1. Example of architecture framework

2. Enterprise Architectural frameworks An architectural framework provides the structure and methods for organising the use of IT in an organisation There are a number of widely used examples of architectural frameworks – TOGAF developed by the Open Group (standards body) – Zachman framework developed by John Zachman (IBM) Large organisations often develop their own framework – DoDAF – the US Department of Defense Architecture Framework – NIST Enterprise Architecture model

3. Zachman Framework – overview Scope (Ballpark) view Owners View (Enterprise Model) Designers View (System Model) Builder’s View (Technology Model) Out of Context View (Detailed Model) Operational View (Functioning) Data (What) Function (How) Network (Where) People (Who) Time (When) Motivation (Why)

4. List of Locations Important to Business Node=Major Business Location WhatHowWhereWhoWhenWhy Scope Investor DataFunctionNetworkPeopleTimeMotivation Enterprise Model Owner List of Things Important to Business Entity=Class of Business Thing List of Processes the Business Performs Function=Class of Business Process List of Organizations Important to Business Agent=Class of Agent List of Events Significant to Business Time=Major Business Event List of Business Goals/Strategies End/Means=Major Business Goal Information System Model Designer Technology Model Builder Components Subcontractor Functioning System e.g., Entity Relationship Diagram Ent=Business Entity Rel=Business Rule e.g., Entity Relationship Diagram Ent=Business Entity Rel=Business Rule e.g., Function Flow Diagram Function=Business Process e.g., Data Model Entity=Data Entity Relationship= Data Relationship e.g., Data e.g., Distributed System Architecture Node=Info Sys Funct Link=Line Char e.g., Structure Chart Funct=Computer Funct Arg=Screen/Device Formats e.g., System Architecture Node=Hardware/ System Software Link=Line Specification e.g., Logistics Network Node=Business Location Link=Business Linkage e.g., Program Funct=Language Stmts Arg=Control Blocks e.g., Function e.g., Network Architecture Node=Addresses Link=Protocols e.g., Network e.g., Organization Chart Agent=Org Unit Work=Work Product e.g., Master Schedule Time= Business Event Cycle=Business Cycle e.g., Business Plan End=Business Objectives Means=Business Strategy e.g., Human Interface Structure Agent=Role Work=Job e.g., Security Architecture Agent=Identity Work=Transaction e.g., Organization e.g., Processing Structure Time=Trigger Cycle=Component Cycle e.g., Control Structure Time=Execute Cycle=Component Cycle e.g., Timing Definition Time=Interrupt Cycle=Machine Cycle e.g., Knowledge Architecture End=Criterion Means=Option e.g., Knowledge Organization End=Condition Means=Action e.g., Knowledge Definition End= Means e.g., Schedulee.g., Strategy e.g., Data Definition Description Ent=Fields Rel=Addresses e.g., Data Design Entity=Segment/Row Relationship=Pointer/ Key e.g., Data Flow Diagram Funct=Appl Function Arg=User Views REQUIREMENTSANALYSISREQUIREMENTSANALYSIS DESIGNDESIGN DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT PhoneWS AnalystEngSecy e.g., Human/ Technology Interface Agent=User Work=Job AnalystEngSecy PhoneWS (c) John A Zachman Zachman Framework – detail