1. The Children and Families Act 2014 ‘Working Together’ conference Rainbow Parent Carers Forum 1 April 2015 Steve Broach Barrister Monckton Chambers www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

2. CFA 2014 – top five changes CFA 2014 – top three challenges Care Act 2014 – key issues Parent Carers Needs Assessments Context of cuts short breaks school transport Topics to discuss www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

3. Section 19 ‘best possible educational and other outcomes’ Genuine 0-25 approach Duty to provide health services in EHC Plans – section 42 Spotlight on social care – section H1 The Local Offer – but... CFA 2014 – Top Five Changes www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

4. Section 19 CFA provides that: In exercising a function under this Part in the case of a child or young person, a local authority… must have regard to… the need to support the child and his or her parent, or the young person, in order to facilitate the development of the child or young person and to help him or her achieve the best possible educational and other outcomes. Applies to everything done under CFA CFA - Importance of s 19 principles www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

5. Section 25 – LAs must carry out functions with view to integrating education, health and social care provision Section 26 – duty to have joint commissioning arrangements (Code Ch 3) Section 27 – duty to keep education and care provision under review and consider sufficiency Sections 28, 29, 31 – co-ooperation duties Strategic duties www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

6. Presumption in favour of maintained nursery school, mainstream school or mainstream post-16 – section 34 SEN support – four part cycle Assess Plan Do Review – all funded via notional SEN budget + top up Governors’ best endeavours duty – section 66 Support from school www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

7. Key existing law re social care / health Children Act 1989 section 17 / Working Together to Safeguard Children (2013) Assessments of children in need in 45 working days Immediate response in urgent cases Requirement for child in need plan National Framework for Children’s Continuing Healthcare Applies to ‘complex’ cases – inc behaviour Multi-agency assessment / decision in 8 working days Health / Education / Social Care interface www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

8. The Local Offer R (L and P) v Warwickshire CC [2015] EWHC 203 (Admin) Ground D – paras 74-80. Local Offer deficient in relation to 16 of the matters prescribed by Schedule 2 to the 2014 Regulations. Proposed Local Offer falls ‘a considerable distance short of the statutory requirements’ CFA 2014 – Top Three Challenges (1a) www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

9. The Local Offer Basic requirement of all Local Offers is to provide the information required by schedule 2 to the Regulations Vital not to lose second purpose, see Code at para 4.2 ‘To make provision more responsive to local needs and aspirations’ LAs should already be seeking comments in accordance with regulation 56 (and s 27) CFA 2014 – Top Three Challenges (1b) www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

10. Transition to EHC Plans Every LA required to have its Local Transition Plan in place See ‘Statutory guidance - ‘Transition to the new 0 to 25 special educational needs and disability system‘ Transfer review requires the local authority to carry out an EHC needs assessment in accordance with Regulation 6 New advice required unless parents, professional and LA agree to use old advice CFA 2014 – Top Three Challenges (2) www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

11. The Joined-Up Approach Health Clear duty on CCGs to arrange provision if in plan Challenge seems to be getting health to table Social care Real confusion as to what is required by the CSDPA 1970 (section H1) Different entitlement to direct payments Absence of Tribunal appeal right Including outcomes... CFA 2014 – Top Three Challenges (3) www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

12. Transition duties Assessments (child, child’s carer, young carer) Continuation of services – section 66 New rights to support for carers Of over 18s... National eligibility criteria More generous than ‘substantial’? The Care Act 2014 www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

13. Charging Current consultation – no charges for those who turn 18 with eligible needs? Advocacy Extensive new right – but availability? Parent Carers Needs Assessments Section 97 CFA What does this add to existing law? Carers and Disabled Children Act 2000 s 6 The Care Act 2014 (2) www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

14. Section 97 – parent carers’ needs assessments In force 1 April 2015 (like Care Act) Inserts new sections 17ZD-ZF into CA 1989 Requires PCNA to be carried out either on request or where appearance of need (s 17ZD(3)) Must have regard to well-being of parent carer and need to safeguard and promote welfare of disabled child (s 17ZD(10)) May be combined with other assessments (s 17ZE(3)) Detail may be specified in regulations (s 17ZE(4)) Duties to parent carers www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

15. Is there a new duty to provide services to parent carers? Section 17ZF requires ‘consideration’ of PCNA In particular: Does the parent carer have needs for support in relation to their caring role? Does the disabled child have needs for support? Could those needs be satisfied by services provided under section 17? Must then decide ‘whether or not to provide any such services in relation to the parent carer or the disabled child’ Duties to parent carers (2) www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

