1. Tonight’s Agenda

2. Questions ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

3. Randomness and Mutation

4. What do you think scientists expect to find through SETI and SETI@home?

5. Why do you think NASA chose to eliminate funding for SETI in the 1990s?

6. Do you believe SETI and SETI@home are worthwhile projects? Why?

7. What outcome(s) do you think will result from SETI and SETI@home?

9. Fishes.southernfriedscience.com

10. Astrobiology - Examining life at its extremes on earth (hydrothermal vents). Where else within our solar system might we find life adapted to extreme conditions like the vents? Europa (Jupiter’s 4th Moon)‏ Jupiter’s 4 Galilean moons

11. Jupiter’s 4th Moon Europa - A hidden Ocean??? Ice Covered Surface - Is the ice moving??

12. Two Hypotheses Warm Convecting Ice Liquid Ocean Under Ice Could be ~ 100km deep Geothermal activity High tidal range due to Jupiter ~110 feet causes ice shells to flex every 3.5 days.

13. Europa - Ocean Explorer Europa - Orbiter

14. Is there life on other planets? What do you think? “The Drake Equation” N = R * x f p x n e X f l x f i x f c x L N = the number of civilizations in our galaxy in which communication might be possible R* = the average rate of star formation per year in our galaxy (7/year) ‏ fp = the fraction of those stars that have planets (0.5) ‏ ne = the average number of planets that can support life per star that has planets (0.005) ‏ fℓ = the fraction of the above that actually go on to develop life at some point (0.33) ‏ fi = the fraction of the above that actually go on to develop intelligent life (0.01) ‏ fc = the fraction of civilizations that develop a technology that releases detectable signs of their existence into space (0.01) ‏ L = the length of time such civilizations release detectable signals into space. (10000 years) ‏ N= 0.006

15. Questions ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?