2. Planet Earth and Beyond: Fossils in Rock NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

3. Fossils in Rock NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

4.  Fossils are the remains of ancient plants and animals preserved (kept safe) in layers of rock  During fossilisation, the soft parts of the plants and animals rot away NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

5.  Only the hard parts remain and become preserved as fossils  Most of the organisms that scientists study are now extinct (they do not exist anymore) NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

6. Let’s watch a video  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SEDfRy6DQns http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SEDfRy6DQns NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

7. 1. When a plant / animal dies, it falls to the ground This TRICERATOPS died on the banks of a river NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

8. 2. The flesh of the dinosaur decomposes, or other animals eat it. Only the skeleton remains. NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

9. 3. There was a lot of rain, so the river rose and covered the skeleton with mud and sand NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

10. 4. Over time, more sand and mud layers are formed on top of the skeleton. The layers become hard and turn to rock. NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

11. 5. Wind and water erodes the rock over time and the fossils are exposed on the surface. A scientist can now carefully remove the rock and sand around the skeleton and study the fossil in a safe place. NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

13. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TVwPLWOo9TE NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

14.  Nobody was around millions of years ago  We have to find other ways to find out what life was like millions of years ago  Fossils give us information about the past NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

15.  Fossilized animal droppings tell us what the animal used to eat  We can then work out what plants grew in that time NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5

18.  Image: www.pikespeakrock.comwww.pikespeakrock.com  Image: www.komu.com www.komu.com  Image: www.prehistoricplanet.comwww.prehistoricplanet.com  Image: www.valdosta.edu www.valdosta.edu  Image: www.nhm.ac.uk www.nhm.ac.uk  Image: dianastaresinicdeane.wordpress.com dianastaresinicdeane.wordpress.com  Image: geology.com geology.com  Image: fineartamerica.com fineartamerica.com  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TVwPLWOo9TE (video) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TVwPLWOo9TE  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SEDfRy6DQns (video) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SEDfRy6DQns  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1pcNt2I7j0o http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1pcNt2I7j0o  www.thunderboltkids.com www.thunderboltkids.com  CAPS Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5  Barnard T, Bevan W, Collett H, McKay R, Turley C. 2013. Oxford Successful Natural Science Grade 5 Leaner’s Book. Cape Town: Oxford University Press