1. Dynamic planet

2. Can you name the four spheres?

3. How do the four spheres link together? Biosphere Geosphere Hydrosphere Atmosphere How do humans damage these Spheres?

4. The Geosphere Carefully complete you own diagram. Stick the labels on the correct part of the diagram Use pages 8 – 11 to add extra notes Extension: what is the difference between the oceanic and continental crust?

5. Describe the different layers of earths interior (4)

6. How is the magnetic field created?

7. What are convectional currents? Inside the Earth is hot – over 5000°C Inside the earth is called geothermal heat This is caused by radioactive decay of elements such as uranium in the core and mantle Let’s read p10

8. Explain why earth tectonic plates move? (6)

9. Page 8 and 9 Continental crust VS Oceanic crust CrustType DensityDepthPicture Continental (older 3-4 billon yrs old) GraniteLow30-50km OceanicBasalthigh6-8km

10. Describe the differences between the oceanic and continental plate (4)

11. Continental drift Look at the map on p12. Plate tectonics have moved the continents to the positions they are in today

12. And now this!! Label your map and arrow the arrows (page 13)

14. Compare the physical features and tectonic hazards of constructive and destructive plate boundaries (6)

15. Key Vocabulary Focus: the actual point where the earthquake occurred Epicentre: the point on the earth’s surface directly above the focus Seismic waves: the shockwaves produced by an earthquake Seismometer: an instrument that measures vibration in the earth’s crust The Richter Scale: a scale that measures the magnitude of an earthquake

16. Create a mind map explaining why? The strength of an earthquake/volc ano The time the event took place If it is very early in the morning people will be less prepared They could be asleep Which means there is less reaction time ?

17. Why do people live near volcanoes?

18. Shield cone volcanoes Shield cone volcanoes are wide-based, with gentle slopes. Their lava is runny and thin, which means that it can travel a long way before cooling and solidifying. Often these eruptions are non- violent and can last for years

19. Composite Cone Volcanoes Composite Cone volcanoes are steep-sided,and made of alternate layers of ash and lava. Often the lava cools to create a plug in the vent, meaning that a huge explosion is needed to remove it.The best example is Mt. St. Helens

20. Monitoring Volcanoes We CAN predict and prepare for volcanic eruptions…

21. ProtectionPrediction

22. What are primary and secondary effects of a Volcano? Primary effects are… Secondary effects are….

23. Mount Nyiragongo is one of the most active volcanoes in the world clip

24. Mt SkurajimaMt Nyiragongo Volcano type Magma type Explosivity Hazards

25. Using a named example, explain the economic and social impacts of a volcanic eruption (6)