2. On Dec. 7, 1941, the Japanese attacked the U.S. naval base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii causing the U.S. to declare war on Japan.

3. After Pearl Harbor, the U.S. became suspicious of Japanese-Americans and forcibly relocated over 110,000 Japanese- Americans into internment camps.

4. Of 127,000 Japanese Americans living in the continental United States at the time of the Pearl Harbor attack, 112,000 resided on the West Coast. About 80,000 were nisei (literal translation: "second age"; Japanese people born in the United States and holding American citizenship) and sansei (literal translation: "third age"; the sons or daughters of nisei). The rest were issei (literal translation: "first age"; immigrants born in Japan who were ineligible for U.S. citizenship).sanseiniseiissei

5. “From which any or all persons, Japanese or Japanese American descent may be excluded." -Franklin Delanor Roosevelt The United States government removed Japanese-Americans from the west coast, relocated them to detention camps, and established curfews.

6. Where they were held? There were three types of camps. Civilian Assembly Centers were temporary camps, frequently located at horse tracks, where the Nisei were sent as they were removed from their communities. Eventually, most were sent to Relocation Centers, also known as internment camps. Detention camps housed Nikkei considered to be disruptive or of special interest to the government.  Civilian Assembly Centers (18)  Relocation Centers (10)  Justice Department Detention camps (8)  Citizen Isolation Centers (3)  Federal Bureau of Prisons (3)  U.S. Army Facilities (18)

8. above: rows and rows of cabins at Gila River, AZ. Internment Camps right: people wander around at Heart Mountain, WY.

9. NameStateOpenedMax. Pop'n ManzanarCaliforniaMarch 194210,046 Tule LakeCaliforniaMay 194218,789 PostonArizonaMay 194217,814 Gila RiverArizonaJuly 194213,348 GranadaColoradoAugust 19427,318 Heart MountainWyomingAugust 194210,767 MinidokaIdahoAugust 19429,397 TopazUtahSeptember 19428,130 RohwerArkansasSeptember 19428,475 JeromeArkansasOctober 19428,497 War Relocation Authority (WRA) Centers

10. Apologies and Reparations In 1980, Congress established the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC) to study the matter. On February 24, 1983, the commission issued a report entitled Personal Justice Denied, condemning the internment as "unjust and motivated by racism rather than real military necessity". The Commission recommended that $20,000 in reparations be paid to those Japanese Americans who had been victims of internment (totaling $1.2 billion).Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians

11. “Congress recognizes that, as described in the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians, a grave injustice was done to both citizens and permanent residents of Japanese ancestry by the evacuation, relocation, and internment of civilians during World War II.” Civil Liberties Act of 1988

12.  acknowledge the fundamental injustice of the evacuation, relocation, and internment of United States citizens and permanent resident aliens of Japanese ancestry during World War II;  apologize on behalf of the people of the United States for the evacuation, relocation, and internment of such citizens and permanent resident aliens;  provide for a public education fund to finance efforts to inform the public about the internment of such individuals so as to prevent the recurrence of any similar event;  make restitution to those individuals of Japanese ancestry who were interned;  discourage the occurrence of similar injustices and violations of civil liberties in the future; and  make more credible and sincere any declaration of concern by the United States over violations of human rights committed by other nations.

13. Primary Resource

14.  U.S. President Ronald Reagan signed the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, which granted reparations for the internment of Japanese Americans.Civil Liberties Act of 1988  On September 27, 1992, the Civil Liberties Act Amendments of 1992, appropriating an additional $400 million to ensure all remaining internees received their $20,000 redress payments, was signed into law by President George H. W. Bush, who also issued another formal apology from the U.S. government. George H. W. Bush

15. Kenji by Fort Minor http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=20kHK v04I94&NR=1&feature=endscreen http://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=6Mc0UWpRRF4

16. War Activities Committee U.S. government Propaganda  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_OiPldKsM 5w&list=PLE03F4364C9CE9B8F http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_OiPldKsM 5w&list=PLE03F4364C9CE9B8F

17.  Found out that white government/military officials leaked information  # sent to camps  % that were born in America  % children  Poems  paintings

18. Emotionally, politically and racially charged, the issue of the Japanese American Relocation during World War II is an event that just won't go away. Claims have been made that American citizens were imprisoned against their will in concentration camps, and that the entire fiasco was motivated by war time hysteria, racial bigotry, and opportunistic businesses that wanted to snap up property left behind by the evacuees. Counter claims have suggested that there was complete documented evidence to justify an evacuation of Japanese Americans and Japanese nationals from the west coast of the United States, and that no American citizen was detained against their will by their own government.