1. Retaining and Advancing Women Faculty NDSU ADVANCE FORWARD Donald Schwert Center for Science and Math Education North Dakota State University Canan Bilen-Green Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering North Dakota State University

2. Retaining and Advancing Women Faculty NDSU ADVANCE FORWARD Donald Schwert Center for Science and Math Education North Dakota State University Canan Bilen-Green Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering North Dakota State University

3. 3 Outline NSF ADVANCE Institutional Transformation Program NDSU Advance FORWARD Goals and Major Project Components Retention and Advancement of Women Faculty

4. 4 NSF ADVANCE Institutional Transformation Program Funding for comprehensive and sustainable institutional transformation to increase participation of women faculty 49 ADVANCE Institutions – 2001; 9 – 2003; 10 – 2006; 13 – 2008 ; 9 (including NDSU ) – 2010; 8 more funded in 2010

5. 5 Genesis of the Project *AAUP Report, Curtis and West, 2006 N = 1445 universities; data from US Ed Dept and AAUP % Tenure-line% Tenured% Full Professor WomenMenWomenMenWomenMen *Average455531692476 *Associate5347 534753 *Bachelor’s475336642971 *Master’s475335652872 *Doctoral415926741981 NDSU 200636641090793

6. 6 Genesis of the Project A relatively narrow and quite leaky pipeline – So what?

7. 7 Genesis of the Project Universities seeking to tap top talent pools NEED to pay attention to the progress of this large segment of the labor force in order to enhance institutional performance.

8. 8 Percentage of NDSU Women Tenure-Line Faculty by Rank Before FORWARDEarly FORWARD

9. 9 NDSU Climate and Women Faculty Several work-life surveys revealed that women faculty – Reported higher stress levels than male faculty – Struggled with work/life balance more than male faculty – Scored lower on work environment than male faculty – Rated climate lower than male faculty – Spent significantly more time on their teaching and service than male faculty No significant differences between STEM and non- STEM faculty

10. 10 North Dakota State University’s Advance FORWARD Project Campus climate Faculty recruitment Faculty retention and advancement Leadership opportunities

11. 11 Major Project Components

12. 12 Evaluation NSF 12 Indicator data collection Faculty work-life survey and academic administrator survey Evaluation of workshops and lectures, mentoring and grant programs Resigned faculty interviews Interviews with women who are full professors Focus groups with associate professors

13. 13 FORWARD Advocates & Allies FORWARD Advocates & Allies is a group of male faculty interested in supporting women faculty members in departments, colleges, and the university. Advocates and Allies are active proponents of gender diversity and equality in their units. Men trained to date: 65

14. 14 Junior Faculty Mentoring Program New faculty cohort mentoring program and mentor training – Same gender mentoring groups are composed of 4-5 new faculty and 2 senior faculty (expanded to include male and non-STEM faculty) – Groups meet monthly from first-year through third-year review process – Planned activities offered once per semester (e.g., scholarly writing, teaching assessment) – Two annual workshops with outside experts

15. 15 Junior Faculty Mentoring Speakers Gender & the Evaluation of Teaching: What We Can't Count Can Hurt Us- pedagogical lunch, workshop for PTE committee members Joey Sprague Rising Above Cognitive Errors: Tips for Promotion, Tenure and Evaluation, Good and Bad Practices related to job searches and review processes- pedagogical lunch, workshops for chairs, deans, female faculty, PTE committees JoAnn Moody Networking workshop for female facultyBonnie Coffey How to Feel as Bright as Everyone Thinks You Are: Why Smart Women (and Men) Suffer from the Impostor Syndrome and What to Do About It- pedagogical lunch Valerie Young

16. 16 Junior Faculty Mentoring Program: Evaluation Mentees agree that the mentoring program has increased their sense of connection across campus and in the community, and are satisfied with the mentoring experience Women are less likely than men to agree that the mentoring program increased their comfort level with the promotion and tenure process at NDSU Female faculty mentees preferred female mentors but male faculty mentees preferred mixed groups All groups mutually found the experience valuable Time and scheduling were reported to be the greatest challenges

17. 17 Mid-career Mentoring Program Funds to create peer, mid-career mentoring teams, which may be interdisciplinary Teams meet informally once a month and include at least two women but can be mixed gender Includes twice-yearly formal meetings with academic administrators Funding to teams to assist in purchasing items needed to meet the mentoring goals of the group

18. 18 Promotion to Professor Panels Promotion to Professor Panel Series −Recently Promoted Professors, Department Chairs, PTE Committee Members Panels are informing faculty about how/when to apply for professorship – Participants somewhat agreed that their understanding of the process and criteria for promotion to full professor improved (81.2%) – Participants somewhat agreed that they acquired new skills and/or information about determining when they are ready to apply for promotion to full professor (73.5%)

19. 19 Grant Programs Promote the advancement of tenure-line women faculty Major grants involve external reviews; internal committees Offer information sessions Mentor travel relationship, course release, leap research, lab renovation, and leadership development

20. 20 Travel, Course Release, Climate/Gender, Leadership, and Leap Awards 2008-2010 As of summer 2010, those awards have translated into – 19 articles under review, – 6 articles accepted for publication, – 22 grants submitted and under review, and – 6 grants funded. 68 faculty received FORWARD awards totaling of $633,114

21. 21 Grant Programs: Evaluation Grant/award recipients we surveyed agreed to some extend that their participation have had a positive impact on their – decision to remain at NDSU (85.4%), – tenure and/or promotion process (87.8%), – career advancement (80.5%), and – experience of the NDSU campus climate (78.0%).

