1. Africa & the Age of the Atlantic Slave Trade Chapter 20 pg. 432-454

2. the Sudan (savannas of W. Af) Swahili Coast (E. Africa) Asante Dahomey Kongo Hausa & Yoruba

3. The Atlantic Slave Trade Portugal established pattern mirrored by other Europeans –Factories First contact based on mutually beneficial trade of goods Atlantic slave trade result of historical progression

4. Trend Toward Expansion 12 million Africans shipped on Middle Passage b/t 1450-1850 –1700s great age of Atlantic slavery Sugar = impetus for expansion –Brazil, Caribbean –Demographics perpetuates trade

5. Demographic Patterns Male slaves preferred in Atlantic Female slaves preferred in Africa & Middle East Trade’s impact on population hotly debated

6. Organization of the Trade Control reflected situation in Europe European mortality & complex routes of trade prevented domination by either side Triangle Trade

7. African Societies How did the Atlantic slave trade change earlier slave patterns already inherent in African society?

8. Slaving & African Politics Expansion of states & slaving wars both a cause & result of Atlantic trade –Slaving societies vs. Slaved societies Role of the gun ↔ slave cycle

9. Asante & Dahomey Political & cultural development parallel Europe’s in many ways Yet economies became increasingly dominated by slave trade ex: ↳Asante ↳Dahomey

10. East Africa & the Sudan E. Af Area of competing interests: African, Middle Eastern, European –luxury items & slaves still largely for Middle Eastern markets Sudan Renewed Islamization further changed culture & intensified slavery

11. South Africa Little affected by slave trade Whites Competitive climate for land –Bantu farmers in interior, Dutch Boers/Afrikaners create coastal outpost but pushed to interior by British colonists Africans (Mfecane & Zulu) Shaka Zulu organized militarized tribal expansion that either unified or destroyed rivals –Clashed w/ Portuguese to East & Boers/British to South –Established patterns b/t Af & Europeans

12. The African Diaspora Diaspora = Slavery became vehicle for globalized Africa Slave Lives destruction of village → march to coast → loaded on ships → Middle Passage

13. Africans in the Americas African slaves performed all jobs, but agriculture dominated In places, slaves outnumbered whites creating fear & tighter controls

14. American Slave Societies Slaveholders racially organized society –Whites –American-born & Mulatto slaves –African-born slaves slaves organized society by ethnicity African-born slaves were larger part of population in Latin America, thus had greater influence

15. People & Gods in Exile African culture remained important although fused with other beliefs –Religion Resistance more common in Latin America than N. America

16. End of Slave Trade & Abolition Abolition movements come from outside forces (Enlightenment) Economic self-interest was not major force ending slave trade –1807: slave trade abolished –1888: world slavery abolished

17. Global Connections Africa enters the world economy, for better or worse Africa forced to adapt in ways that weakened it & aided colonization Legacy of the slave trade lingers long after slavery was abolished