2. Weeds A weed is defined as a plant growing out of place
Characteristics:
Weeds grow faster than crops
Produce lots of seed with long viability
Usually have some seed dormancy
Some can also reproduce vegetatively
Some weeds have allelopathy

3. Cultural Weed Control Most garden weeds are removed manually
Long term weed control is accomplished by not allowing weeds to set seed in the garden
Manual = pull, hoe, till, plow, chicken tractor, weeder geese
Don’t allow weed seed to germinate
Mulch, corn gluten, salt

4. Manual weed removal
Hoes

6. Other methods
Flame
Hot water
Vinegar

7. Other methods
Corn Gluten
Salt

8. Mulch Most weed seed needs light to germinate
Organic mulch – straw, leaves, Hosta Squash… can keep light from hitting the soil surface and keep weeds from germinating
Black plastic
newspaper

9. Biological weed control
Using animals
Crop competition
Introducing insects or diseases

10. Let others do some of the weeding!
Weeder geese
Chicken tractor

11. Crop competition
Large leaved crop or ornamental plants like squash or Hosta will shade out weeds.
Peas are one of the crop plants that are allelopathic and can fight weeds chemically

12. Using insects and disease
Be very careful with these!
There is a new patent on a fungus that selectively kills crabgrass.
The DNR is releasing a small beetle that eats purple loosestrife

13. Chemical control Herbicides can be classified as:
Contact or Translocated
Contact=plant is injured at the point of contact
Translocated= (roundup) goes into the plant leaves and kills roots and rhyzomes
Residual and non-residual
Residual= has some long term soil activity
Non-residual=does not

14. Chemical control Pre-plant herbicide Pre-emergence herbicide
Post-emergence herbicide
Selective
Non selective

15. Herbicides. During the fallow period, oxyfluorfen (GoalTender) can provide both preemergent and postemergent control of winter weeds. Paraquat (Gramoxone), pelargonic acid (Scythe), glyphosate (Roundup), and carfentrazone (Shark) can provide fallow bed weed control.
Metam sodium is available as a soil fumigant to control soilborne diseases and nematodes, but it can also be used to control weeds, although results are not always consistent. Be sure the soil is well cultivated and moist before its application.
Also available are paraquat (Gramoxone Inteon), pelargonic acid (Scythe), and glyphosate (Roundup) to control emerged weeds before planting. Glyphosate as a preplant treatment can be particularly helpful in controlling perennial weeds.
The preplant herbicide benefin (Balan) is mechanically incorporated into the top 2 to 3 inches of the lettuce bed. Because benefin remains in the soil after harvest, do not plant benefin-sensitive crops such as corn, sudangrass, sugarbeets, spinach, and sorghum, following a lettuce crop where benefin was used. Depth of incorporation is important to the performance of this herbicide. If it is incorporated too deeply it will dilute the herbicide, resulting in poor performance. Mixing it too shallowly may reduce lettuce tolerance. Power driven incorporator, bed shaper units have given satisfactory results.

16. Chemicals for Home Gardens
The rules for herbicide use change every year – mainly chemicals are finally tested and found to be cancer causers – or worse
If you use these you must read the whole label.
Wear the proper protection , don’t apply on a windy day, keep away from streams and other ponds
Don’t put anything on your food that you don’t want to eat

17. Chemical control
Leaves distorted due to 2,4D injury

19. Common weeds
Bull thistle

20. Dandelion
Crabgrass

21. Eat your weeds
Lambs quarters
Pigweed

22. Illegal plants