1. Creating Transit Route Maps with ArcGIS
Will Chesser
ESRI-Professional Services
Redlands, CA

2. Topics Transit route map overview Relevant ArcGIS Tools and Concepts
Linear Referencing and Dynamic Segmentation
ArcGIS Schematics
Cartographic Representations
Network Analyst
Demos
Working with Linear Referencing in ArcGIS Schematics
Integrating ArcGIS Schematics and Cartographic Representations
Network Analyst routes ArcGIS Schematics

3. Transit Route Maps Connectivity focused Route details less important
Geoschematic
Stop’s geographic location is important
Path to stops of lesser importance
Schematic
Station-to-station
‘What is next?’
‘How many stops until I get off?’
Simplified geography
Stops
Connections
Landmarks
Main streets
Path still critical for route generation
Route may be multimodal
‘Walk to bus stop, take bus to train terminal….’

4. The Classic Transit Route Map
London Underground – The Tube
Early versions (c. 1906)-Geographically correct
1931 – Harry Beck-> Only topology (plus river!) matters

5. Further Examples
Bus Routes
Airline Routes

6. Route Map Variations More ‘industrial’ versions
Not for public audience
Single line diagrams
Rail switching diagrams

7. ArcGIS for Transit Routes
Transportation data
Geometric networks
Network datasets
Linear referenced data (events and routes)
Key toolsets
ArcGIS Schematics Extension
Linear referencing and dynamic segmentation
Cartographic representations
Network Analyst Extension

8. What is ArcGIS Schematics?
ArcGIS Desktop extension

9. What is ArcGIS Schematics?
ArcGIS Desktop extension
For applications concerned with:
Connectivity
Relationships
Interdependency

10. What is ArcGIS Schematics?
ArcGIS Desktop extension
For applications concerned with:
Connectivity
Relationships
Interdependency
Utilizes
Geometric Networks (e.g., utility)
Network datasets (e.g., transportation)
Data with explicit connectivity (i.e. From/To node fields)
(e.g., social network, time diagrams)
3rd party APIs

11. Advantages of ArcGIS Schematics for Transit
Integrate maps and schematics
Depict and analyze relationships of spatial and aspatial features
Visualize complex relationships
Simplify
Organize and share information
Analyze the relationships of elements in a spatial context

12. Transportation Applications
Create straight-line diagrams
Generate subway, train, and bus routes
Rail Branch Geography
Rail Branch Straight Line Diagram

13. Transportation Applications
Create straight-line diagrams
Generate subway, train, and bus routes
Update and create switching plans
Generate rail yard diagrams
Rail Yard Geography
Rail Yard Diagram

14. Transportation Applications
Geo-Schematic
Service Area Diagram
Create straight-line diagrams
Generate subway, train, and bus routes
Update and create switching plans
Generate rail yard diagrams
Consume network dataset analysis
Hierarchical Service Area Diagram
Road Service
Area

15. Transportation Applications
Create straight-line diagrams
Generate subway, train, and bus routes
Update and create switching plans
Generate rail yard diagrams
Consume network dataset analysis
Metro maps

16. Other Applications Many applications beyond physical connectivity
Depict flow through a non-physical network

17. Flights, planes, cabin and cockpit crews scheduling
Other Applications
Many applications beyond physical connectivity
Depict flow through a non-physical network
Illustrate Interdependencies
Flights, planes, cabin and
cockpit crews scheduling
Evaluate the impact
of a late flight
through flight
interdependencies

18. Linear Referencing Spatial data storage method
Store positions (distance) along a measured linear feature
Associate multiple attributes about a line without splitting line

19. Dynamic Segmentation Definition
‘Dynamic segmentation is the process of computing the map locations of events stored … in an event table using a linear referencing measurement system and displaying them on a map. The term "dynamic segmentation" is derived from the concept that line features need not be … segmented each time an attribute value changes -- you can "dynamically" locate the segment.’
Edit, analyze, query attributes without affecting geometry

20. Linear Referencing vs. ArcGIS Schematics
ArcGIS Schematics Paradigm:
Elements represent real-world objects
Links based on to/from node topological relationships
Relative position of and distance between features is meaningless
Coordinate space fluctuates
Linear Referencing Paradigm:
Events represent measurements or qualities, not physical things
Events are route-based
Events have no direct relationship to underlying features of the route
Distance is critical for placement of measures
Coordinate space is fixed

21. Linear Referencing vs. ArcGIS Schematics
Core elements in a linear referencing system are:
Route
Event measures
Core elements in ArcGIS Schematics are:
Nodes
Links
Schematics knows nothing about routes
No direct relationship between events, lines, and routes in the data
Must establish this relationship
Events
Lines
Comprise
Fall Along
Routes

22. DEMO-Using Linear Referencing Data in Schematics
Geoprocessing tool to relate events to links/edges
XML Builder diagram generation

23. XML Builder Builders determine contents and connectivity New at 9.3
Selection starts with map feature
Custom trace functions and criteria definition for some diagrams
New at 9.3
Supported at 9.2 SP4
Facilitates schematic integration with 3rd party tools (Maximo, Rail(x)ML, etc.)
Custom XML External Components
Define additional criteria
Contain customization to derive connectivity and content from 3rd party API
Generate
Update
Usually one per diagram type

24. Cartographic Representations
Introduced at 9.2
Apply rules for cartographic symbology
Richer symbols and edit functions
Edit map placement without changing geography

25. The traditional ArcGIS symbology model
Create symbology
Symbol Property Editor
Assign symbology
Symbol Selector
Symbology tab functions
Store symbology
Style files
Layer files and map documents
Bike Shop
BikeShops.lyr

26. Limitations of the traditional model
Constraints on symbol drawing
Lack of tools for symbol creation and editing
Lack of tools to customize or vary patterns
Imperfect solutions to symbol conflict
Edit or geoprocess spatial data OR
Convert features to graphics (break the data link)
Few cartographic automation or quality control tools
Symbology stored separately from geospatial data

27. Representations: a new symbology model
Different architecture
Symbology stored in the geodatabase
As feature class attributes
Different software components
New interface and drawing tools for symbol creation
New toolbar for interactive symbol placement and editing
Geoprocessing tools for managing symbology
A different symbology rendering option
Not a new data object or file type!

28. Benefits of cartographic representations
Better symbology
Symbol creation and editing, micro control of patterns, geometric effects
Create symbols more efficiently
Do cartography and keep geometry
Move and reshape features without changing geometry
Preserve topologies and networks
Efficient information management
Symbology stored in the geodatabase
Better map production process
Everything happens in ArcGIS

29. Multiple representations
Feature classes can store more than one representation
Symbolize city differently for city employees and tourists
Give different users different views
The same data represented two ways—both versions are stored in the data, not in map documents or layers.

30. DEMO-Cartographic Representations and ArcGIS Schematics
Paris Metro

31. What is Network Analyst?
Extension for analyzing transportation networks
Uses Network Datasets
Five types of network analysis
Route
Closest Facility
Vehicle Routing Problem
Network Analyst extension
Origin-Destination (OD) Cost Matrix
Service Area

32. Network designed for ArcGIS Network Analyst Built from simple features
Network datasets
Network designed for ArcGIS Network Analyst
Built from simple features
Supports transportation modeling
Source data
Geodatabase feature classes
Shapefiles
StreetMap data
Pre-built network dataset

33. Multimodal example rail line local street exit points ramp
Yellow bus station
rail station
highway
Yellow bus line
ramp
Blue bus station
walking path
Blue bus line

34. DEMO-Network Analyst and ArcGIS Schematics Integration
Paris route schematic

35. Questions and Answers