1. Welcome to the International Right of Way Association’s
Course 901
Engineering Plan Development and Application
C901.V3.PT

2. Introductions Who you are. . . What you do . . . Where you work . . .
How long . . .
C901.V3.PT

3. Objectives Identify and Use Plan Information
Understand Engineering Terms
Explain Plans
Use Engineering Tools
Apply Principles to Your Work
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4. Schedule Follow Participant’s Manual 8:00 – 8:30 Introductions, etc.
8:30 – 2: Use of Engineering Plans and Plan Development
2:45 – 3:45 Other Plans and Maps
3:45 – 4: Summary and Review
4:15 – 5:00 Exam
C901.V3.PT

5. Engineering Plans ➢ Lines Graphic Language ➢ Graphs ➢ Charts ➢ Symbols
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6. Right of Way Plans used by:
Appraiser
Negotiator
Attorney
Engineer/Surveyor
Value Property
Explain details Acquire Property
Present in Court
Legal Documents
Design & Construct
C901.V3.PT

7. Three View Concept Top View Side View End View Plan View Profile View
Cross Section
Length and Width
Height and Length
Width and Height
Each View is Perpendicular to Others
Gives 3 Dimensional Picture Of Project
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8. Plan View (Top View) Existing Features - Dashed Line
Proposed Construction - Solid Line
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9. Plan View (Top View) Property Information Drawn to Scale
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10. Inches divided into multiples of 10 per inch
Engineers Scale
Inches divided into multiples of 10 per inch
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11. Divides feet into inches and fractions
Architects Scale
Divides feet into inches and fractions
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12. North Arrow - Orientation of Plan
Three Norths - Geographic True North
- Magnetic North
- Datum North
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13. Centerline - Control Line
➢ Horizontal Direction of Project
➢ Deflection Angle Changes - Delta ()
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14. Compass Bearings Four Cardinal (Main) Directions
➢ “N” , “E”, “S”, & “W”
Quadrants (90°)
➢ “NE” , “SE”, “SW”, & “NW”
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15. Shows Direction of Centerline or Property line
Compass Bearings
Shows Direction of Centerline or Property line
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16. Stations Marked in 100’, 100 m or 1000 m Intervals
Always Numbered Positive
Used for Reference and Location
Intermediate Points Called “+” (Plus)
Directions: “BK”, “AH”, “LT”, “RT”
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17. Exercise #1 - Utility Centerline
3962
+2126 N
= 58°-30’
Sta 60+88 
6088
2126’ PI
Sta 39+62
N81°-45’E
60+88
81°-45’
-23°-15’
1962’
N23°-15’E
58°
-30’
 = 58°-30’, Rt
20+00
=2000
+1962
3962
39+62
POB, Sta 20+00
Scale: 1” = 500’
C901.V3.PT

18. Station Equations/Equalities
Used When Stations Not Continuous
Point has Two or More Station Numbers
➢ One Back and One Ahead
Calculating Correct Distance Between Stations
➢ Add Individual Segment Lengths
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19. Station Equations
R/W
NEW HIGHWAY C L
R/W
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20. Highway & Railway CurvesPI T T
T - Tangent - Straight Section of Centerline
PI - Point of Intersection
- Delta Angle - Deflection Angle
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21. Simple Curve PC - Point of Curvature PT - Point of TangencyPI D PC PT
PT - Point of Tangency L
POC
L - Length of Curve
POT
R - Radius R
POC - Point on Curve D
POT - Point on Tangent
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22. Reverse Curve Two Curves, Adjacent, Opposite Directions
PRC
PRC - Point of Reverse Curvature
Has 2 PIs
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23. PCC - Point of Compound Curvature
Compound Curve
Two Curves, Adjacent, Same Direction
PCC
Different Radii
PCC - Point of Compound Curvature
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24. Spiral Curve Constantly Changing Radius
Spiral on Each End of a Simple Curve
TS - Tangent to Spiral
SC - Spiral to Curve
CS - Curve to Spiral
ST - Spiral to Tangent
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25. Degree of Curvature Measured 100’ Along Centerline
Angle at center of arc
100’ D
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26. Degree of Curvature-D Indicates Flatness/Sharpness of Curve
➢ Small D - Large Radius
➢ Large D - Small Radius
Examples:
➢ 1° Curve Radius = 5,729.58’
➢ 10° Curve Radius = ’
C901.V3.PT

