1. Enfa A+ For Smart Beginnings THE SPECTRUM OF NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES Joselyn C. Alonzo-Eusebio, M.D. Developmental Pediatrician

2. Enfa A+ For Smart Beginnings

3. Enfa A+ For Smart Beginnings Newest “morbidity” in childhood disorders NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS

4. Enfa A+ For Smart Beginnings NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER any disorder which is potentially capable of producing a chronic handicap that would adversely affect the quality of a child’s or adolescent’s life

5. Enfa A+ For Smart Beginnings CLASSIFICATION OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS I.Disorders primarily manifesting as a motor handicap A. Cerebral palsy II. Disorders primarily manifesting as a cognitive handicap A. Mental retardation

6. Enfa A+ For Smart Beginnings III. Disorders with specific deficits in processing A. Peripheral processing disorders 1. Hearing impairment 2. Visual impairment B. Central processing disorders 1. Autism 2. Attention Deficit Disorder 3. Learning Disabilities IV. Seizures

7. Enfa A+ For Smart Beginnings PREVALENCE 15-20% of the pediatric population have neurodevelopmental disabilities

8. Enfa A+ For Smart Beginnings ESTIMATED PREVALENCE OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS & OTHER CHRONIC CONDITIONS Disorder Case per 1,000 Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Dis 100.0 Speech & language disorders 70.0 Learning disorders 75.0 Asthma 29.0 Mental retardation 20.0 Arthritis 3.5 Cerebral palsy 2.0 Severe hearing impairment 1.5 Diabetes mellitus 1.0 Autism 0.4 Visual impairment 0.4 Gortmaker, Walker, et al 1990

9. Enfa A+ For Smart Beginnings SPECTRUM OF NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES AT NDC - PCMC (2000)

10. Enfa A+ For Smart Beginnings DEVELOPMENTAL CONCERNS Newborn Physiologic stability Dysmorphisms Neurologic syndromes High risk neonate Cong malformation CNS dysfunction Infancy Gross motor abilities Disorders of motor development Preschool Language abilities Disorders of language development School Age School performance Behaviors Disorders of cognitive development Behavior problems

11. Enfa A+ For Smart Beginnings DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY  Specific concern on development  Difficult to clearly delineate what is normal and what is abnormal  Guide : average level of established norms  The further away from the average a child is  the more likely he is to be delayed

12. Enfa A+ For Smart Beginnings Individualized Multidisciplinary

13. Enfa A+ For Smart Beginnings To enable the child reach his optimal developmental potential Early recognition and early intervention…