1. Space Exploration

2. Space Travel
Write down as many things as you can think of that a space explorer would need to survive in space.

3. F F F True/False There is no gravity in space.
Mass and weight are the same.
Living in space has no effect on the human body. F

4. Types of Spacecraft
Using the cards on your desk, answer the following questions: Which type of spacecraft is best suited to human exploration? How are the needs of astronauts in space different from their needs on earth?

5. History of Space Travel
Sir Isaac Newton
contributed to space exploration by defining and describing gravity

6. History of Space Travel
Johannes Kepler
Developed the laws of planetary motion describing how planets move in space.

7. Solar System Models
To study and prepare for space, models are useful tools
However, many models have limitations

8. Find the limitations of these Models
Correct distances and sizes of the sun and planets

9. Find the limitations of these Models
True size of the sun and planets and distances

10. How can this model be used to help plan space trips?
To estimate distance, travel time and fuel costs

11. Why do scientists use full size models?
to practice in-flight procedures
to familiarize the crew with emergency
procedures
to maximize safety
save the expense of a real mission

12. Conditions in Space No oxygen Extreme temperatures Microgravity
Low pressure
Radiation
Large distances
Different atmospheres

13. No Oxygen Humans cannot breath in space
Oxygen does exist on other planets but not in concentrations we can breathe

14. Extreme temperatures Space is cold and dark
Planet surfaces can be extremely hot or extremely cold

15. microgravity
When orbiting around a planet, you are in a constant state of free fall
Creates a small amount of gravity
Microgravity around earth is 1x10-6 gravity
Microgravity causes muscle and bone loss
Also causes fluids to form balls
Can make drinking, showering and sweating difficult

16. microgravity Exercising on a treadmill to reduce bone and muscle loss.
Healthy bone
In Space
Exercising on a treadmill to reduce bone and muscle loss.

17. Low pressure
Low pressures in space make it harder for the heart to pump blood around the body

18. radiation The sun produces large amounts of solar radiation
The closer to the sun, the more radiation
Too much solar radiation can kill humans
Atmospheres help block solar radiation

19. Large distances Distances between planets and moon can be huge
Can take years/decades to get to some places
Depression can set in

20. One way to overcome large distances:
The slingshot theory
Going around another planet and using it’s gravity to gain speed
Longer trip but takes less time

21. Slingshot Effect

22. Different Atmospheres
Earth’s atmosphere shields us from:
Radiation
Collisions with meteoroids and asteroids
It also allows for gas exchange between plants and animals

23. What technology has been developed to help a human survive and move in space?

25. What does a Spacesuit do?
Creates pressure to force blood around the body
Provides oxygen and collects carbon dioxide
Helps regulate temperature

26. The Spacesuit Layers
Multiple layers helps to maintain temperature

27. The Spacesuit Backpack
Provide pure O2 for inhaling and canisters to collect CO2

28. Spacesuit Training
Astronauts train in a pool to lighten the weight of the suit
This helps them to move more easily and practice tasks

29. Future of Space Travel Manned trip to the moon Manned trip to Mars
Manned colonies on Mars
Exploration

30. Research topics leaving earth effects of microgravity on the body
space suits
space food
waste management
living and working in space
spacecraft