27. Exercise #2 – Highway Centerline
PI: 3962
-T = - 802
PI: 3962
PC = 3160
(1463’)
+ T = +802
Sta 31+60
PT = 4764
47+64
46+23
Sta 47+64
PC: 3160
+ L = +1463
PT: 4623
31+60
Sta 46+23
C901.V3.PT

28. Offsets of Centerline ➢ Locate any Point off Centerline
Perpendicular Distance Right or Left
of Centerline
➢ Locate any Point off Centerline
➢ Use Radial Line on Curve
65’ Lt, Sta 14+50 P
14+00
(155’) L
21+00
(650’)
90’ Rt, Sta 21+00
LENGTH =
 =
668.2’
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29. Contours Lines of Equal Elevation Shows Shape and Slope of Land
Interval - Elevation Difference
Between Contour Lines
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30. Contours Relative Spacing of Lines Indicates Slope
➢ Close Lines = Steep Slope
Contours Point Upstream
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31. Contours
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32. Exercise #3 - Contours 1. Map Scale? 1” = 50’ 2. Contour Interval: 1’
3. Sidewalk Width:
4. Elevation Difference:
5. Ball Rolls:
6. In Flood Plain:
7. Elevation:
Equation: Saratoga = Bridge St
9. Saratoga St. R/W:
10: Bridge St. R/W:
50’ 1’ 8’
1.2’
South
238 & 240
863
9+9 5
0+00
60’
60’
C901.V3.PT

33. State Plane Coordinate System
Survey Control - Latitude & Longitude Converted to Coordinates
Establishes Precise Location
Four Datums:
➢ Two Horizontal – NAD 27 & NAD 83
➢ Two Vertical – NGVD 29 & NAVD 88
Zones - Depends on Size & Shape of State
C901.V3.PT

34. State Plane Coordinate System
Point Identified by Two Coordinates
➢ “X” is “Easting”
➢ “Y” is “Northing”
Vertical Control Surveys Establish Elevations
Advantages:
➢ Excellent Control over Large Areas
➢ Accurate Locations
C901.V3.PT

35. Exercise #4 – State Plane Coords
1. PI Curve GV-2:
a. Station __________ Offset _______
b. N ____________ E ___________
7’ Lt
10, 5,
2. Drill Hole B1:
a. Station __________ Offset _______
b. N ____________ E ___________
24+53
5’ Lt
10,210
5,733
3. Telephone Pole “TEL-25”:
a. Station __________ Offset _______
b. N ____________ E ___________
21+53
44’ Lt
10,177
5,428
C901.V3.PT

36. Exercise #4 – State Plane Coords
4. PL Intersection with R/W line:
a. Station __________ Offset _______
b. N ____________ E ___________
21+53
47’ Rt
10,089
5,453
5. BM “A-267”:
a. Station __________ Offset _______
b. N ____________ E ___________
24+86
28’ Lt
10,240
5,761
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37. Profile View Side View – (Length & Height)
Stations & Elevations on Centerline Only
➢ Existing – Dashed Line
➢ Proposed – Solid Line
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38. Profile View Horizontal Scale same as Plan View
Vertical Scale exaggerated for Clarity
Datum - Reference Elevation
Bench Marks - Known Location & Elevation
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39. Profile View - Pipeline
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40. Profile View - Overhead Line
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41. Profile View - Highway
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42. Profile Grade Line/Point
Profile Grade Line - Stations & Final Elevations on Centerline
Profile Grade Point - Centerline Elevation at Specific Station
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43. Profile Grade Line Percent Grade - Rise (+) or Fall (-) ➢ % = 100 V/H
V = Change in Elevation
H = Horizontal Distance in Feet
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44. Vertical Highway Curve
Parabolic Curves
➢ Sag or Crest
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45. Vertical Highway Curve
PVC - Point of Vertical Curve
PVI - Point of Vertical Intersection
PVT - Point of Vertical Tangent
Length = PVT - PVC
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46. Highway Plan – Profile Sheet
➢ Provides Two Dimensional View
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47. Exercise #5 – Vertical Curves
1. Percent Grade:
’ Curve:
PVC: ______ PVT: _______
’ Curve:
PVC: ______ PVT: ______
4. Cut or
11+00: _____ :______
5. Datum:_________________
100(19.5)/(650)=
- 3.0%
12+50
18+50
20+00
24+00
12’ F
4’ C
Mean Sea Level
C901.V3.PT

