1. Polyatomic Ions Transition Ions

2. Polyatomic Ions
Covalent structures can sometimes form with extra electrons as ions. O S
write out electron total as lewis structure forms

3. Polyatomic Ions These covalent structures are called polyatomic ions.
Many negative polyatomic ions have a central atom bound to a group of oxygen atoms which we refer to as the oxyanions.
circle new pair

4. Common Oxyanions Common standard form oxyanions include:
CO32- carbonate
NO31- nitrate
PO43- phosphate
SO42- sulfate
ClO31- chlorate

5. Other Common Polyatomics
Also be aware of the following:
NH41+ ammonium
H3O1+ hydronium
Cr2O72- dichromate
MnO41- permanganate
OH1- hydroxide
HCO31- bicarbonate

6. Naming Polyatomics Practice
1) Name the following salts:
NH4Cl
K2SO4
MgCO3
Ba(OH)2
AlPO4
Sr(ClO3)2
AgNO3
KMnO4
NaHCO3
ZnCr2O7

7. Chemical Formula Practice
2) Write chemical formulas for the salts below:
lithium sulfate
barium chlorate
aluminum hydroxide
strontium carbonate
sodium nitrate
potassium dichromate
cesium bicarbonate
sodium permanganate
magnesium phosphate
ammonium hydroxide
False

8. Ions with Multiple Charges
Some transition and post-transition metals will give away different numbers of electrons to become more stable.
Atom
Nickel
Nickel (II)
Nickel (III)
Symbol Ni
Ni2+
Ni3+
Electron Config
[Ar] 4s23d8
[Ar] 3d8
[Ar] 4s23d5

9. Common Transition Ions
Element
Ion
Stock Name
Classical Name
chromium
Cr2+
chromium(II)
chromous 
Cr3+ 
chromium(III)
chromic 
cobalt
Co2+
cobalt(II)
cobaltous
Co3+
cobalt(III)
cobaltic 
copper
Cu1+ 
copper(I)
cuprous 
Cu2+
copper(II)
cupric 
iron
Fe2+
iron(II)
ferrous 
Fe3+
iron(III)
ferric 
lead 
Pb2+
lead(II) 
plumbous 
Pb4+
lead(IV) 
plumbic 
manganese
Mn2+
manganese(II)
manganous 
Mn3+
manganese(III)
manganic 
Mn4+
manganese(IV)
mercury 
Hg22+
mercury(I)
mercurous 
Hg2+
mercury(II)
mercuric 
nickel 
Ni2+ 
nickel(II) 
nickelous 
Ni3+ 
nickel(III)
nickelic 
tin
Sn2+
tin(II)
stannous 
Sn4+ 
tin(IV) 
stannic 

10. Naming with Transition Ions
Look at the anion’s charge to determine the cation charge.
CuCl2
2Cl1-
Name the cation based on the charge number.
Cu2+

11. Transition Naming Practice
3) Name the salts below (stock name):
FeF3
SnO2
HgCO3
CuOH
Co2(SO4)3
Ni(NO3)2
MnBr4
CrS2
Pb3(PO4)2
Fe(OH)2
False

12. Complete the Table Name Ions Formula copper (II) chlorate Hg22+ O2-
Ni3+
NO31-
K2Cr2O7
K2SO4
nickel (III) permanganate
barium hydroxide
NH41+
N3-
PbS2
manganese (IV) carbonate