1. Tornadoes (Twisters, Funnel Clouds, Cyclones) in the United States
4/20/2017 2:23 PM
Tornadoes (Twisters, Funnel Clouds, Cyclones) in the United States
Teachers
Students
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2. Instructors' Index Projected Audience Learning Environment Objectives
State Standards
Index
Information
History of Tornadoes
Interesting Facts
Application
Magnetic Simulator Video
Making a Tornado Tube
Evaluation
Quiz

3. Audience The targeted audience for this slide show is Grade 5.
These students will have:
Knowledge of tornadoes
What they are capable of
Heard of Fujita scale but does not know the details
May have experienced a tornado first hand
Have seen tornadoes in the media (news, movies, television, or pictures)

4. Learning Environment Class Room Setting Computer Lab
Internet Ready
Stable Environment
Quiet
Hands-on Experience Area
For tornado tube

5. Objectives
By the end of this slide show the student should be able to:
Tell about the history and the making of the Fujita and Enhanced Fujita Scale
Tell about the different categories of a tornado and what that means
Know some interesting facts about tornadoes
Make a tornado tube
Complete the evaluation quiz without difficulty

6. State Standards
One of the grand success stories of science is the unification of the physical universe. It turns out that all natural objects, events, and processes are connected to each other. This standard contains recommendations for basic knowledge about the overall structure of the universe and the physical principles on which it seems to run, with emphasis on Earth and the solar system. This standard focuses on two principle subjects: the structure of the universe and the major processes that have shaped the planet Earth, and the concepts with which science describes the physical world in general - organized under the headings of Matter and Energy and Forces of Nature.
To Resources

7. Index What is a Tornado A tornado is… How does a tornado form
Where do tornadoes occur
Where is Tornado Alley
Tornado Track Map for 2008
Number of tornadoes 2001-Present
Percentages of tornadoes by Fujita Ranking
History of Tornadoes
Oldest known Photograph
Creation of Fujita Scale
Inside the Fujita Scale
Creation of Enhanced Fujita Scale
Inside the Enhanced Fujita
What is a Tornado
Facts About Tornadoes
Interesting facts in 2009
Various Photographs
Ten Deadliest Tornadoes in U.S. History
Tornadoes in the Media
Tornado Video Clips
Tornado Tube Activity
Application
Evaluation
Facts about Tornadoes
Application
Evaluation
History of Tornadoes

8. Exploring how, when, where a tornado forms
What is a Tornado?
Exploring how, when, where a tornado forms
To Index

9. Tornado Destruction by National Geographic:
A Tornado is…
Violently rotating funnel of air
Natures’ most violent natural disaster
Wide range of destruction
Least understood natural disaster
Can be any size or shape
Can happen at any time of the year
Can happen anywhere
Tornado Destruction by National Geographic:

10. How do Tornadoes Form? Rotating funnel of air
Natures’ most violent natural disaster
Very Destructive
Least understood natural phenomena (impressive event)
Can be any size or shape
Can happen at any time of the year
Can happen anywhere

11. Where do the Majority of Tornadoes Occur?
Majority of touch downs in agricultural areas.
Tornadoes need moisture
Moisture feeds parent thunderstorm
instability from spring and summer warming
Crops need same moisture and temperature variation to grow
Both conditions are found in the same areas
Majority occur in the U.S.
shown on this map. (Courtesy of Dr. T. T. Fujita, University of Chicago)

12. Where is Tornado Alley? Indiana Missouri Oklahoma Texas Iowa Arkansas
North Dakota
Colorado
Louisiana
South Dakota
Nebraska
Kansas
Illinois

13. Tornado Track Map for 2008

14. Number of Tornadoes each Year
There was a total of 8836 tornadoes in the United States from
168 of those were in Indiana.
That is only 2% of the countries tornadoes
As of February 19th 2009 there had been a total of 21 tornadoes recorded for the year.

15. Percentage of Tornadoes by Scale
This Chart shows the percentage of tornadoes for each Fujita category.
The percentages have been figured from the total number of tornadoes that took place from
As you may see there are rarely any F4 or F5 Tornadoes.
To Index

16. Charts, Graphs, and Facts about the history of tornadoes
To Index

17. Oldest Known Photograph
of a Tornado
An unknown photographer inspired legions of tornado-chasers when he captured the earliest known photograph of a tornado. The black-and-white image was taken on August 28, 1884, about 22 miles southwest of Howard, South Dakota.

