1. Dr. Michael Cooke Dr. David Schmitz Fermilab

2. Newton’s Laws of Motion o o 1. Objects in motion want to stay in motion and objects at rest want to stay at rest 2. Forces change motion: Force = mass × acceleration 3. Forces come in equal and opposite pairs

3. Gravity is a Fundamental Force! Gravity changes the way things move, so it must cause a force Help us explore the force of gravity! doesn’t move moves slowly moves faster moves fastest G G G G

4. Physics works EVERYWHERE

5. All moving objects have energy! We call it kinetic energy Energy takes many forms, and can be stored as potential energy Energy can transform between types! Energy

6. Momentum All moving objects have momentum! Momentum = mass × velocity (or ) Momentum has a direction Momentum can transfer between objects!

7. Conservation In a closed system, the total energy and the total momentum are conserved! Help us think about: Energy transformation Momentum transfer Energy & momentum conservation

8. Laws of Spin?

9. Physics in the Olympics!

10. Spin and Angular Momentum A spinning bike wheel likes to stay vertical It has a lot of angular momentum Trying to tip it makes it twist instead! If you twist it, it twists you back!

11. Charge What is charge? How do they act? “Stuck” charges are called static electricity Where have YOU seen charge? Help us explore charge!

12. Particle Physics 101 Our particle beam starts with ionized hydrogen (H – ) being moved by a huge amount of static electricity!

13. Electricity Electricity is moving charge! Can you help us make electricity? Where is the energy to make the electricity coming from?

14. Magnetism What is a magnet and how does it act? Let’s test out some magnets!

15. Magnets & Moving Charges How do we control the particles in our accelerator? The same way you do with YOUR accelerator at home!

16. Our Magnets Make a Circle… 16

17. Electricity & Magnetism? Moving magnets can make electricity… Moving charges can make a magnet… What if they both happen together?

18. Maxwell, Einstein and Beyond! Imagine a changing electric field that induces a changing magnetic field that induces a changing … Yes, this can and DOES happen and we call it light! The funny thing is, light always travels at 299,792,458 meters per second… Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity explains what happens in a world where everyone always sees light moving at the same speed

19. E=MC 2 ! Energy Conservation! Momentum Conservation!

20. Making Something New Why “High Energy” physics? Energy can be transformed, but it also must be conserved E=mc 2 lets us make new forms of matter, but only up to the limit of our beam energy!

21. Detecting Particles We use energy and momentum conservation to figure out what happened inside our detectors Some particles (neutrinos!) can’t be seen in our detectors…but we can still tell they were there! MINER A

22. The FUNdamentals! Newton’s Laws of Motion Energy Momentum The Laws of Spin Charge Electricity Magnetism E=mc 2 Particle Physics!

23. If you have any questions about any of our FUNdamental topics, ask away! We will also be available to answer questions between sessions! Dr. Michael Cooke Dr. David Schmitz Fermilab