16. Problems with PCNAs Overlap with existing carers’ assessment duties Carers Act 1995 s 1 remains in force (‘grandparent problem’) Overlap with duty to conduct ‘holistic’ assessment of disabled children under CA 1989 s 17 Only general duty to provide services under section 17 – including to family members, s 17(3) No link to CSDPA 1970 s 2 – the specific duty to provide services to disabled children... Duties to parent carers (3) www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

17. Cuts – Short Breaks www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211 Relevant statutory duties CSDPA 1970 s 2 – home-based (s 2(1)(a)) and community-based (s 2(1)(c)) CA 1989 s 17 and schedule 2, para 6(1)(c) Provide services ‘to assist individuals who provide care for such children to continue to do so, or to do so more effectively, by giving them breaks from caring’. Breaks for Carers of Disabled Children Regulations 2011 CA 2004 s 11 – safeguarding and promotion of children’s welfare in carrying out functions CFA 2014 s 19 – ‘best possible outcomes’

18. Reg 3 – LAs required to focus on carers’ needs: ‘to undertake education, training or any regular leisure activity, meet the needs of other children in the family more effectively, or carry out day to day tasks which they must perform in order to run their household Reg 4 – duty to provide ‘so far as is reasonably practicable, a range of services which is sufficient to assist carers...’ Breaks for Carers of Disabled Children Regs 2011 www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

19. Reg 4 (cont) – services must include: day-time care overnight care educational or leisure activities for disabled children outside their homes, and services available to assist carers in the evenings, at weekends and during the school holidays. Reg 5 – duty to publish short breaks services statement (‘SBSS’) Breaks for Carers of Disabled Children Regs 2011 (2) www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

20. Reg 5 (cont) – SBSS must cover the range of services provided in accordance with regulation 4 any criteria by which eligibility for those services will be assessed, and how the range of services is designed to meet the needs of carers in their area. Must be published with Local Offer Code at para 4.44 Breaks for Carers of Disabled Children Regs 2011 (3) www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

21. ‘Eligible’ children aged 5-15 – duty to provide free, suitable transport (s 508B and schedule 35B) Children aged under 5 or 16-17 – power to provide suitable transport – can charge (s 508C) Over 18s – duty to provide suitable transport – must be free (s 508F) Post-16 transport policy statement – s 509AA and AB Cuts - School Transport www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

22. Huge opportunities in both 2014 Acts Implementation will inevitably take time 10 years? Very difficult to achieve system change in context of reduced funding Compliance with spirit, not just letter, of new law is vital Making change happen in real partnership with children, young people and parents Conclusions www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

23. Improvements under new system http://rightsinreality.wordpress.com/2014/08/19/five-reasons-why-new- sen-system-improves-on-present/ SEN Direct payments http://rightsinreality.wordpress.com/2014/08/28/why-sen-direct- payments-are-a-legal-damp-squib/ Local Offer http://rightsinreality.wordpress.com/2014/09/01/the-strange-case-of- the-missing-local-offers/ Local transition plans http://rightsinreality.wordpress.com/2014/09/01/local-transition-plans- another-sen-duty-being-ignored/ Blog posts for more info www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

24. Social care – CSDPA http://rightsinreality.wordpress.com/2014/08/25/csdpa-the-mystery- duty-for-disabled-childrens-social-care/ Judicial Review http://rightsinreality.wordpress.com/2014/08/30/why-judicial-review-is- a-real-remedy-in-sen-and-disability-cases/ Mental Capacity (decision making) http://rightsinreality.wordpress.com/2014/09/13/why-parents-can- make-decisions-for-young-people-under-the-send-reforms/ School Transport http://rightsinreality.wordpress.com/2014/09/19/school-transport-no- right-to-education-if-you-cant-get-there/ Blog posts for more info www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

25. Childcare http://rightsinreality.wordpress.com/2014/09/30/childcare-for-disabled- children-reasonable-adjustments-and-the-right-to-ordinary-lives/ Direct payments http://rightsinreality.wordpress.com/2014/10/11/direct-payments-dont- get-fooled-by-personalisation/ Care Act eligibility http://rightsinreality.wordpress.com/2014/10/27/care-act-2014-first- thoughts-on-eligibility-a-moderate-success/ Duty to consult (Moseley v Haringey) http://rightsinreality.wordpress.com/2014/10/29/duty-to-consult- supreme-court-sets-down-what-fairness-requires/ Blog posts for more info www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

26. Challenging cuts https://rightsinreality.wordpress.com/2014/11/11/challenging-the- coming-cuts-to-childrens-services-budgets/ Disabled children’s human rights https://rightsinreality.wordpress.com/2014/12/10/close-to-home-or- virtually-invisible-disabled-childrens-human-rights/ Blog posts for more info www.monckton.com+44 (0)20 7405 7211

27. Steve Broach Monckton Chambers emailsbroach@monckton.comsbroach@monckton.com twitter@stevebroach blogrightsinreality.wordpress.com