18. Creation of the Fujita Scale
Created by Dr. T. Theodore Fujita
First introduced in the SMRP Research Paper, "Proposed Characterization of Tornadoes and Hurricanes by Area and Intensity".
Dr. Fujita wanted to categorize each tornado by intensity and area.
System made to define every tornado that occurs in the United States.
The scale was divided into six categories:
F0 (Gale)
F1 (Weak)
F2 (Strong)
F3 (Severe)
F4 (Devastating)
F5 (Incredible)

19. WIND ESTIMATE *** (MPH)
Fujita Tornado Damage Scale Developed in 1971 by T. Theodore Fujita of the University of Chicago
SCALE
WIND ESTIMATE *** (MPH)
TYPICAL DAMAGE F0
< 73
Light damage. Some damage to chimneys; branches broken off trees; shallow-rooted trees pushed over; sign boards damaged. F1
73-112
Moderate damage. Peels surface off roofs; mobile homes pushed off foundations or overturned; moving autos blown off roads. F2
Considerable damage. Roofs torn off frame houses; mobile homes demolished; boxcars overturned; large trees snapped or uprooted; light-object missiles generated; cars lifted off ground. F3
Severe damage. Roofs and some walls torn off well-constructed houses; trains overturned; most trees in forest uprooted; heavy cars lifted off the ground and thrown. F4
Devastating damage. Well-constructed houses leveled; structures with weak foundations blown away some distance; cars thrown and large missiles generated. F5
Incredible damage. Strong frame houses leveled off foundations and swept away; automobile-sized missiles fly through the air in excess of 100 meters (109 yards); trees debarked; incredible phenomena will occur.

20. Creation of the New Enhanced Fujita Scale
Scientists including Dr. Fujita knew the scale needed to be updated
Started working on the updates in the Early 90’s
New scale categorizes more by wind speed less by damage
Allows those tornadoes with no damage to be categorized higher than an F0.

21. Breakdown of New Enahanced Fujita Scale
EF Number
3 Second Gust (mph)
65-85 1
86-110 2 3 4 5
Over 200
To Index

22. Facts, videos, photos of past tornadoes
Facts About Tornadoes
Facts, videos, photos of past tornadoes
To Index

23. Interesting Facts in U.S.- 2009
As of March 9, 2009:
83 reported tornadoes
42 confirmed tornadoes
9 deaths
The worst tornado of the year took place February 10th
F4 in Lone Grove, Oklahoma
Killed 8 people
Injured 46 more
Destroyed 114 homes
Deadliest tornado since may 3, 1999
Strongest during February since 1950 in Oklahoma

24. Various Tornadoes around the U.S.

25. Ten Deadliest Tornadoes in US History
March 18, 1925 F5
Hit Missouri, Illinois, Indiana
Nicknamed the Tristate Tornado
695 dead
3.5 hours on the ground
1.4 billion in damage
Single deadliest in US History
9 tornadoes total in outbreak that caused 747 deaths

26. Ten Deadliest Tornadoes in US History
2. May 7, 1840
Most likely F5
No Fujita scale so uncategorized
Natchez, Mississippi
Nicknamed “The great Natchez tornado”
317 dead
1 mile wide
Actual death toll listed at 48 land 269 in river
Number disputed due to pre civil war- slave deaths not counted in death toll
Damages unknown

27. Ten Deadliest Tornadoes in US History
3. May 27, 1896 F4
Rated later after Fujita Scale had been created
St. Louis, Missouri
Nicknamed “The Great Cyclone of St. Louis”
284+ dead (43 on record due to pre-civil war era)
3.4 billion in damages

28. Ten Deadliest Tornadoes in US History
4/5. April 5-6, 1936
Two tornadoes part of the same outbreak
Tupelo/Gainesville Tornado Outbreak
Tupelo, Mississippi-F5
Gainesville, Georgia-F4
436 dead
17 total tornadoes in outbreak
13 billion in damages in Gainesville alone
Damage unknown in Tupelo

29. Ten Deadliest Tornadoes in US History
6. April 9, 1947
Woodward, Oklahoma
Unrated
Damage track over 2 miles wide
Destroyed 100 city blocks
9.7 billion in damages
181 dead

30. Ten Deadliest Tornadoes in US History
7. April 24, 1908
Amite, Louisiana and Purvis, Mississippi
143 dead from single tornado
150 mile track
Later ranked an F4
Part of an outbreak that had 16 total tornadoes
Total of 324 lives lost

31. Ten Deadliest Tornadoes in US History
8. June 12, 1899
New Richmond, Wisconsin F5
117 Dead
$14 Million in Damages
Originated as a waterspout on Lake St. Croix
More people than usual in area due to Gollmar Brothers Circus in town

32. Ten Deadliest Tornadoes in US History
9. June 8, 1953
Flint, Michigan
116 dead F5
Named the Beecher Tornado
27 mile Track

