1. ENABLING DIGITAL LEARNING Physical and Virtual Environments HANIZAM SULAIMAN UTM Centre for ICT Download slides here http://bit.ly/1gqG577

2. Contents Digital Learning Characteristics Main enablers Learning Environment The expectations The provisioning Takeaways What possible now Download slides here http://bit.ly/1gqG577

3. Digital Learning Definition – learning facilitated by technology that gives some element of control over time, place, path and/or pace to learners/students. any time any place own style own pace Definition from Digital Learning Now! “PERSONAL LEARNING PREFERENCES” Download slides here http://bit.ly/1gqG577

4. 4 6 Digital Learning Characteristics Analog  Digital Tethered  Mobile Isolated  Connected Generic  Personal Consumption  Creating Closed  Open Source: David Wiley (2008): Openness and the disaggregated future of higher education 15 October 2010 Download slides here http://bit.ly/1gqG577

5. Digital Native vs. Digital Literate Digital literacy – effective acquisition and utilization of knowledge using 21 st century digital technology Studies by Kennedy et al., 2008 and Ladbrook & Probert, 2011 have shown that digital natives are not digital literates New skills – digital fluency Download slides here http://bit.ly/1gqG577

6. Roles of ICT Enabling learners – to become drivers of their own learning in a connected environment, – to become creators and contributors of knowledge Key Enablers i.Access to learning resources, communication and collaborative tools ii.High speed connection iii.Authoring tools – hard and software Download slides here http://bit.ly/1gqG577

7. Digital Learning Environment Download slides here http://bit.ly/1gqG577

8. Digital Learning Landscape

9. Campus Life Digital Landscape

10. What the students expect? - Studies and reports by Educause StudyBlue Gartner IDC Pew Internet Malaysia’s MCMC Download slides here http://bit.ly/1gqG577

11. Educause Study, Feb 2013 Ubiquitous Wireless is expected – 6 out of 10 students own smart phones – 80% had broadband at home – mainly for learning, communication and entertainment Download slides here http://bit.ly/1gqG577

12. StudyBlue Study 2011 Ubiquitous and instantaneous access to knowledge resources is critical for best possible learning experience – Smartphone users study 40 mins more per week – Study while on the go, in the bus, waiting – 50% (out of 1 million) study while going to bed, waking up or staying in line – 19% study in the bathroom Download slides here http://bit.ly/1gqG577

13. Pew Internet Study, 2013 Age 18-29 : 95% have access to broadband (home + smartphone) 80% at home 80% smartphone Mass adoption of teleconferencing and distance learning by 2020 57% of American adults use their cell phone to go online. 21% of cell phone owners say they mostly access the internet using their phone. http://pewinternet.org/Infographics/2013/How-Americans-go-online.aspx

14. Gartner, 2013 Massive Open Online Courses (Cousera, edX, Udacity) spectrums now include degrees, credits, credentials and knowledge MOOCs are favoured due to economic pressure

15. IDC Study, 2013 29.1% sales growth of connected device 78.4% tablets (2011 to 2012 sales) – 128 mil tablets 27.1% smartphone – 918 mil units PC desktops and portables sales declined

17. Educause Study, 2012 Source: http://educause.edu/ecar-student-2012

18. Educause Study, 2012 Source: http://educause.edu/ecar-student-2012

19. Blending modalities and engaging learners is a winning combination. – Students expect their instructors to use technology to engage them in the learning process The time has come to move beyond thinking about individual platforms and devices. – Students want to access academic progress information and course material via their mobile devices Students believe technology is critical to academic success and future accomplishments. Students want multiple communication options for different purposes and audiences. – use social networks for interacting with friends more than for academic communication. – Use e-mail, face-to-face interaction, and using the course/learning management system for academic matters

20. Malaysia Digital Outlook Population - 29.71 mil Households - 6,895,000 Broadband penetration rate – 22.3 per 100 inhabitants – 66.8 per 100 households KL, Putrajaya, Penang > 80% (at par USA) Sabah, Sarawak, Kedah 54 to 56% Kelantan 43% Urban 82.2% Rural 17.8% (2011) – 1.74 million non-households subscriptions – 4,210 villages with wifi hotspots – 34,372 urban wifi hotspots Source: MCMC Communications and Multimedia Pocket Book of Statistics Q2 2013

22. Cellular Telephone Subscriptions Total 42.6 million (Q2 2013) – Postpaid 7.5 mil – Prepaid 35 mil – Total rate 143.4 per 100 inhabitants Source: MCMC Communications and Multimedia Pocket Book of Statistics Q2 2013

23. So what do they want? Ubiquitous Learning – Study in bed, bathroom, while in line waiting, during exercise (?) – Expect connections all the time, using smartphone to access LMS and materials Wifi hotspots 3G/4G coverage – Gen Wifi (?) Personal space/ environment – Separate communication channel for academic and social networks – Use of OER, edu games (MOOCs ?) – Blended learning and engagement