22. 22 Before FORWARDEarly FORWARDNDSU Advance FORWARD Percentage of NDSU Women Tenure-Line Faculty by Rank 10%

23. 23 Percentage of NDSU Tenure-Line STEM Faculty by Gender Early FORWARD

24. 24 New Faculty Orientation: Enhancing Department Climate Session Offered in 2008, 2009, and 2010 Participants generate ideas on – barriers to promoting a positive department climate – helpful aspects to promoting a positive department climate Participants somewhat agreed that – their knowledge of how to promote a positive climate at NDSU increased (100%) – they have acquired new skills, information, or understanding about gender and climate at NDSU (100%)

25. 25 Impact on Climate Grant/award recipients: – agreed to some extent that their participation in the FORWARD award/grant program(s) enhanced their experience of the NDSU campus climate (78.0%) Mentees somewhat agreed that being in the cohort mentoring program has: – increased their sense of connection with other faculty (100%) – decreased their sense of isolation on the NDSU campus (71%) Mentors somewhat agreed that being in the cohort mentoring program – has increased their sense of connection with other faculty on campus (75.1%) – felt that they were mentored during the cohort mentoring process (50.0%) – had a positive impact on their own experience of the climate at NDSU (56.3%)

26. 26 Retention Progress Grant/award recipients agreed to some extend that their participation in the award/grant program(s) had a positive impact on their decision to remain at NDSU (85.4% ) Retain/promote women assistant professors – 2008-09: 8 women associate professors (8 of 20 promotions) – 2009-10: 5 women associate professors (5 of 17 promotions) – 2010-11: 8 women associate professors (8 of 18 promotions) 2010 COACHE survey: NDSU is one of top four institutions in clarity of expectations for tenure

27. 27 Promote/Advance Progress Promote/advance women associate professors – 2008-09: 1 woman professor (1 of 13 promotions) – 2009-10: 6 women professors (6 of 12 promotions) – 2010-11: 3 women professors (3 of 12 promotions) Work-life survey revealed no significant difference between male/female faculty – perceptions of research time – regarding perceptions of ability to collaborate Mentees agreed that being in the mentoring program increased their comfort level with the promotion/tenure process (74.2%)

28. 28 Policy Related Work Spouse/Partner Hire Policy 103 – formal search for all positions Department equity award Faculty Service Award Childbearing leave Modified duties Tracking compliance with policies Student Evaluation of Teaching

29. 29 Impacts Increased the number of women full professors Increased the number of advanced women associate professors to consider promotion Enhanced research productivity Initiated revision of current policies and new policies Stimulated conversations about climate Increased the number of women in leadership roles Increased the number of women faculty Fostered greater interest in engaging in issues

30. 30 Conclusion Universities seeking to tap top talent pools need to pay attention to the progress of women faculty in order to enhance institutional performance. Through ADVANCE IT framework, changes in policy, attitude, and outlook have begun to take place. NSF ADVANCE guidelines are a good resource for other institutions interested in IT.

31. 31 Thank You…

32. 32 Additional Slides

33. 33 Mentor Relationship Travel Grant Provide funds to offset costs of meeting with mentors from outside NDSU to build long-term professional mentoring relationships – Travel costs associated with meeting a mentor – Travel costs associated with bringing a mentor to NDSU

34. 34 Course Release Grants Provides funds for one-semester release from teaching responsibilities Open to tenure-line women faculty in STEM disciplines Budget cap: Cost of teaching replacement Awardees are expected to submit manuscripts (peer reviewed)

35. 35 Leap Research Grants Provides research grants to seed successful grant proposals Open to tenure-track and tenured women faculty in STEM disciplines Proposals reviewed by external researchers; internal committee Awardees are expected to submit proposals, manuscripts

36. 36 Barriers to Women’s Advancement in the Academic Ranks “the chilly climate” ―committee assignments ―support roles empirical evidence of gender bias ―overrating of men; under-rating of women “the gendered organization” ―work policies evolved from life experience of traditional male bread-winner, but now...

37. 37 coincidence of biological and tenure clocks ―the “glass floor”; the “second shift”; the “invisible job”; the “hidden curriculum”; and a “catch 22” a variety of remedies −Mentoring −Policy critical mass ―35-40% women needed to overcome perceived tokenism and extra scrutiny Barriers to Women’s Advancement in the Academic Ranks

38. Retaining and Advancing Women Faculty NDSU ADVANCE FORWARD Donald Schwert Center for Science and Math Education North Dakota State University Canan Bilen-Green Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering North Dakota State University

39. Retaining and Advancing Women Faculty NDSU ADVANCE FORWARD Donald Schwert Center for Science and Math Education North Dakota State University Canan Bilen-Green Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering North Dakota State University

40. Retaining and Advancing Women Faculty NDSU ADVANCE FORWARD Donald Schwert Center for Science and Math Education North Dakota State University Canan Bilen-Green Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering North Dakota State University