1. Usability Usability is concerned with how easy it is for the user to accomplish a desired task and the kind of user support the system provides. Usability areas: Learning system features Using a system efficiently Minimizing the impact of user errors Adapting the system to user needs Increasing confidence and satisfaction

2. Usability

3. Usability Tactics

4. Support User Initiative Cancel: when the user issues a cancel command, the system must be listening for it, terminating execution of the command, free resources, inform collaborating components to do proper work. Undo: the system must maintain a sufficient amount of information about the system state, so that an earlier state may be restored at the user’s request. Pause/resume: to provide the ability to pause and resume user long-run operations, such downloading, and temporarily free and reallocate resources. Aggregate: provide the ability to aggregate the lower-level objects into a single group, so that the operations may be applied to the group, when a user is performing repetitive operations, or operations that affect a large number of objects in the same way.

5. Usability Tactics Support System Initiative Maintain task model: to determine context so the system can have some idea of what the user is attempting and provide assistance. Maintain user model: explicitly represents the user’s knowledge of the system, the user’s behavior in terms of expected response time, and other aspects specific to a user or a class of users. Example: user interface customization for individual users. Maintain system model: maintain an explicit model of itself, to determine expected system behavior, so that appropriate feedback can be given to the user. Example: system progress bar.