1. Y E A ST BREAD S Yeast is a microscopic single celled plant that produces the leavening of gas carbon dioxide and causes the dough rise.

2. FERMENTATION : : The process that allows the dough to rest in a warm place in which the yeast acts upon the sugars in the bread dough to form alcohol and carbon dioxide.

3. The alcohol evaporates during baking Time depends on the amount of yeast, temperature of the room and the kind of flour. The dough should be at least double in volume. To check…gently push 2 fingers into the dough. If an indentation remains, the dough has risen enough.

4. GLUTEN : Forms during mixing and kneading -Will provide the framework of the bread -Gives volume to the bread

5. KNEADING: Press the dough with the heels of the hands, fold it, and turn it. You need to repeat this until the dough is smooth and elastic. Kneading develops most of the gluten. Too much pressure at the beginning of the kneading can keep the dough sticky and hard to handle. Too much pressure when kneading at the end can tear or mat the gluten strands and make the bread dough tough!

6. ALL YEAST BREADS MUST CONTAIN FLOUR, LIQUID, SALT, AND YEAST. (MANY ALSO CONTAIN SUGAR, FAT, AND EGGS) YEAST: Leavens the Bread

7. INGREDIENTS: FLOUR: All-purpose flour develops enough gluten to support the carbon dioxide produced by the yeast. LI QUID: Use plain water, or milk. All liquids must be warmed in order to activate the yeast (105%-115%). Milk will add nutrients to the bread and gives bread a softer crust than breads made with water.

8. INGREDIENTS: SALT: Regulates/slows the action of the yeast and inhibits the action of certain enzymes in the flour. Without salt the dough will be sticky and hard to handle.

9. INGREDIENTS: SUGAR: Provides extra food for the yeast so the dough will rise faster. Helps with flavor and browning. FAT: Increases tenderness. EGGS: Add flavor and richness to yeast breads. - Add color and improve the structure.