1. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Unit 6 Latin America Today Latin America Today What causes a society to grow? ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons

2. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Lesson 5 Argentina Lesson 1 Mexico Lesson 2 Central America Lesson 3 The Caribbean Lesson 4 Brazil Lesson 6 Other Countries of South America ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons

3. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Mexico Lesson 1 Vocabulary plaza vaquero maquiladora subsistence farm smog migrant worker How has Mexico grown? Reading Skill Fact and Opinion

4. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons The People Mexico Mexico is the world’s largest Spanish-speaking country. The people of Mexico trace their roots to three cultures-Spanish, Native American, and mestizo. Spanish is the official language, but many people speak different Native American languages as well. City plazas serve as centers of public life.

5. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Government and Culture Mexico Mexico is a representative democracy with a constitution that guarantees basic human rights. Mexico is a federal republic with 31 states and one federal district, the capital of Mexico City. Mexico’s president shares power with the legislative and judicial branches of government. Folk art, sports, music, food, and dance are important parts of Mexican culture. Mexican artists, such as Diego Rivera, have created many national treasures.

6. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Mexico’s Economic Regions Mexico The North has dry land that is irrigated for farming and raising cattle. It also has mineral mines and manufacturing centers. Thank you Brianna! At least I got one of 3 text details for my summary paragraph.

7. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Growth and Challenges Mexico Manufacturing is more important to Mexico’s economy since the signing of the NAFTA trade agreement between Mexico, Canada, and the United States. Thank you Brianna! At least I got one of the four text details for this summary paragraph.

8. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Central America Lesson 2 Vocabulary campesino literacy rate junta How has change helped Central America grow? Reading Skill Fact and Opinion

9. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Economy Central America Many people in Central America depend on farming to make a living. Some are campesinos, or poor farmers. Most work on large plantations that grow bananas, sugarcane, and coffee. In recent years, industries such as manufacturing and food processing have become more important in Central America.

10. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Belize and Guatemala Central America Once a British colony called British Honduras, Belize is the only English-speaking country in Central America. Forestry, fishing, and tourism are Belize’s main industries. Guatemala has many forests, mountains, and good soil for farming; but a small group of people own most of the land. Guatemala suffered a bloody civil war in the 1970s and 1980s.

11. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Costa Rica and Panama Central America Both Costa Rica and Panama have strong economies and high literacy rates. Costa Ricans overthrew the military government in the 1940s, and Costa Rica now has a stable democratic government. United States troops invaded Panama in 1989 and removed the corrupt leader Manuel Noriega from power. In 1999 the United States gave full control of the Panama Canal to Panama.

12. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Three Troubled Countries Central America ReviewLessonsMapsGraphic Organizer In Nicaragua, years of civil war between contras and Sandinistas cost many lives. In 1990, free elections ended the civil war. In 1980, civil war broke out in El Salvador. A peace agreement ended the war in 1992. El Salvador is now a democracy. Government brutality and gang violence in Honduras have killed many people. In 2006, a new president promised to fight corruption. Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Honduras have suffered natural disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes, and drought.

13. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons The Caribbean Lesson 3 Vocabulary command economy commonwealth What has helped the Caribbean grow? Reading Skill Fact and Opinion

14. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons The Economy, Cuba and Puerto Rico The Caribbean Tourism and agriculture are the main industries in the Caribbean. Fidel Castro won control of Cuba in 1959 and set up a Communist government. Cuba has a command economy, where the government sets most prices for goods and employs most workers. Since 1952, Puerto Rico has been a commonwealth of the United States. Puerto Rico has many factories that produce machinery, medicines, and clothing.

15. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Haiti and the Dominican Republic The Caribbean The two countries of Haiti and the Dominican Republic share the island of Hispaniola. Haiti has long had an unstable government; Haiti relies on foreign aid and nearly 80 percent of Haiti’s people live in poverty. The Dominican Republic is also a very poor country; agriculture and the service industry provide the most jobs. Many Caribbean countries celebrate carnival, a festival with music, dancing, and parades.

16. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Brazil Lesson 4 Vocabulary favela selva ecosystem What changes brought growth to Brazil? Reading Skill Fact and Opinion

17. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Brazil’s People and Government Brazil Once a Portuguese colony, Brazil is the only Portuguese-speaking country in Latin America. Today, Brazilians are of European, African, Native American, Asian, or mixed ancestry. In the past, Brazil was ruled by military dictators; today, Brazil is a democratic federal republic. Brazilians who can read and are between the ages of 18 and 70 are required by law to vote in elections.

18. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Economy Brazil Brazil has the tenth-largest economy in the world. Brazil’s diverse economy includes agriculture, mining, manufacturing, and service industries. Brazil has many valuable natural resources such as minerals, oil, forest products, grasslands, and farmlands.

19. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons The Amazon Rain Forest Brazil In the 1980s, Brazil’s government encouraged mining, logging, farming, and cattle ranching in the rain forest. Deforestation is a major problem in Brazil, leading to soil erosion, landslides, and extinction of plant and animal species. Destroying rain forests harms the ecosystem, all the living and nonliving things in a certain area, including plants, animals, soil, and water.

20. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Argentina Vocabulary gaucho national debt default How has diversity helped Argentina grow? Lesson 5 Reading Skill Fact and Opinion

21. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Argentina’s People and Economy Argentina Most Argentines live in large cities such as the capital, Buenos Aires. Argentina’s culture has been shaped by its European heritage. Argentina has some of the world’s best farmland and grasslands for grazing cattle, as well as other valuable resources such as oil and minerals. Argentina’s economy depends mainly on farming, ranching, and manufacturing industries.

22. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Argentina’s Government Argentina Argentina is a democratic federal republic made up of a national government and 23 provincial governments. A powerful elected president leads the nation for a four-year term. A legislature with two houses makes the laws. A Supreme Court heads the judicial system.

23. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Other Countries of South America Vocabulary gross domestic product barrio What products help other South American countries grow? Lesson 6 Reading Skill Fact and Opinion

24. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons The Three Guianas and Venezuela Other Countries of South America Guyana was once a colony of Great Britain called British Guiana. Suriname was once a colony of the Netherlands called Dutch Guiana. French Guiana still is a colony of France today. Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana have similar cultures, and most of their people are of African and southern Asian descent. Since the 1920s, Venezuela has become one of the world’s leading producers of oil and natural gas. Despite the country’s wealth of natural resources, many Venezuelans are poor and live in barrios, slums built at the edge of cities.

25. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Colombia and Andean Countries Other Countries of South America Colombia has struggled with political unrest and violence for many years. Wealth is in the hands of a powerful few, and many people live in poverty. Many people in the Andean countries of Bolivia, Peru, and Ecuador are of Native American descent and farm the land using traditional methods. Chile has a growing economy and exports many resources, such as copper, fruit, fish, and wine. Colombia exports many of its resources, such as minerals, coffee, sugarcane, rice, and cotton.

26. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons 1.Thousands of Mexicans now work in ______________, factories where workers assemble goods using parts made in other countries. 2.Many people in Central America depend on farming to make a living; some are poor farmers called ____________. 3.Cuba has a ___________________, where the government sets most prices for goods and employs most workers. 4._____________ is money owed by the government. 5.________ are slums built at the edge of cities. maquiladorasbarrios command economy maquiladoras campesinos Review Vocabulary command economy national debt National debt campesinos Barrios

27. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons 6.What is one of the biggest problems Mexico now faces as a result of its economic growth? 7.What is the name of the only English-speaking country in Central America? 8.What are the two most important industries in the Caribbean? 9.In what ways is Brazil’s government similar to the government of the United States? 10.Which South American nation is one of the world’s leading producers of oil and natural gas? Review Comprehension and Critical Thinking

28. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Maps Click on a map to enlarge the view.

29. ReviewMapsGraphic OrganizerLessons Graphic Organizer Fact and Opinion Click on the graphic organizer to enlarge the view and enter content.