2. Wild Turkey ( Meleagris gallopavo.) Male Turkey. Female Turkey. Map of summer/winter territories. Food Sources: Acorns, nuts, fruits, insects, salamanders, etc.

3. American Robin (Turdus migratorius.) Male American Robin Female American Robin Map of summer/winter territories. Food Sources: Small insects, spiders, and worms.

4. Eastern Bluebird (Sialia sialis.) Male Eastern Bluebird. Female Eastern Bluebird. Map of summer/winter territories. Food Sources: Small insects, berries, fruits, mealworms, etc.

5. Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis.) Male Northern Cardinal. Female Northern Cardinal. Map of summer/winter territories. Food Sources: Seeds, insects, snails, maple sap, etc.

6. American Goldfinch (Carduelis tristis.) Male American Goldfinch. Female American Goldfinch. Map of summer/winter territories. Food Sources: Small seeds, some insects, grasses, weeds, etc.

7. Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica.) Map of summer/winter territories. Male and Female Barn Swallow. Food Sources: Grasshoppers, beetles, moths, other small flying insects, etc.

8. Blue Jay (Cyanocitta cristata.) Food Sources: Peanuts, seeds, berries, sunflower seeds, etc. Map of summer/winter territories. Male and Female Blue Jay.

9. Northern Oriole (Iceterus galbula) Male Northern Oriole. Female Northern Oriole. Map of summer/winter territories. Food Sources: Berries, fruits, grasshoppers, gypsy moths, leaf beetles, ect.

10. Ruby Throated Hummingbird (Archilochus colubris.) Male Ruby Throated Hummingbird. Female Ruby Throated Hummingbird. Map of summer/winter territories. Food Sources: Nectar, insects, spiders, ect.

11. Raven (Corvus corax.) Male and Female Raven. Map of summer/winter territories. Food Sources: Road kill, insects, small mammals, small birds, ect.

12. Comparing Warblers. Yellow Warbler: Territory lies in Northern Minnesota. Food Sources: Insects, Spiders, berries, small insect larva, ect. Prefer moist habitats. Breeds in Southern Minnesota during the summer.

13. Comparing Warblers (Cont.) Canada Warbler: Territories lies in Southern Canada and extreme Northern Minnesota. Food Sources: Insects, snails, worms, spiders, ect. Prefers moist thickets for nesting. Huge habitat loss in Canada due to humans (slowly moving down in Southern Minnesota.

14. Comparing Ground Nesters. Wild Turkey: Territory is Southeast Minnesota. Food Sources: Acorns, nuts, fruits, insects, salamanders, etc. Were well known to Indians. Prairie Chicken: Territory is mainly Southwest Minnesota. Food Sources: Leaves, seeds,insects, ect. Can tolerate agricultural lands and has adapted well in Southwest Minnesota.

15. Comparing Ground Nesters, Cont.) Spruce Grouse (Canada Grouse): Territory lies extreme Northern Minnesota. Food Source: Conifer needles, leaves, berries, flowers, insects, etc. Live in dense forests and are often found in flocks.

16. Comparing Chickadees. Blacked-Capped Chickadee: Territory is in all of Minnesota’s Biomes. Food Sources: Insects, spiders, seeds, fruits, ect. Most common “backyard” bird in Minnesota.

17. Comparing Chickadees (Cont.) Boreal Chickadee: Territory lies in extreme Northern Minnesota/Southern Canada. Food Source: Insects, Spiders, seeds, occasionally caterpillars, etc. Can fly at high elevations though adaptation. Prefer dense or lights forests for nesting.

18. The Loon (Gavia immer.) Common Loon: Minnesota State Bird. Territory lies in Northern Minnesota/Canada. Spends 98% of its life floating/gliding in water. Oldest bird in “fossil world.” Has “Counter-shading” as a defense. Coracoid Process protects the loon from water pressure. Can spend 3-5 min. underwater.

19. Sources. http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://home.att.net/~rickt16/Northe rnCardinal_map.gif&imgrefurl=http://allaboutbirds.wordpress.com/category/ backyard-wild- birds/&usg=__WDFMaJtFvldyao_UPIQg5cvVPWA=&h=420&w=300&sz=9& hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=gzhnR- 7guKGzPM:&tbnh=125&tbnw=89&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dmap%2Bof%2B Northern%2BCardinal%2Bterritories%26hl%3Den%26um%3D1 http://birdweb.org/birdweb/bird_details.aspx?id=463 http://www.nrri.umn.edu/mnbirds/accounts/BCCHa2.htm http://www.holoweb.com/cannon/regular.htm http://www.borealbirds.org/birdguide/bd0385_species.shtml