1. Adoption as a child protection mechanism for vulnerable children in Southern Africa Luke Lamprecht JCAF

2. Child Rights We all have a negative obligation Family as the primary vehicle for realising our positive obligation: 28. Children Every child has the right ­ – to a name and a nationality from birth; – to family care or parental care, or to appropriate alternative care when removed from the family environment; – to basic nutrition, shelter, …

3. Policy to practice Social development policy: – Recognition of the centrality of family – Family preservation – Family reunification – Biological and extended families – Psychological families (Legal options)

4. Cont… “in need of care” and reasons for removal and placement options – AAAA’s Care plan IDP Permanency plan – Reunification (biological and extended) – Adoption – Foster care/s – Institutionalisation – Timing is everything

5. Why is this important? Nature vs Nurture Attachment as the basis of personality development and relationships Relationships and the WAR cycle The effects of institutionalisation on brain development Trauma (single and compound) as an aggravating circumstance. “Good enough parenting” as protective factor.

6. Brain imaging

7. Risk and Reward Needs of the child Needs and expectations of the adoptive family Screening and Matching Systemic considerations: Legislation, register, belonging, culture. Expectations, support and “giving back” (The child or to society) Empathy and humanity On-going support and therapy

8. Cont… Case 1: Adoption process as pregnancy and birth. (DS) Case 2: Adoption as a way to fill a hole (KN and W)

9. Conclusion