33. Ten Deadliest Tornadoes in US History
10. May 11, 1953
114 dead
Waco, Texas F5
Named the Lubbock Tornado
$41 Million in Damages

34. Tornadoes in Media Positive Media News
Warnings to allow us time to get to safety
Awareness of possible dangers
National Geographic
Gives us knowledge of how tornadoes work
Helps us prepare better for future tornadoes
Storm Chasers
Helps us learn more about tornadoes
Negative Media
Movies
Twister
Portrays the worst possibilities for the outcome of tornadoes
News
Makes some people live in fear of the possible dangers
Storm Chasers
Dangerous for those out there studying the tornadoes

35. Video Clips F5 Tornado-In Oklahoma tornado May 3rd, 1999
Unedited tornado footage from weather photographer Jim Reed.
May 8, 2008 in Kansas

36. Tornado Safety Myths
# Highway overpasses do not protect you during a tornado.
# Opening windows will not reduce air pressure to save a roof, or even a home, from destruction by a tornado.
# Large cities cannot be struck by a tornado.
# Some towns are "protected!“
# During a tornado the safest place in a home is in the southwest corner of the basement.
To Index

37. Tornado Creation Demonstration
Application
Tornado Creation Demonstration
Tornado Tube
Two ways
Use a tornado tube bottle connector
Place a washer between two (2) empty 2 Litter bottles tape well as to prevent leaking
Shake bottle as indicated in picture below
To Index

38. Time for a Quiz!!
Click here to begin
Back to Index

39. Evaluation Question #1
What is the range of the Fujita and Enhanced Fujita Scale? A.
F0-F4 B.
F1-F5 C.
F1-F4 D.
F0-F5

40. Let’s Review and then try again!
Evaluation
That is incorrect.
Let’s Review and then try again!

41. Review Fujita Scale The scale was divided into six categories:
F0 (Gale)
F1 (Weak)
F2 (Strong)
F3 (Severe)
F4 (Devastating)
F5 (Incredible)

42. That is correct!
Way to go!
Great Job!
You did it!
Let’s Move On!

43. Evaluation Question #2
Where did the worst tornado in U.S. History occur? A.
Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama B.
Missouri, Illinois, Indiana C.
Wisconsin D.
Oklahoma

44. Let’s Review and then try again!
Evaluation
That is incorrect.
Let’s Review and then try again!

45. Evaluation Review Question #2
TEN WORST U.S. TORNADOES
1. March 18, 1925: 695 dead in Missouri, Illinois and Indiana
2. May 6, 1840: 317 dead in Natchez, Mississippi
3. May 27, 1896: 225 dead in St. Louis, Missouri
4. April 5, 1936: 216 dead in Tupelo, Mississippi
5. April 6, 1936: 203 dead in Gainesville, Georgia
6. April 9, 1947: 181 dead in Woodward, Oklahoma
7. April 24, 1908: 143 dead in Amite, Louisiana and Purvis, Mississippi
8. June 12, 1899: 117 dead in New Richmond, Wisconsin
9. June 8, 1953: 115 dead in Flint, Michigan
10. May 11, 1953: 114 dead in Waco, Texas

46. That is correct!
Way to go!
Great Job!
You did it!
Let’s Move On!

47. Evaluation Question #3 How many Tornadoes occurred in the U.S. 2008?
1,817 B.
1,092 C.
1,636 D.
1,376

48. Let’s Review and then try again!
Evaluation
That is incorrect.
Let’s Review and then try again!

49. Review Number of Tornadoes each Year

50. That is correct!
Way to go!
Great Job!
You did it!
Let’s Move On!

51. Evaluation Question #4
What was the percentage of F5 tornadoes for ? A. 2% B. 1% C.
10% D. 0%

52. Let’s Review and then try again!
Evaluation
That is incorrect.
Let’s Review and then try again!

53. Review Percentages of Tornadoes by Category
Let’s Try Question 4 Again!

54. That is correct!
Way to go!
Great Job!
You did it!
Let’s Move On!

55. Evaluation Question #5
How many tornadoes touched down in Indiana from 2001 to 2007? A.
350 B.
168 C. 57 D.
135

56. Let’s Review and then try again!
Evaluation
That is incorrect.
Let’s Review and then try again!

57. Review Number of Tornadoes Number of Tornadoes in Indiana from 2001-2007
There was a total of 8836 tornadoes in the United States from
168 of those were in Indiana.
That is only 2% of the countries tornadoes
As of February 19th 2009 there had been a total of 21 tornadoes recorded for the year.

58. That is correct! That’s it your done! Way to go! You did it!
Great Job!
You did it!
That’s it your done!

59. Resources

60. Resources To Slide Show
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