24. Roles of ICT Enabling learners – to become drivers of their own learning in a connected environment, – to become creators and contributors of knowledge Key Enablers i.Access to learning resources, communication and collaborative tools ii.High speed connection iii.Authoring tools – hard and software

25. Key challenges/issues to great student learning experience Download slides here http://bit.ly/1gqG577

26. Issue #1: OER Open educational resources are media rich learning objects/materials, bandwidth hungry – Eg. streaming videos, SCORM packages – Smartphone requires wireless Wifi hotspots, 3G or 4G best effort type of connections – Good HD streaming requires min 512 kbps at all time – More users connecting to the wifi access point, negative effects on the speed Loss of connection or jagged video streams CDN unicast for VOD is too costly and out or reach for many – Over wifi ?

27. Issue #2: Small smart devices Multiple device types, own devices Increasing popularity for internet access due to cheaper android devices – Unlike iOS, Androids older devices locked at outdated versions - firmware not supported (?) No Security patches Wifi / Wireless LAN is the primary access layer – AP must BYOD-ready BYOD policy must be in placed to balance the need for security and control with enabling ubiquitous learning environment QoS for video streaming increases access contention ratio. Bandwidth is still expansive

28. Issue #3: Learning Contents Flash based LO is no longer supported in Android 4.4 (Apple iOS dropped support for Flash since its inception) – Different development for different device type is not sustainable. Different OS, iOS vs Android? Multi devices, multi screen sizes, multi OSes (desktop, notebook, iPad, iPhone, Galaxy etc). – LMS’s web not shown properly on small, low resolution screens – Different apps for different OSes. Not sustainable. – Developers’ headache? SCORM’s incompatibility with HTML5, the new multiple devices web coding

29. Issue #4: Apple vs. Samsung Which one to start first? Mobile developers’ nightmare? Win 8.1?

30. The Takeaways Download slides here http://bit.ly/1gqG577

31. The Solutions are here, or soon. 1.Video streaming/VOD over best effort networks like wifi and 3G is now possible using Octoshape Infinite HD multicast – TM IPTV, 1MalaysiaTV, UTM-TV 2.New wifi standards, the IEEE802.11n and 802.11ac offer 450 Mbps to 1.5 Gbps – Now possible to set QoS without effecting too much on contention ratio 3.LTE 4G is here to complement Wimax “4G”. More spectrums, more capacity, more coverage for true ubiquitous access via smartphones. Increases speed from typical 2 Mbps to 300 Mbps (theoretical). – QoS is still not possible (best effort) but not an issue, for now. http://www.octoshape.com/showcase/vod/#

32. Different learner’s experience with different devices

33. Solution: HTML5 4.HTML5 gives us an environment that runs across mobiles and laptops 5.New SCORM called Tin Pan, is now compatible with HTML5 http://www.netexcompany.com/whitepapers/meeting-the-challenge-of-multi- device-m-learning/

34. BYOD Mobile Security Uncharted territory like the wild wild west Blackberry and iOS (jailed) are enterprise ready. Enterprise AV for iOS is available Androids are wild west and iOS is Legoland. Apps can be uploaded to the devices from numerous sources. U.S. Government has recently Issued warning about security on Android phones Android accounts for 79 percent of mobile malware, while Apple’s iOS accounts for 0.7 percent Use of BYOD-ready access points is a must http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/08/28/u-s-government-issues-warning-about- security-on-android-phones/?_r=0

35. UTM JB Campus Digital Health 2 Gbps internet gateways – 1 Gbps for Library, Faculty and Admin buildings – 1 Gbps for 17 residential colleges on top of 400 Mbps microwave for Wimax Wifi 802.11n is being deployed to residential colleges to guarantee minimum 512kbps downlink suitable for video streaming (flipped classroom ready) – Over 2,500 access points for 20,000 students – Aruba AP, with leading security and BYOD-ready – 4G Wimax and giganet backhaul

36. Wimax 4G dongles will be deployed to non- resident PG students to enable in-campus learning experience Wimax 4G coverage 80% geographically LTE 4G is being deployed with >80% coverage with much larger capacity – 2 LTE providers 3G data services are offered by all operators 100 Mbps Metro E from UTMKL to JB Campus – 400 Mbps ++ internet gateway – 100% Wimax 4G coverage

37. Hanizam Sulaiman hanizam@utm.my www.cict.utm.my my.linkedin.com/in/hanizam/ www.cheme.utm.my/staff/hanizam http://www.utm.my/ecotourism/ Download slides here at http://bit.ly/1gqG577

38. Wimax vs LTE vs HSPA+ HSPA+ theoretical peak data rates of 42Mbps DL and 23 Mbps UL. WiMAX theoretical peak data rates of 75Mbps DL and 30Mbps UL. LTE theoretical peak data rates of 300Mbps DL and 75 Mbps UL.