1. FIELD AND TYPE OF ULTRASONIC APPLICATIONS PROCESSING UNIT ANALYZER UNIT MEASURING UNIT DISPLAY UNIT RECEIVER UNIT TRANSMITTER UNIT TR OBJECT GENERAL ULTRASONIC SYSTEM

2. TYPEOBJECTIVEMETHOD INSTRUMENTATION  Determine process parameters and material properties (mechanical, physical, chemical)  Measure the acoustic properties (sound velocity, coefficient of attenuation, zero moment power) of ultrasonic waves propagated through the materials NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING (NDT)  Detect, locate and characterize flaws (cracks, voids, inclusions) in materials and structures  Observe the wave phenomena (transmission, reflection, refraction, diffraction, scattering) occurred caused by the interaction between the flaws and the ultrasonic wave NON DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION (NDE)  Determine the quality of materials (gases, liquids, solids)  Measuring the acoustic properties of ultrasonic waves propagated through the materials. MACROSONICS  Process material by using high power ultrasonic waves  Use the mechanical, physical, chemical and biological effects on materials ULTRASONIC APPLICATIONS

3. INSTRUMENTATION MATERIAL PROPERTIESPROCESS PARAMETERS PorosityTemperature DensityPressure Elastic propertiesFlow Grain size in metalLevel Anisotropy and texturePosition Fluid compositionStress and strain Viscosity in fluidDynamic force, vibration and acceleration

4. NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING INDUSTRYMATERIALS / EQUIPMENTSDEFECTS Basic metalSteel, aluminum, iron, magnesium, etcPorosity, inclusions, center pipe Metal fabricators Plate, sheet, pipe, tubing, forgings, extrusions, die block, casting Lamination, seams, inclusion, bursts, flaking, porosity, concentricity AircraftAircraft engine components, propeller, airframe components, landing gears Fatigue cracks, internal flaws in materials AutomotiveBody panel sheets, engine and transmission partsLamination, cracks RubberTiresPly separation, ply thickness PlasticsPlastics and ceramics, fiberglass-reinforcedPorosity, inclusions, cracks, delamination RailroadsRails, axels and crankshafts in engine and rolling stock Fatigue cracks Metal stampingTrack and wheels, sheet stock, crankshafts, punch press Cracks, laminations, inclusions, fatigue cracks Electric powerTurbines and generators, piping, pressure vessel, penstocks Internal cracks and flaws seams weld defects Chemical and refineries Compressors, vessels and pipingConnecting rods, seams, lamination, weld defects Mining and quarryng Hoist and crusher shaftsFatigue cracks MarineHull plate, propellers shaftsLaminations, weld flaw cracks, porosity cracks MetallurgyAll metalsPhysical constants, grain size

5. NON DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION OBJECTSQUALITY PARAMETERS MetalYoung modulus, shear modulus, hardness, grain size, stress intensity factor CeramicPorosity PolymerViscosity, molecular weight, composition RockPorosity ConcreteCompressive strength FruitMaturity, ripeness, sugar content SoilPre consolidation pressure WoodMoisture content RubberDry rubber content (DRC) BiodieselBulk modulus, compressibility, viscosity Crude Palm OilFree fatty acid (FFA) content Crude oilWater cut EthanolViscosity, water content

6. MACROSONICS APPLICATIONDESCRIPTION Electroplating agitation of electrolyte Distributing and agitating electrolyte for uniform plating Impregnation of porous materials (textile, metal ) Increased density, absence of gas inclusion Degassing of melts metal, glass Improvement in material density, refinement of grain structure Mixing of slurry (pulp) Improvement in consistency Agitation of chemical solution (photographic developer) Maintaining uniform concentration, deareation of liquids Accelerating chemical reaction Aging of liquors, tanning of hides, extractions Food treatment Destroying molds, bacteria, tenderization, removing loose starch Drying (plastic, paper, textile webs ) Turbulence and pressure pattern Causes drying Cleaning and degreasing Cavitated cleaning solution scrubs, parts immersed in solution Defoaming and degassing Separation of foam and gas from liquid, reducing gas and foam content Drilling and abrading Abrasive slurry interposed between sonically vibrated tool and work piece

7. APPLICATIONDESCRIPTION Foaming of beveragesDisplacing air by foam in bottles or container prior to capping Emulsification, dispersion and homogenization Mixing and homogenizing of liquid, slurry, cream Soldering and brazingDisplacement of oxide film to accomplish bonding without flux Welding metals and plasticsWelding similar and dissimilar Metal, soft and rigid plastics AgglomerationSeparating solids from gases or Producing larger particles Atomization and vaporizationAtomizing liquids to provide aerosol, Vaporizing fuel oil Accelerating chemical reactionAging of liquors, tanning of hides, extractions Food treatmentDestroying molds, bacteria, Tenderization, removing loose starch Drying (plastic, paper, textile webs) Turbulence and pressure pattern causes drying Metal insertion into solid plastic material Application of ultrasonic vibrations to metal insert producing localized softening as insert is pressed into plastic Metal workingVibrated die or rolling reduces friction during drawing or rolling, greater reduction in fewer passes, reduces grain size MACROSONICS