1. Computer Software System Software Basic Application Software Specialized Application Software Chapter 3, 4, & 5 McGraw-HillCopyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

2. System Software McGraw-HillCopyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

3. Computers and computer applications are ubiquitous in our lives so much so that we expect them to “be there when we need them”. We often give little thought to the processes and programs running behind the scenes to keep our computers functioning effectively. These kinds of programs and processes (i.e. operating systems, utility programs, device drivers, etc…) fall under the topic of system software and are covered in this chapter. Introduction 1-3 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

4. Handles technical details Works with end users, application software, and computer hardware Four types of programs –Operating system –Utilities –Device drivers –Language translators System Software 1-4 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

5. Manage computer resources Provide an interface between the users and computer Runs applications A collection of programs that handle technical tasks Every computer has an operating system Operating Systems 1-5 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

6. Performs three types of functions –Manages computer resources Coordinate memory, processing storage, and printers Monitor system performance Provide security Start-up the computer –Provides user interface Character-based interface Graphical user interface (GUI) –Runs applications Multitasking Foreground & background applications Functions of an Operating System 1-6 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

7. Booting Features in common with application software –Icons –Pointers –Windows –Menus –Dialog boxes –Help Features of an Operating System 1-7 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

8. Hundreds of operating systems Three basic categories –Embedded operating systems – hand- held –Network operating systems – linked computers –Stand-alone operating systems – desktop Categories of Operating Systems 1-8 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

9. OS often called software environment or platform Operating systems commonly used by individuals –Windows – most widely usedWindows –Mac OS – powerful and easy to useMac OS –UNIX – network; originally designed for WebUNIX –LINUX – non proprietary; free from the WebLINUX More on Operating Systems 1-9 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

10. The most popular microcomputer operating system – over 90 percent of the market Comes in a variety of different versions Windows 7 provides several improvements over Windows Vista Windows 1-10 Return Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

11. An operating system designed to run on Apple computers Not used as widely as Windows One of the most innovative operating systems Mac OS X is one of the latest versions Mac OS (Boot Camp) allows the running of both the Mac OS and Windows Mac OS 1-11 Return Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

12. UNIX operating system –Originally designed to run on minicomputers on a network –Used by powerful microcomputers LINUX is a version of UNIX –Not proprietary –Open source UNIX and LINUX 1-12 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

13. Specialized programs to make computing easier Most essential utilities –Troubleshooting or diagnostic programs –Antivirus programs –Uninstall programs –Backup programs –File compression programs Utilities 1-13 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

14. Backup and Restore Disk Cleanup Disk Defragmenter Windows Utilities 1-14 Accessing Windows Vista utilities: Click Start, Select All Programs, Select Accessories, Choose System Tools Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

15. Utility program included with many Windows versions Makes a copy of all files or selected files that have been saved on a disk Helps prevent against disk failure Backup and Restore 1-15 Return Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

16. Identifies and eliminates nonessential files Frees up valuable space and improves system performance Disk Cleanup 1-16 Return Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

17. Disk Defragmenter 1-17 Identifies and eliminates unnecessary fragments Rearranges files and unused disk space to optimize operations Speeds up file access Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

18. A group of several utility programs bundled for sale Buying the package is economical Popular suites –Norton System Works –McAfee Office –V Communications SystemSuite Utility Suites 1-18 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

19. Specialized programs that allow communication between a device and the computer Loaded into memory each time a computer is started When a new device is added, new device drivers must be installed Device Drivers 1-19 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

20. Basic Application Software McGraw-HillCopyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

21. Not long ago, trained specialists were required to perform many of the operations you can now do with a microcomputer. A microcomputer can be an electric tool. Competent end users need to understand the capabilities of basic application software including: – Word processors –Spreadsheets –Database management systems –Presentation programs Introduction 1-21 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

22. Application Software 1-22 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Application software is end user software that is used to accomplish a variety of tasks Two categories –Basic applications (focus of this chapter)Basic applications –Specialized applicationsSpecialized applications

23. Basic applications are also called general- purpose Common types –Word processors –Spreadsheets –Database management systems –Presentation graphics Basic Applications 1-23 Return Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

24. Also known as special-purpose applications Includes thousands of other programs more narrowly focused on specific disciplines and occupations Best known –Graphic programs –Audio and video editors –Multimedia creation programs –Web authoring –Virtual reality programs Specialized Applications 1-24 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

25. Graphical User Interface (GUI) Icons Windows Menus Toolbars Common Features 1-25 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

26. Quick access to commonly used commands Contain buttons that provide shortcuts Examples –Standard Toolbar –Speech Recognition Toolbars 1-26 Standard  Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

27. Newest version of Microsoft Office New Interface –Ribbons –Contextual Tabs –Galleries Microsoft Office 2007 1-27 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

28. Used to create text-based documents –Memos, letters, and faxes –Newsletters, manuals, and brochures Word processing programs –Microsoft Word –Corel WordPerfect –Apple Pages Word Processors 1-28 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

29. Word Processor Features 1-29 Word Wrap Editing –Thesaurus –Find and Replace –Spelling and grammar checkers Formatting –Font and font sizing –Character effects –Bulleted and numbered lists Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

