1. 1 Agricultural Market Access Database (AMAD) Workshop on Tools and Methods for Trade and Trade Policy Analysis 11-15 September 2006

2. 2 What is AMAD? AMAD stands for the Agricultural Market Access Database. It is a publicly available information tool for the analysis of WTO market access issues in agriculture.

3. 3 Who is responsible for AMAD? Result of a co-operative effort by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, European Commission – DG Agriculture, FAO, OECD, UNCTAD, United States Department of Agriculture – Economic Research Service, and the World Bank.

4. 4 How can AMAD be accessed? Available freely online at www.amad.org.www.amad.org Based in MS Access/Excel.

5. 5 What information does AMAD contain? AMAD is the most comprehensive collection of available public data on WTO market access in agriculture. It contains detailed data on WTO tariffs and TRQ schedules, import data, applied tariffs, production, consumption and trade. AMAD contains data for all agricultural commodities at the tariff-line level. AMAD contains data for 126 countries, including all major agricultural trading members. The data is updated yearly and new information is being added. The sources of data are WTO tariff and TRQ schedules, WTO notifications of TRQ implementation, UNCTAD TRAINS, UNSD COMTRADE, FAOstat, Eurostat, and various national trade data.

6. 6 ex. Tariff Bindings table (United States) ex. TRQ Quantities Notified table (United States) ex. Applied Tariffs table (United States) ex. Imports table (United States)

7. 7 What can AMAD be used for? Purpose of the database is to provide a common data set on tariffs. AMAD provides tools for policy makers and researchers to use in analysing levels of tariff protection in agriculture among WTO members. It can also assist in improving international transparency of agricultural trade as covered by multilateral rules and disciplines.

8. 8 Uses of AMAD Constructing tariff surfaces. Analysis of tariff escalation. Measuring “water in the tariff”. Identifying differences in tariffs on like products. Evaluating alternative formulas for reducing agricultural tariffs.

9. 9 Grains Grain pro Feed Starches Oilseeds Oilcake Veg: oils Fats & Oils Live anim Meat: other Meat: fresh Meat: frozen Meat: prep Skins &Hides Dairy Eggs Fruit: fresh Fruit: frozen Fruit: d&f Fruit: dried Fruit: prep Fruit: juice Veg: fresh Veg: frozen Veg: other Veg: d&f Veg: dried Veg: prep Veg: juice Nuts Nuts & fruits Hort: live Hort: flowers Sugar beet Sugar cane Sweeteners Tobacco unm Tobacco pro Fiber Food prep Coffee Coffee: other Tea CocoaSpices Essential oils Crude an mat Crude veg mat Bev nonalcohol Bev alcohol Canada’s average agricultural tariff (24 percent) Percent 1 Tariffs based on bound MFN rates of final (2000) URAA implementation. Note: A simple average of all tariffs, with the exception of in-quota tariffs was taken after calculating the ad valorem equivalent (AVE) for each non-ad valorem tariff. Source: UNCTAD calculations using the Agricultural Market Access Database (AMAD). Commodity groupings based on Gibson et al. (2001). Agricultural tariff surface for Canada 1 0 50 100 150 200 250

10. 10 Agricultural tariff escalation for Canada 1 Percent 1 Tariffs based on bound MFN rates of final (2000) URAA implementation. Note: A simple average of all tariffs, with the exception of in-quota tariffs was taken after calculating the ad valorem equivalent (AVE) for each non-ad valorem tariff. Source: UNCTAD calculations using the Agricultural Market Access Database (AMAD). Stage of processing based on USDA BICO categories. Canada’s average agricultural tariff (24 percent)

11. 11 Future direction of AMAD Incorporate tariff-rate quota (TRQ) administration methods. Include information on Special Safeguards (SSGs). Incorporate market access related questions and answers from Summary Reports of the Committee on Agriculture.

12. 12 Other uses of AMAD Data in AMAD is used in UNCTAD Agricultural Trade Policy Simulation Model (ATPSM)

13. 13 Publications using AMAD Burfisher, Mary. et al. Agricultural Policy Reform in the WTO: The Road Ahead. Economic Research Service, USDA, Agricultural Economic Report Number 802, May 2001. Costa Rica. Agricultural Negotiations under the Doha Agenda: Elements to be Taken into Account with Regard to Non-Ad Valorem Tariffs (NAV). Specific Contribution by Costa Rica to the Text. JOB(02)/87. 16 July 2002. Gibson, Paul. et al. Profiles of Tariffs in Global Agricultural Markets. Economic Research Service, USDA, Agricultural Economic Report Number 796, January 2001. Shirotori, Miho. WTO Negotiations on Agriculture: Assessment of Non-Ad Valorem Tariffs as a Tariff Barrier. UNCTAD, WEB/CDP/BKGB/8, 2002.