light, continental crust b.Dark, light, oceanic crustd. Dark, dense, oceanic crust 6.Andesite a.Grey, unseen crystals, air pocketsc. Extrusive, large crystals, pale in color b.Grey, very small (but visible) crystals, solidd. From Andes mountains, pale with small air pockets 7.Scoria a.Just like pumice, but with a higher iron contentc. Solid, with large crystals and many air pockets b.Volcanic glass (dark black)d. Also called “rose quartz”

23. 1.Igneous a.Changed formc. From volcanoes b.From fired. Hot 2.Intrusive a.Into other rocksc. Stayed in Earth b.Came into the surfaced. Cooled quickly 3.Granite a.Pinkish, large crystalsc. Pinkish, small crystals b.Dark, with variety of crystalsd. Extrusive with large crystals, and is pink 4.Pumice a.From Hawaii, dark, no crystalsc. From Hawaii, light, large crystals and air pockets b.Light, air pockets, pale colord. Pale color, solid, no air pockets 5.Basalt a.Dark, dense, continental crustc. Dark, light, continental crust b.Dark, light, oceanic crustd. Dark, dense, oceanic crust 6.Batholith a.Covers 100’s of square kilometersc. Covers 10’s of square kilometers b.Means “lake of rock”d. Moves horizontally through rock layers 7.Stock a.Covers 100’s of square kilometersc. Covers 10’s of square kilometers b.Means “lake of rock”d. Moves horizontally through rock layers

24. 1.Clastic 94 a.Dissolved in waterc. Made of other things b.From fired. Changed form 2.Slow cooling results in 74 a.Large crystals, smooth texturec. Small crystals, smooth texture b.Small crystals, rough textured. Large crystals, rough texture 3.Granite 76 a.Pinkish, large crystalsc. Pinkish, small crystals b.Dark, with variety of crystalsd. Extrusive with large crystals, and is pink 4.Coquina 83 a.Made of fossilsc. Made of sea shells b.Pinkish, smooth textured. Igneous, intrusive rock 5.Felsic 72 a.Dark, densec. Pale b.Dark, not densed. Dark 6.Batholith 78 a.Covers 100’s of square kilometersc. Covers 10’s of square kilometers b.Means “lake of rock”d. Moves horizontally through rock layers 7.Stock 76 a.Covers 100’s of square kilometersc. Covers 10’s of square kilometers b.Means “lake of rock”d. Moves horizontally through rock layers

25. 1.Large crystals indicate a. Fast coolingc. Smooth texture b. Slow coolingd. Rough texture 2.Metamorphism needs a. High heatc. High pressure b. High heat and pressured. Magma 3.Contact metamorphism occurs in the presence of a. High heat and waterc. High heat b. Water and cementation fluidsd. Silicon 4.The bands of color on a metamorphic rock are called a. Bands of densityc. Bands of foliation b. Bands of cleavaged. Color differentiation 5.The bands of color on a metamorphic rock are a result of a. Characteristics of the minerals in the rockc. Differences in heat during formation b. Elevation changes during formationd. Pressure differences during formation 6.“Hot Spots” are located over a. Magma rising to the surface of the Earthc. Convergent plate boundaries b. Divergent plate boundariesd. The ring of fire 7.The source of heat in the Earth is a result of a. Meteors early in the History of Earthc. Radioactivity of the Iron core b. Radioactivity of Uranium and other elementsd. Gravitational contraction e. All except “C” 8.The difference between pumice and scoria is a. The rate of coolinge. Density b. The iron contentf. Location of volcano that made it c. The ratio of mass to volumeg. “a”, “b” and “e” d. “b”, “c”, “e” and “f”h. All except “a”

26. 1.What two elements made up the first atmosphere of the Earth? _____________________, ______________________ 2.What four things are responsible for the high temperatures in the Earth's core? _____________________, ______________________ 3.Put the four eras in order, from oldest to youngest. Eldest________________, 2nd Eldest__________________ Third Eldest____________, Youngest___________________ 4.What is the percentage of the Solar System's mass that is found in the Sun? 5.The name of the flattened gas cloud that formed the Solar System is what? __________________________________________________

