1. Course of MT- 362
Material Handling
Lecture # 7

2. Package and unit conveyor systems
Packaging of materials
The technology of enclosing or protecting products for
distribution,
storage,
sale, and
use
Packaging also refers to the process of design, evaluation, and production of packages.

3. Package and unit conveyor systems
Packaging can also be described as a coordinated system of preparing goods for
transport,
warehousing,
logistics,
sale, and end use

4. Package and unit conveyor systems
Packaging system
A package system is a collection of activities for the production, sorting, combining and collecting products for the transportation to the end users
Package systems use
Humans
Mechanical machines
Programs/ plans
Software
Computers

5. Package and unit conveyor systems
Types of packaging
Primary packaging is the material that first envelops the product and holds it. This usually is the smallest unit of distribution or use and is the package which is in direct contact with the contents.
Secondary packaging is outside the primary packaging, used to group primary packages together.
Tertiary packaging is used for bulk handling, warehouse storage and transport shipping. The most common form is a palletized unit load that packs tightly into containers.

6. Package and unit conveyor systems
Two paths
Packing

7. Package and unit conveyor systems
Packages and unit loads are handled through conveyer systems
Different types of conveying are implied such as
Chute conveyer (like a slide)
Wheel conveyer
Roller conveyer (not powered)
Chain conveyer
Flat belt conveyer
Tow conveyer
Trolley Conveyor

8. Package and unit conveyor systems
Chute conveyer
The chute conveyor is the simplest example of gravity operated conveyer
Just like a child's sliding board, a unit simply slides down a straight or a curved path
It is also used to link two types of handling devices (or to link handling between two height levels)
It is an inexpensive method
Note: It can also be used for bulk material handling (imagine a cylindrical chute)

9. Package and unit conveyor systems
Wheel conveyor
Uses a series of skate-wheels mounted on a shaft
The spacing of the wheels is dependent on the load being transported
Gravity is used for the transfer of packages
More economical than roller conveyers (due to less material of wheels)
Use: light duty applications

10. Package and unit conveyor systems
Skate wheels conveyer

11. Package and unit conveyor systems
Roller Conveyor
It is available in powered (or live) type or non-powered
The non-powered type uses gravity
This type of conveyor is used for packages and unit loads having a rigid riding surface
A minimum of three rollers are required to support smallest loads at all times
Tapered rollers are used on curves to maintain load orientation

12. Package and unit conveyor systems
If level is not properly considered, this may happen!

13. Package and unit conveyor systems
Live (Powered) Roller Conveyor
It uses a belt or chain driven mechanism
Used for heavy-duty applications

14. Package and unit conveyor systems
Live (Powered) Roller Conveyor
Use of O-rings for power transmission
Use of chains for power transmission (heavy duty)

15. Package and unit conveyor systems
Gravity rollers
Powered rollers
This situation can be avoided!

16. Package and unit conveyor systems
Chain Conveyor
Typically used for pallet transfer
A pallet is carried directly on the chain
Low material cost
Easy maintenance
Used when limited transportation is required

18. Package and unit conveyor systems
Flat belt conveyer
For transporting light- and medium-weight loads between operations, departments, levels, and buildings
When an incline or decline is required
Provides considerable control over the orientation and placement of the load
The belt is roller or slider bed supported; the slider bed is used for small and irregularly shaped items

19. Package and unit conveyor systems
Tow Conveyor
Uses towline to provide power to wheeled carriers such as trucks, dollies, or carts that move along the floor
Used for fixed-path travel of carriers (each of which has variable path capabilities when disengaged from the towline)
Towline can be located either overhead, flush with the floor, or in the floor
Selector-pin arrangements can be used to allow automatic switching (power)
Generally used when long distance and high frequency moves are required

20. Package and unit conveyor systems

21. Package and unit conveyor systems
Tow conveyor

22. Package and unit conveyor systems
Trolley Conveyor
Uses a series of trolleys supported from or within an overhead track
Trolleys are equally spaced in a closed loop path and are suspended from a chain
Carriers are used to carry multiple units of product
Commonly used in processing, assembly, packaging, and storage operations

23. Package and unit conveyor systems
Trolley Conveyor