1. Beauty In the eye of the beholder

2. Body Image Body image is the mental picture and thoughts and feelings someone has about their body Body image is the mental picture and thoughts and feelings someone has about their body Self-concept is the way you feel about yourself Self-concept is the way you feel about yourself Self-esteem is how you judge yourself or how worthy you feel Self-esteem is how you judge yourself or how worthy you feel Self-concept is formed at an early age and changes throughout life-your body image does as well Self-concept is formed at an early age and changes throughout life-your body image does as well

3. Positive or Negative Body Image Positive body image is when you feel comfortable and satisfied with your body Positive body image is when you feel comfortable and satisfied with your body Negative body image means that you dislike your body, weight, hair, skin colour, or any particular part of your body Negative body image means that you dislike your body, weight, hair, skin colour, or any particular part of your body

4. Basic body types Ectomorph Ectomorph –Lean, usually thin, tall –Little muscle or fat –Long arms and legs, few curves –May be able to eat large amounts of food without gaining weight

5. Basic Body Types Endomorph Endomorph –Average to large frame –Usually wider at the hips –Higher percentage of body fat –May have trouble maintaining a healthy weight

6. Basic Body Types Mesomorph Mesomorph –Muscular body –Broad shoulders and narrow hips –Large bones and heavy muscles may lead to higher body weight

7. Factors that Shape Body Image Interactions with others Interactions with others Physical changes Physical changes –Adolescents –Puberty Mass media

8. What is Beautiful? Every person finds beauty in different things Every person finds beauty in different things Beauty is in the eye of the beholder Beauty is in the eye of the beholder People are attracted to faces that look like their own People are attracted to faces that look like their own Attracted to features associated with youth Attracted to features associated with youth In Western cultures, being physically attractive is valued In Western cultures, being physically attractive is valued Studies show what is desirable is close to the ideal image that the media portrays Studies show what is desirable is close to the ideal image that the media portrays Studies show attractive people get more attention and have more positive relationships, are more popular than unattractive people Studies show attractive people get more attention and have more positive relationships, are more popular than unattractive people People judge and treat others by their appearance People judge and treat others by their appearance Personality is another form of attractiveness Personality is another form of attractiveness

9. Interaction with others Reflected appraisal is when we see ourselves as others see us, or as we think they do Reflected appraisal is when we see ourselves as others see us, or as we think they do Social comparison is when people rate themselves by comparing themselves to others Social comparison is when people rate themselves by comparing themselves to others

10. Parents Direct comments may be made by parents, which may negatively influence their child’s thoughts about body image at an early age by making comments about his or her weight, eating, or appearance in general Direct comments may be made by parents, which may negatively influence their child’s thoughts about body image at an early age by making comments about his or her weight, eating, or appearance in general Indirect influence are behaviours and attitudes parents demonstrate or model for their children to imitate Indirect influence are behaviours and attitudes parents demonstrate or model for their children to imitate Parenting is teaching a child proper eating habits and how to maintain a healthy lifestyle Parenting is teaching a child proper eating habits and how to maintain a healthy lifestyle

11. Peers Peers influence one another in the same way parents do Peers influence one another in the same way parents do Fat talk is when adolescent girls talk about their weight and body shape Fat talk is when adolescent girls talk about their weight and body shape Peers influence body image as well Peers influence body image as well Girls are more influenced than boys Girls are more influenced than boys

12. Mass Media Pictures, flyers, posters, billboards, music videos, advertisements, internet used to send messages of what is attractive in today’s society Pictures, flyers, posters, billboards, music videos, advertisements, internet used to send messages of what is attractive in today’s society These messages influence body image because they present their audience with ideas of what is ideal These messages influence body image because they present their audience with ideas of what is ideal

13. Changing Images of Beauty Women Early 1800’s –Ideal body type for women was plump, fleshy and full figured 1920’s -“thin flappers”, bound chests to achieve flat profile Post WWII -body fat was regarded negatively, hour glass figure was ideal, girdles were used 1950’s -Thin with large bust (Marilyn Monroe set the standard, she wore size 16) 1960’s -Thin was in (Twiggy was popular, wore size 6 and looked like young boy) 1960-80’s -Slim was preferred body type, models became thinner and thinner, emphasis on being toned and fit became popular 1990’s -Large bust and narrow hips was ideal 2000’s - Thin is still considered ideal, plastic surgery, liposuction, breast implants became popular to create the ideal body type

14. Changing Images of Beauty Men Pre 1900 - Manly was ideal, not focused on looks 1920’s - Suits were popular, thin WWII - Appreance more important 1950’s - More elegance and charm 1980’s - Muscular and powerful became the ideal 2000’s - Various forms from being fit and athletic to very muscular and V- shaped

15. Body Image Ideals Today Centered around fitness Centered around fitness Enhancing in advertisements Enhancing in advertisements Violence to sell products- is violence now acceptable? Violence to sell products- is violence now acceptable? Exaggeration Exaggeration Ethnicity Ethnicity Youth Youth

16. Messages in the Media Using thin, good-looking models to sell products and play glamorous characters on TV encourages people to associate good looks with being successful, happy, and wealthy Using thin, good-looking models to sell products and play glamorous characters on TV encourages people to associate good looks with being successful, happy, and wealthy The images of overweight men and women shown in the media label them as lazy, unhappy, and unsuccessful. Thin people are shown as more competent and popular. This sends the message that being thin is better. The images of overweight men and women shown in the media label them as lazy, unhappy, and unsuccessful. Thin people are shown as more competent and popular. This sends the message that being thin is better. Using muscular young men and barely dressed women in music videos says that if you are young and show off your body this way, you are cool Using muscular young men and barely dressed women in music videos says that if you are young and show off your body this way, you are cool This is a mixed message in the media because it promotes thinness and being fit but also sponsors fast food, soft drinks and candy This is a mixed message in the media because it promotes thinness and being fit but also sponsors fast food, soft drinks and candy