27. 1.What two elements made up the first atmosphere of the Earth? Hydrogen____, Helium___________ 2.What four things are responsible for the high temperatures in the Earth's core? Meteors______, Residual Heat_________ Radioactivity_________, Gravitational Contraction (pressure)__________ 3.Put the four eras in order, from oldest to youngest. Eldest___Precambrian___, 2nd Eldest___Paleozoic Third Eldest__Mesozoic_, Youngest__Cenezoic__ 4.What is the percentage of the Solar System's mass that is found in the Sun? 99? 5.The name of the flattened gas cloud that formed the Solar System is what? _____Accretion Disk_____

28. Why did the rocky planets form closest to the Sun? a.More gravityc. More heat b.Faster orbitsd. More chemicals What is the term used when planets form from smaller pieces of matter? a.Condensationc. Accretion b.Differentiationd. Nebulation Which planet in the Solar System will float, if you could find a bathtub big enough? a.Mercuryc. Jupiter b.Saturnd. Uranus Why does the “inner part” of the Solar System spin faster than the “outer parts” of the Solar System? a.Gravity conservationc. Accretion speed b.Doppler effectd. Conservation of momentum Why does the Earth stay at about 26º tilted to the ecliptic? a.Gravity of the Sunc. Gravity of the moon b.Conservation of momentumd. Momentum Where are the asteroids? a.Between Earth and Marsc. Between Mars and Saturn b.Between Mars and Jupiterd. Wherever Chuck Norris wants them to be

29. 1.When the solar system was new, it was in a cloud known as a a. Accretionary diskc. Interstellar cloud b. Big bang cloudd. Solar cloud 2.The solar system began to “clump together”. This process is known as a. Condensationc. Accretion b. Deflationd. Convection 3.More dense materials settled to the center of the disk, in a process known as a. Completionc. Planetizaton b. Layerizationd. Differentiation 4.As the disk of the solar system got smaller, it began to spin faster, because of an effect known as a. The coriolis effectc. The Doppler effect b. Conservation of energyd. Conservation of momentum 5.This disk, from which the solar system sprang, is know as a a. Nebular diskc. Solar disk b. Accretion diskd. Planetary disk 6.Three things are basically needed to crush gases into something as dense as the Sun. They are a. Gravity, the weak force, the strong forcec. Gravity, cold and the strong force b. A supernovae, gravity and cold spaced. Gravity, electricity and the strong force e. Chuck Norris, his shadow and reflection 7.The main gases that made up the earliest solar system were a. Oxygen and carbonc. Hydrogen and oxygen b. Helium and Hydrogend. Carbon dioxide and methane

30. 1.A telescope that bends light to a focus point is a a.Refractive Telescopec. Reflective Telescope b.Chrono Telescoped. Defective Telescope 2.The telescope that we used to look outside the LSW front doors was a a.Webster Telescopec. Reflective Telescopre b.Refractive Telescoped. Wardovian Telescope 3.Light is fast. Its speed is a.3,000 meters per secondc. 300,000 Kilometers per second b.300,000,000 meters per secondd. All above, except “a”, but including “b” and “c” 4.The shortest wavelengths are a.Redc. Gamma b.Blued. Radio 5.A light-year is a.The distance light travels in a yearc. The time it takes for light to travel b.As far as it is from Earth to Vegad. The distance across our Solar System 6.If the Sun went “out” right now, how long would it be before you knew it? a.8.5 light-minutesc. 8 minutes and 30 seconds b.2.5 secondsd. “Did Chuck Norris flip a switch off?” 7.What type of telescope can see through inter-stellar clouds of gas and dust? a.Refractivec. Reflective b.Hubbled. Radio