30. Programs that manipulate numeric data Spreadsheet programs –Microsoft Excel –Corel Quattro Pro –Apple iWork's Numbers Spreadsheets 1-30 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

31. Workbook files Worksheet or spreadsheet or sheet Formulas Functions Analytical graphs or charts What-if Analysis Spreadsheet Features 1-31 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

32. Creating a Sales ForecastCreating a Sales Forecast Creating a Chart Analyzing Your Data Spreadsheet Case 1-32 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

33. A collection of related data Sets up a structure for data storage Database programs –Microsoft Access –Corel Paradox –Lotus Approach Database Management Systems (DBMS) 1-33 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

34. Relational Tables –Records –Fields Record sorting Queries Forms Reports Database Features 1-34 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

35. Programs that create visually interesting presentations Presentation programs –Microsoft PowerPoint –Corel Presentations –Lotus Freelance Graphics Presentation Graphics 1-35 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

36. Slides AutoContent wizard Design templates Master slide Presentation Graphics Features 1-36 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

37. A single program that provides the functionality of several widely used programs –Popular with many home users –Classified as personal or home software Advantages are cost and simplicity Disadvantages are limited functions The most widely used package is Microsoft Works Integrated Packages 1-37 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

38. Collection of separate application programs sold as a group Four types of suites –Productivity suite or Office Software Suite –Alternative office suite –Specialized suite –Utility suite Software Suites 1-38 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

39. Specialized Application Software McGraw-HillCopyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

40. Specialized applications make it possible to perform advanced tasks at home. Home users can create Webs sites, work with graphic images, and create music or art. Robots now provide security and assistance in homes. Competent end users need to be aware of specialized applications –Graphics programs –Audio and video editing software –Multimedia –Web authoring –Artificial intelligence Introduction 1-40 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

41. Graphics Programs Audio and Video Software Multimedia Programs Web Authoring Programs Artificial Intelligence –Virtual Reality –Knowledge-based Systems –Robotics Specialized Applications 1-41 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

42. Desktop publishing Image editors Illustration programs Image galleries Graphic suites Graphics 1-42 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

43. Programs that allow you to create publications –Mix text and graphics –Professional quality Popular programs –Adobe InDesign –Microsoft Publisher –QuarkXPress Desktop Publishing 1-43 Return Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

44. Programs for creating and editing bitmap images –Bitmap images use dots or pixels to represent an image –Bitmap images are also called raster images Popular programs –Paint.NET –Adobe Photoshop –Corel Paint Shop Pro Image Editors 1-44 Return Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

45. Programs used to create & edit vector images Drawing programs Vector images use geometric shapes or objects Popular programs –Adobe Illustrator –Inkscape –CorelDRAW Illustration Programs 1-45 Return Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

46. Libraries of electronic images Used for a variety of applications Two basic types –Stock photographs –Clip art There are numerous Web image galleries Image Galleries 1-46 Return Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

47. Bundled graphic programs Can buy a larger variety of graphics programs at a lower cost CorelDRAW Graphics Suite –Five individual programs –Library of clip art, media clips & fonts Graphic Suites 1-47 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

48. Audio and Video Video editing software –Enhances digital video footage –Apple's iMovie & Windows Movie Maker Audio editing software –Creates and edits audio clips –Can create your own MP3s –Apple’s Garage Band and Sony’s ACID 1-48 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

49. Capture Video Edit a Movie Create a DVD Digital Video Editing 1-49 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

50. The integration of a variety of media into one presentation –Video –Music –Voice –Graphics –Text Include user interactivity Multimedia 1-50 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

51. Links & Buttons Links can be to… –Video –Sound –Graphics –Text Files Buttons are links and provide the ability to navigate through a presentation 1-51 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

52. Special programs used to create multimedia presentations Bring together all the video, audio, graphics, and text elements Popular programs –Adobe Director –Toolbook Multimedia Authoring Programs 1-52 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

53. Corporations use the Web to reach new customers Many individuals create their own personal sites, called Web logs or blogs, to keep in touch with friends and family Web Site Design Web Authoring ProgramsWeb Authoring Programs Web Authoring 1-53 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

54. Web Site Design Interactive multimedia form of communication –Create a graphical map of overall content –Add multimedia elements like animation Macromedia's Flash 1-54 Return Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

55. Known as Web page editors or HTML editors –Provide support for Web site design –Creates HTML coding Popular programs –Adobe Dreamweaver –NetObjects Fusion –Microsoft Expression Web Authoring Programs 1-55 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

56. WYSIWYG 1-56 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

57. Artificial Intelligence Attempts to simulate human senses, thought processes, and actions Designed to help people and organizations become more productive Three areas of AI –Virtual realityVirtual reality –Knowledge-based (expert) systemsKnowledge-based (expert) systems –RoboticsRobotics 1-57 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

58. Artificial or simulated reality –Generated in 3-D by a computer –Commonly known as VR, artificial reality, or virtual environments Virtual Reality 1-58 Return Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

59. Artificial intelligence that uses a database for assistance Database is known as a knowledge base Many use "fuzzy logic" Knowledge-Based (Expert) Systems 1-59 Return Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

60. The field of study concerned with using robots Robots are computer-controlled machines –Mimic the motor activities of living things –Four types of robots Perception system robots Industrial robots Mobile robots Household robots Robotics 1-60 Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.