1. Chapter 5 IP Address Configuration Connecting People To Information

2. Unique addressing allows communication between end stations Path choice is based on location Location is represented by an address Introduction to TCP/IP Addresses UNIX Host Company A Company B

3. Connecting People To Information IP Addressing 32 Bits NetworkHost 8 Bits 172. 16. 122. 204 8 Bits

4. Connecting People To Information Class A: Class B: Class C: Class D: for multicast Class E: for research N = Network number H = Host number IP Address Classes NHHHNNHHNNNH

5. Connecting People To Information IP Address Bit Patterns 1724 Class A: # Bits 114161 Class B: # Bits 121811 Class C: # Bits 0network #host #1network #host #01network #host #10

6. Connecting People To Information Recognizing Classes in IP Addresses (First Octet Rule) High Order Bits Octet in Decimal Address Class 0 10 110 1 – 126 128 – 191 192 – 223 ABCABC

7. Configuring IP Addresses

8. Connecting People To Information Host Addresses 172.16.2.1 172.16.3.10 172.16.12.12 IP: 172.16.2.1 10.1.1.1 10.250.8.11 10.180.30.118 IP: 10.6.24.2 E0E1 172.1612 NetworkHost.. NetworkInterface 172.16.0.0 10.0.0.0 E0 E1 Routing Table

9. Connecting People To Information Network 172.16.0.0 172.16.0.0 Addressing without Subnets

10. Connecting People To Information Network 172.16.0.0 Addressing with Subnets 172.16.1.0172.16.2.0 172.16.3.0 172.16.4.0

11. Connecting People To Information Subnet Addressing 172.16.2.200 172.16.2.2 172.16.2.160 IP: 172.16.2.1 172.16.3.5 172.16.3.100 172.16.3.150 IP: 172.16.3.1 E0E1 172.162160 NetworkHost.. NetworkInterface 172.16.2.0 172.16.3.0 E0 E1 New Routing Table Subnet

12. Connecting People To Information Subnet Mask 1721600 255 00 0 IP Address Default Subnet Mask 8-bit Subnet Mask NetworkHost Use host bits, starting at the high order bit position NetworkHost NetworkSubnetHost

13. Connecting People To Information Decimal Equivalents of Bit Patterns 10000000=128 11000000=192 11100000=224 11110000=240 11111000=248 11111100=252 11111110=254 11111111=255 128 6432168421

14. Connecting People To Information Network Host 172.16.2.160 255.255.0.0 1721600 10101100 11111111 10101100 00010000 11111111 00010000 00000000 10100000 00000000 Subnets not in use—the default 00000010 Subnet Mask without Subnets

15. Connecting People To Information NetworkHost 172.16.2.160 255.255.255.0 1721620 Subnet 11111111 00000000 11111111 Network number extended by eight bits 10101100 00010000 00000010 10100000 00000000 00000010 Subnet Mask with Subnets

16. Connecting People To Information IP Host Address:172.16.2.120 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 Subnet Address = 172.16.2.0 Host Addresses = 172.16.2.1–172.16.2.254 Broadcast Address = 172.16.2.255 Eight bits of subnetting Network SubnetHost 1721620 172.16.2.120: 255.255.255.0: 10101100 11111111 Subnet:1010110000010000 11111111 00000010 11111111 01111001 00000000 Class B Subnet Planning Example

17. Connecting People To Information IP Host Address:201.222.5.121 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.248 NetworkSubnetHost 2012225120 201.222.5.121:11001001 11111111 Subnet:1100100111011110 11111111 00000101 11111111 01111 001 11111 000 01111 000 255.255.255.248: Class C Subnet Planning Example Subnet Address = 201.222.5.120 Host Addresses = 201.222.5.121–201.222.5.126 Broadcast Address = 201.222.5.127 Five Bits of Subnetting

18. Connecting People To Information Broadcast Addresses 172.16.1.0 172.16.2.0 172.16.3.0 172.16.4.0 172.16.3.255 (Directed broadcast) 255.255.255.255 (Local network broadcast) X

19. Connecting People To Information Written Exercise: Broadcast Addresses AddressClassSubnetBroadcast 201.222.10.60255.255.255.248 Subnet Mask 15.16.193.6255.255.248.0 128.16.32.13255.255.255.252 153.50.6.27255.255.255.128

20. Connecting People To Information Subnetting Example Cisco A Cisco B E0 S0 E0 S0 To0 Cisco A E0: 172.16.2.1 S0: 172.16.1.1 S0: 172.16.1.2 E0: 144.254.4.1 To0: 144.254.16.1 Cisco B Mask 255.255.255.0 Subnet 172.16.2.0 172.16.1.0 144.254.16.0 144.254.4.0 MaskSubnet 255.255.255.0 255.255.252.0

21. Connecting People To Information IP Address Configuration Router(config-if)# Assigns an address and subnet mask Starts IP processing on an interface ip address ip-address subnet-mask Router(config-if)# ip netmask-format { bitcount | decimal | hexadecimal } Sets format of network mask for a specific line Router# term ip netmask-format { bitcount | decimal | hexadecimal } Sets format of network mask for current session

22. Connecting People To Information Router(config)# Defines static host name to IP address mapping Hosts/interfaces selectable by name or IP address IP Host Names ip host name [ tcp-port-number ] address [ address ]… ip host P1R1 1.0.0.5 2.0.0.8 ip host P1R2 1.0.0.4 ip host P1R1 1.0.0.5 2.0.0.8 ip host P1R2 1.0.0.4

23. Connecting People To Information Specifies one or more hosts that supply host name to logical address resolution Router(config)# Name Server Configuration ip name-server server-address1 [[ server-address2 ]... server-address6 ]

24. Connecting People To Information Verifying Address Configuration Application Transport Internet Network Interface Hardware Telnet ICMPtrace ping Application Transport Internet Network Interface Hardware Telnet ICMPtrace telnet trace

25. Connecting People To Information Tests IP network connectivity Simple Ping Router> ping 172.16.101.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.101.1, timeout is 2 seconds:.!!!! Success rate is 80 percent, round-trip min/avg/max = 6/6/6 ms Router>

26. Connecting People To Information Ping supported for several protocols Extended Ping Router# ping Protocol [ip]: Target IP address: 192.168.101.162 Repeat count [5]: Datagram size [100]: Timeout in seconds [2]: Extended commands [n]: y Source address: Type of service [0]: Set DF bit in IP header? [no]: yes Data pattern [0xABCD]: Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]: Sweep range of sizes [n]: Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.101.162, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/26/28 ms Router#

27. Connecting People To Information Shows interface addresses used to reach the destination IP Trace Router# trace aba.nyc.mil Type escape sequence to abort. Tracing the route to aba.nyc.mil (26.0.0.73) 1debris.cisco.com (172.16.1.6) 1000 msec 8 msec 4 msec 2barrnet-gw.cisco.com (172.16.16.2) 8 msec 8 msec 8 msec 3external-a-gateway.stanford.edu (192.42.110.225) 8 msec 4 msec 4 msec 4bb2.su.barrnet.net (131.119.254.6) 8 msec 8 msec 8 msec 5su.arc.barrnet.net (131.119.3.8) 12 msec 12 msec 8 msec 6moffett-fld-mb.in.mil (192.52.195.1) 216 msec 120 msec 132 msec 7aba.nyc.mil (26.0.0.73) 412 msec * 664 msec