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5.2 Displacement Reactions. Learning Goals Learn how to read and use the activity series Learn what is a single displacement reaction and how to create.

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Presentation on theme: "5.2 Displacement Reactions. Learning Goals Learn how to read and use the activity series Learn what is a single displacement reaction and how to create."— Presentation transcript:

1 5.2 Displacement Reactions

2 Learning Goals Learn how to read and use the activity series Learn what is a single displacement reaction and how to create a single displacement reactions Learn what is a double displacement reaction and how to create a double displacement reaction

3 Classifying Chemical Reactions The new substances, or products, that form during chemical changes will depend on the type of chemical reaction occurring. There are four main types of chemical reactions: 1)Synthesis Reactions 2)Decomposition Reactions 3)Single Displacement Reactions 4)Double Displacement Reactions

4 Single Displacement Reactions In a single displacement reaction, one element takes the place of (displaces) another element in a compound. There are two general forms of equations for a single displacement reaction: For a single displacement, where A is a metal: For a single displacement, where A is a non-metal:

5 Example 1 A single displacement reaction involving a metal replacing another metal occurs when copper is placed in an aqueous solution of silver nitrate. copper + silver nitrate  copper(II) nitrate + silver Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + Ag(s)Cu(s) + AgNO 3 (aq)  Cu(s) + AgNO 3 (aq)  Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + Ag(s)Cu(s) + 2AgNO 3 (aq)  Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + 2Ag(s)

6 Metals differ in their reactivity. The activity series is a list of metals organized according to their chemical reactivity; the most reactive metal appears at the top and the least reactive metal appears at the bottom. A reactive metal will displace or replace a metal in a compound that is below it in the activity series.

7 Looking back at the previous example: Ag(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq)  Cu(s) + 2AgNO 3 (aq)  Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + 2Ag(s) Could it be the other way around? No reaction

8 Example 2 A single displacement reaction involving a metal replacing hydrogen occurs when zinc is placed in an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid (hydrogen chloride). zinc + hydrochloric acid  zinc chloride + hydrogen ZnCl 2 (aq) + H 2 (g)Zn(s) + HCl(aq)  Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq)  ZnCl 2 (aq) + H 2 (g)

9 A single displacement reaction involving a non-metal replacing another non-metal occurs when fluorine is placed in an aqueous solution of potassium iodide. fluorine + potassium iodide  potassium fluoride + iodine KF(aq) + I 2 (g)F 2 (g) + KI(aq)  F 2 (g) + 2KI(aq)  2KF(aq) + I 2 (g) Example 3

10 Double Displacement Reactions In a double displacement reaction, the cations of two different compounds exchange places, forming two new compounds. The general form of the equation is: In this equation, A and C are cations and B and D are anions.

11 Example An example of a double displacement reaction occurs when barium hydroxide and sodium sulfate are mixed in a solution. barium hydroxide + sodium sulfate  barium sulfate + sodium chloride BaSO 4 (s) + NaOH(aq)Ba(OH) 2 (aq) + Na 2 SO 4 (aq)  Ba(OH) 2 (aq) + Na 2 SO 4 (aq)  BaSO 4 (s) + 2NaOH(aq)

12 Example The following is a double displacement reaction. Complete and balance the chemical equation. AlCl 3 (aq) + CuNO 3 (aq) 

13 Homework Textbook: Read Section 5.2 Questions pg 193 # 1, pg 196 # 1 Formal Lab Report Due Thursday!


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