31. 1.The Earth has a “wobble”. About how long does it take for the Earth to complete one “wobble” around the zodiac? a.10,000 yearsc. 20,000 years b.25,000 yearsd. 100,000 years 2.Another name for the “wobble” of the Earth is what? a.Differentiationc. Precession b.Retrograde motiond. Rotation 3.Binary Star systems are useful, because they help determine what? a.Mass of the stars in the systemc. Distance to the stars b.Chemical composition of the starsd. Temperature of the stars 4.Which is longer, a day according to the Sun (solar day), or a day according to the background stars (sidereal day)? a.The longest day is a sidereal dayc. The longest day is a solar day b.The days are the same length (duh)d. The shortest day is any day there is a sub for science class 5.A circumpolar star is one that does what? a.Circles the North polec. Is visible year around b.Touches the North star at some pointd. Seems to twinkle in the cold winter air of a January snowstorm. 6.How does parallax differ between a faraway star, and a nearby star? a.The faraway star has more parallaxc. The nearby star has more parallax b.Parallax does not differ, it only seems tod. The parallax will differ, depending upon size of the star 7.What is a parsec? a.3.26 light-yearsd. 32.6 light-years b.One parallax-second of arce. “a” and “b” c.“c” and “d

32. Parallax works best on stars that are a.Nearc. Far away b.Brightd. Old The precession of the Earth takes about a.2,000 yearsc. 14,000 years b.24,000 yearsd. 110,000 years The Egyptians used the North Star to help build a.Pyramid of Gizac. Sphinx b.Spire of Cleopatrad. Did not use North Star There are this many seconds in one degree. a.60c. 360 b.3,000d. 3,600 A mirror is used in what type of telescope? a.Refractoryc. Newtonian Reflector b.Radiod. X-ray and Radio

33. 1.Absolute and Apparent Magnitude are the same at a.10 parsecsc. 32.6 light years b.1 parsecd. 10.0 light years 2.When one looks towards the Sun with a spectroscope, and they see bright lines on a dark background, it is a.Lines of absorptionc. Continuous spectrum b.Lines of emissiond. Time to run away, FAST!! 3.Parallax works best with stars that are a.Nearc. Far away b.Mostly Hydrogend. Have a large HELIUM content 4.How do stars apparently move, from night to night? a.1º to the Eastc. 5º to the East b.1º to the Westd. They do not move 5.If a star is moving away at great speed, it will appear a.More redd. More blue b.Hottere. “a” and “c” c.Coolerf. “a” and “b” 6.Earth is about 4.6 billion years old (4.6 x 10 9 ). How old is the Sun? a.Olderc. Younger b.Same aged. The Sun is the same age as the universe

34. 1.The most massive stars will end as a.White Dwarfc. Brown Dwarf b.Neutron Stard. Black Hole 2.Pulsars will emanate from a.White Dwarfsc. Main Sequence b.Neutron Stard. Black Hole 3.White Dwarfs will become a.Black Holesc. Brown Dwarfs b.Neutron Starsd. Black Stars 4.The Sun will become, next, a… a.White Dwarfc. Neutron Star b.Black Holed. Pulsar 5.A protostar will "turn on" when the internal temperature reaches a.10,000ºCc. 100,000ºC b.1,000,000ºCd. 10,000,000ºC 6.The heaviest element that can be made inside of any star, before an super novae is what? a.Copperc. Oxygen b.Carbond. Iron 7.A star that is going away from a person will appear changed in what way? a.Olderc. Bluer b.Redderd. Bigger

35. 1.Pulsars come from a.Neutron starsc. Black Holes b.White dwarfsd. Black dwarfs 2.An apparent magnitude, and absolute magnitude, are the same at a.One light-yeard. One Parsec b.32.6 light-yearse. 10 parsecs c.“b” and “c”f. “b” and “e” 3.Lines of emission tell astronomers about a star’s a.Distancec. Temperature b.Chemical compositiond. Age 4.Which star will last longer a.Big, honkin’ starc. High mass star b.Small wimpy thingd. One just like our Sun 5.Which has a higher density” a.White dwarfc. Black dwarf b.Black holed. Neutron star 6.Most points of light in the sky are what? a.Starsc. Star systems b.Galaxiesd. White dwarfs