48. Utility Typical Cross-Section
Overhead Line (H frame) Typical Section
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49. Highway Typical Cross-Section
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50. Highway Cross-Section
Shows Construction Details
Perpendicular to Centerline
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51. Highway Cross-Section
Right (RT) and Left (LT) of Centerline
In Ahead Direction
Existing and Proposed Elevations at Specific Station
C901.V3.PT

52. Highway Cross-Section
Shows Cut and/or Fill
Profile Grade Point from Profile
Slope Ratio
Construction Limits
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53. Superelevation Sloping Pavement Surface Counters Centrifugal Force
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54. Exercise #6 – Highway Cross-Section
1. Station
29+50
2. P G P Elevation
827.5
3. Pavement Width
24’
4. Shoulder Width
8’ Lt, 10’ Rt
C901.V3.PT

55. Exercise #6 – Highway Cross-Section
5. Fill on Centerline
7.5’
6. Side Slope Ratio
3:1 Lt, 2:1 Rt
7. Construction Limit
33’ Lt, 32’ Rt
8. Min Cover
3’ Lt, 3.5’ Rt
9. Ditch Elevation
822.5 Lt, 822 Rt
C901.V3.PT

56. Highway Cross-Sections
Several Sections per Sheet
Shows Excavation (Cut) or Embankment (Fill)
Read from Bottom to
Top of Sheet
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57. Right of Way Plans
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58. Right of Way Plans Multipurpose Land Map Map of Record
Property Boundaries, Areas and Rights Existing and to be Acquired
Establish R/W Limits and Points of Ingress and Egress
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59. Right of Way Plans Ownership Index Contains: ➢ Parcel Numbers & Names
➢ Areas of Acquisition and Remainders
➢ Deed Data
Topography - Ground Features & Improvements
Political Boundaries
Survey Data & Centerline with Stations
C901.V3.PT

60. Exercise #7 – Right of Way Plans
Scale of Drawing: 1” =
New Bridge Length:
Affected Property Owners:
a. Ellis
b. Wendell
c. Lowe
d. Lowe
20’
102.60’ 6 73
Temp. Construction Easement 67
Right of Way 68
Right of Way 68
Permanent Drainage Easement
C901.V3.PT

61. Exercise #7 – Right of Way Plans
Culvert Through:
Distance to Basic Creek:
P. D. E. Area:
Garage to New Pavement:
Driveway Width:
Distance Between Poles:
Lowe
74’
1830 SF
101’
20’
215’
C901.V3.PT

62. Exercise #7 – Right of Way Plans
11. Sta Rte 81 = Sta Basic Creek
12. What Happens to “A 267”:
13. Basic Creek Separates:
Removed
Lowe & Williams
Wurtz & Criss
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63. Aerial Photogrammetry
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64. Aerial Photogrammetry
Measurement by Photographs
Combine With Ground Control Points
Drawings Can be Prepared to Desired Scale
Easier to Understand Than Regular Plans
C901.V3.PT

65. Aerial Photogrammetry
Photos Used by:
➢ Surveyors - Property Lines, Size & Shape of Parcel
➢ Appraisers - Land Use & Indicates Access
➢ Negotiators - Explain to Owner
➢ Attorney Present Details in Court
C901.V3.PT

66. Aerial Photogrammetry
Photos Used for:
➢ Route & Site Location
➢ Public Hearings
➢ Property Inventory
➢ Tax Maps & Land Use
➢ Mining & Forestry
➢ Military
C901.V3.PT

67. Types of Aerial Photographs
Vertical (perpendicular to the earth’s surface)
Oblique (at an angle to the earth’s surface)
Ground (taken at ground level)
High Altitude (by aircraft or satellite)
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68. Aerial Photogrammetry
Private Contracts
Government:
➢ US Geological Survey ➢
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69. Summary: Engineering Plan Development
Three View Concept
➢ Plan, Profile,
Cross-Section
State Plane Coordinates
Right of Way Plans
Aerial Photography
C901.V3.PT

70. Review Objectives
Read and interpret engineering plans and nomenclature (terms)
Be able to explain plans
Use tools to plot information to scale
Apply principles of interpreting engineering drawings to work activities
C901.V3.PT

71. Finally, The End!
Woo-Hoo!
Thank You!
C901.V3.PT