Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Inner Ear Disorders.

Similar presentations


Presentation on theme: "Inner Ear Disorders."— Presentation transcript:

1 Inner Ear Disorders

2 Cochlear or Sensory hearing loss Neural or retrocochlear hearing loss
Sensorineural hearing loss - cochlea Neural or retrocochlear hearing loss Auditory nerve lesion Central hearing loss Lesion of the central auditory pathway

3 Symptoms of Inner Ear Disorder
Hearing impairement Hearing loss or hypoacusis Distortion of hearing or dysacusis Tinnitus Vestibular symptoms Dysequilibrium Vertigo

4 Diagnostic Evaluation
History Noise exposure, cranial trauma, family history, history of chronic otitis media, use of ototoxic medications Clinical Examination Inspection, otoscopy, Weber’s test, Rinne’s test, whispered speech test Audiometry Imaging Studies CT scan, MRI

5 Diagnostic Evaluation
Audiometry Imaging Studies

6 Cochlear Hearing Loss with a Known Cause
Hereditary Sensorineural Hearing Loss Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Traumatic Injury to the Inner Ear Labyrinthitis Ototoxicity Other Acquired Inner Ear Disorders Immunologic Causes, Decreased Blood Flow, Metabolic Disorders, Cochlear Otosclerosis

7 Hereditary Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Syndromic Present at birth Autosomal recessive Non-syndromic Congenital form or Later-onset form Autosomal dominant Symmetrical Treatment Prevention of further acquired damage Rehabilitation with hearing aids and other assistive devices

8 Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
Acute acoustic trauma Blast injury Acute noise-induced hearing loss Chronic noise-induced hearing loss

9 Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
Acute acoustic trauma Sudden, intense sound event of short duration >140dB Gunshot, airbags, firecrackers, or aerial fireworks Blast injury Acute noise-induced hearing loss Chronic noise-induced hearing loss

10 Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
Acute acoustic trauma Blast injury Pressure wave from an explosive blast that can rupture the tympanic membrane >140dB Acute noise-induced hearing loss Chronic noise-induced hearing loss

11 Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
Acute acoustic trauma Blast injury Acute noise-induced hearing loss Chronic noise-induced hearing loss

12 Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
Acute acoustic trauma Blast injury Acute noise-induced hearing loss Chronic noise-induced hearing loss

13 Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
Symptoms Muffled sensation and tinnitus Irreversible, chronic noise-induced hearing loss = sensorineural hearing loss Loss of speech discrimination and tinnitus Prophylaxis Reduction of voice emissions Hearing protection and control of noise levels Regular screening

14 Traumatic Injury to the Inner Ear (Labyrinthine concussion and contusion; Labyrinthine trauma)
Temporal bone fracture Barotrauma Symptoms Non-specific vertiginous complaints and hearing impairement that are usually obscured by symptoms of craniocerbral trauma or other injuries Treatment Protection from additional harmful influences

15 Labyrinthitis Tympanogenic Meningeal Hematogenous Symptoms Treatment
Cochlear hearing loss Tinnitus Vestibular symptoms (vertigo, dysequilibrium, nystagmus) Treatment Decompression with myringotomy tube Mastoidectomy

16 Ototoxicity Symptoms Ototoxic substances
Cochlear damage accompanied by tinnitus Symmetrical hearing loss Vestibular symptoms (oscillopsia, dysequilibrium) Ototoxic substances Drugs: Aminoglycosides, Cisplatin, Loop diuretics, Quinine, Salicylates Industrial toxins: Aminobenzenes, Lead, Mercury, Arsenic, Alcohol, Heroin, Tobacco, Cocaine

17 Ototoxicity Prophylaxis
Patient’s cochlear function should first be tested if at all possible Special attention to dosage, renal function, adequate hydration


Download ppt "Inner Ear Disorders."

Similar presentations


Ads by Google