1. Unit 10- Age of Oil-BLACK GOLD!!!
Texas History
Bonham Middle School

2. Table of Contents Defining Characteristics Political Impact of Oil
Social Impact 0f Oil
Economic Impact of Oil
Farming
Populism
Progressive
Women’s Suffrage
Agrarian Groups
Labor Unions
Civil Rights Movement

3. Defining Characteristics
Hurricane of 1900
Spindletop
Populism
Progressive Era
Texas Railroad Commission
James Hogg
Growth of urban areas
Women’s Suffrage
Temperance Movement
Prohibition
World War I

4. Political Impact of Oil
Involvement of the Texas Railroad Commission set limits to regulate and control oil prices

5. Social Impact 0f Oil Growth of cities and rise of boomtowns
Increased jobs and oil-related services
Development of other parts of the state
Growth of automobile industry

6. Improved the standard of living in Texas
Economic Impact of Oil
Improved the standard of living in Texas

7. Farming Reconstruction to Progressive Era
Agriculture was the leading industry in Texas
Expansion of urban areas created demand of agricultural products
The value of agricultural products increased
Farmers continued to increase the production of agricultural products
Farmers began to organize and machines were used to produce goods faster and more efficiently
Prices began to drop because there were too many agricultural products on the market

8. Populism
Populism – Nationwide movement of rural citizens who had not benefited from the modern lifestyle made by the growth in industry
Goal in Texas – Wanted the government of the people to protect the interests of common workers
Farmer’s Alliance (farmers, ranchers, and farm laborers) spread throughout South Texas forming their own party in 1892.
They called themselves the People’s Party or Populist Party
Demanded government regulation of businesses; public ownership of the railroads, telephone, and telegraph lines; and elimination of the national banking system
Called for labor reform, a graduated income tax, and the direct election of U.S. Senators (17th Amendment 1913)
Supported the creation of public warehouses where farmers could store their excess crops until prices increased
Won some elections in 1892 and 1894 at the state level but movement faded after 1896 because the Democratic Party began to adopt many of the Populists’ ideas.

9. Progressive
Legislative reforms were passed in the areas of labor, child labor, education, prisons, banking, and public safety. These reforms continue protecting Texans.
Most reforms ignored minorities

10. Women’s Suffrage
19th Amendment gave women the right to vote in the United States.
The Texas Equal Suffrage Association supported and campaigned for the passage of this amendment

11. Agrarian Groups Grange
The Grange or Patrons of Husbandry organized in Texas in 1873.
Offered cooperation in business, happier home lives, more social contacts, and better educational opportunities

12. Labor Unions Texas Farmers Union
1902 – A small newspaper editor from Point organized this Union after the failure of the Populists’ Party.
They were active in agricultural and rural public policies

13. Civil Rights Movement
Turn of the 20th Century – grew out of the Temperance Movement
Early 1900s – Chapters of the Texas Women’s Suffrage Movement were formed in major Texas cities
1929 – League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) was formed in Corpus Christi to support the rights for Spanish- speaking people
The Texas Equal Suffrage Association supported and campaigned for the passage of this amendment.
August 18, 1920 – 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote in the United States.
1920s – Jane McCallum was a member of the "Petticoat Lobby," which worked for education, prison reform, prohibition, mother and child health, literacy, and the elimination of child labor. She was appointed as Secretary of State under Governor Dan Moody