36. 1.The mass of a star can be determined by studying a.The wavelength of the light emitted by the starc. The color of the star b.The distance between the star and Earthd. The binary star systems 2.Which of the following is true about using parallax to measure the distance to stars? a.The closer the star, the smaller the parallax anglec. The closer the star, the larger the parallax angle b.The larger the star, the smaller the parallax angled. The larger the star, the larger the parallax angle 3.At the nucleus, the Milky Way galaxy is about a.1,000 light years thickc. 100,000 light years thick b.10,000 light years thickd. 1,000,000,000 light years thick 4.According to the big bang theory, the entire Universe started as a a.Supernova explosionc. Dense, hot, supermassive ball b.Cool, dark interstellar cloudd. Scattered dust cloud 5.Which type of light is longer than visible light? a.Gammac. X-ray b.Ultra violetd. Radio 6.Where, in the Milky Way Galaxy, is the Earth and Sun? a.At the exact centerc. At the very tip of one of the spiral arms b.Just outside the galactic nucleusd. Within one of the spirals, but not at the tip 7.Why does the pitch seem higher (or light seem bluer) of an approaching object? a.Coriolis effectc. Doppler effect b.Lundgen effectd. It does?

37. Gyres occur in a.Northern Hemispherec. Southern Hemisphere b.Anywhered. Where currents circle Deep water currents are a result of a.Densityc. Wind action b.Salt contentd. Water temperature Upwelling is a result of a.Surface currentsc. Water density b.El Ninod. Trenches The coriolis effect is a result of a.A spinning planetc. Right-hand winds b.Densityd. Salt content The Second largest ocean is a.Pacificc. Atlantic b.Indiand. Arctic

38. The difference between high tide and low tide is a.Neap tidec. Tidal Range b.Spring tided. Ebb tide A spring tide will occur when a.Moon is on one side of Earth, Sun on other b.Moon and Sun are on same side of Earth c.Moon and Sun are at 90º to each other, with Earth at axis point d.Both "a" and "b" e.Only the moon causes spring tides A current caused by density differences is a a.Gyrec. Coreolis current b.Transition currentd. Depth (deep water) current A tide that has the highest high tide, and lowest low tide is a.Density tidec. Spring tide b.Neap tided. Lunar tide What is the relationship between wave speed and wavelength, in deep water? a.Increased wave speed will show longer wavelength b.Faster wave speed will indicate shorter wavelength c.Faster wave speed will indicate more density d.Wave speed is determined by wind speed

39. The gas responsible for most of the global warming is a.Nitrogenc. Carbon dioxide b.Water vapord. Oxygen Ozone is a.Oxygenc. Nitrogen b.Carbon dioxided. Oxygen dioxide The lowest layer of the atmosphere is a.Tropospherec. Mesosphere b.Stratosphered. Thermosphere The distance that wind blows over unprotected water is called a.Wind ratioc. Water ratio b.Fetchd. Ketch The shortest wavelength is a.Bluec. Gamma b.Radiod. Red Andesite is a.Igneous intrusivec. Igneous extrusive b.Metamorphic regionald. Sedimentary clastic

40. The air masses effecting Nebraska are the a.Prevailing Easterliesc. Prevailing Westerlies b.Northeast tradewindsd. Horse winds The horse latitudes are located at a.0ºc. 30º b.60ºd. 90º The jet stream flows a.Eastwardc. Westward b.Northd. South An air mass forming over the Arctic Ocean would be a.cPc. mP b.mTd. cT The winds of both hemispheres converge at the equator. There there is Low pressure, and the ICZc. High pressure and the ICZ High pressure and the horse latitudesd. Low pressure and the horse latitudes